SpringBoot实战（十五）集成iText

1.简介

iText： 是一个用于创建和处理 PDF 文件的开源 Java 库。它提供了一种在 Java 程序中创建和操作 PDF 文档的简单方法，并可以生成包含文本、表格、图像、列表和其他元素的PDF文件。

官网地址： https://itextpdf.com/

GitHub： https://github.com/itext

官方示例： https://itextpdf.com/demos

官方文档： https://wiki.itextsupport.com/home/it7kb/installation-guidelines/installing-itext-7-for-java

官网页面如下：

官网示例页面如下：

2.Maven依赖

注意：iText 5 已经停止更新了，推荐使用 iText 7

<properties>
   <itext.version>7.2.5</itext.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
   <!-- iText 7 -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
       <artifactId>itext7-core</artifactId>
       <version>${itext.version}</version>
       <type>pom</type>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.实现示例：第1章

代码地址：https://gitee.com/acgkaka/SpringBootExamples/tree/master/springboot-itext

代码涉及资源地址： https://gitee.com/acgkaka/SpringBootExamples/tree/master/springboot-itext/src/main/resources

官方示例文档地址： https://kb.itextpdf.com/home/it7kb/examples/itext-7-jump-start-tutorial-chapter-1

官方示例代码地址： https://github.com/itext/i7js-jumpstart

1）创建PDF文件，写入 Hello World

/**
 * 创建PDF，并写入Hello World
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/helloWorld", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> helloWorld() {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdfDocument = new PdfDocument(writer);
    Document document = new Document(pdfDocument);

    // 写入 Hello World
    document.add(new Paragraph("Hello World!"));
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

2）创建PDF，定制字体并写入多行（Rick Astley 歌词）

/**
 * 创建PDF，定制字体并写入多行（Rick Astley 歌词）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createPdfWithLines", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithLines() throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdfDocument = new PdfDocument(writer);
    Document document = new Document(pdfDocument);

    // 定制字体，并写入多行
    PdfFont font = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.TIMES_ROMAN);
    document.add(new Paragraph("iText is:").setFont(font));
    // import com.itextpdf.layout.element.List
    List list = new List()
            .setSymbolIndent(12)
            .setListSymbol("\u2022")
            .setFont(font);
    list.add(new ListItem("Never gonna give you up"))
            .add(new ListItem("Never gonna let you down"))
            .add(new ListItem("Never gonna run around and desert you"))
            .add(new ListItem("Never gonna make you cry"))
            .add(new ListItem("Never gonna say goodbye"))
            .add(new ListItem("Never gonna tell a lie and hurt you"));
    document.add(list);
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

3）创建PDF，定制字体并写入文字和图片（快棕狐）

/**
 * 创建PDF，定制字体并写入文字和图片（快棕狐）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createPdfWithImg", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithImg() throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdfDocument = new PdfDocument(writer);
    Document document = new Document(pdfDocument);

    // 插入图片
    final String foxImgPath = "src/main/resources/img/fox.bmp";
    final String dogImgPath = "src/main/resources/img/dog.bmp";
    Image fox = new Image(ImageDataFactory.create(foxImgPath));
    Image dog = new Image(ImageDataFactory.create(dogImgPath));
    Paragraph p = new Paragraph("The quick brown ")
            .add(fox)
            .add(" jumps over the lazy ")
            .add(dog);
    document.add(p);
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

4）创建PDF，定制字体并根据csv文件写入表格（美国城市信息）

/**
 * 创建PDF，定制字体并根据csv文件写入表格（美国城市信息）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createPdfWithTable", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithTable() throws IOException {
    final String data = "src/main/resources/data/united_states.csv";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdfDocument = new PdfDocument(writer);
    Document document = new Document(pdfDocument, PageSize.A4.rotate());
    document.setMargins(20, 20, 20, 20);

    // 根据csv文件写入表格
    PdfFont font = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA);
    PdfFont bold = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA_BOLD);
    Table table = new Table(UnitValue.createPercentArray(new float[]{4, 1, 3, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1}))
            .useAllAvailableWidth();
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(data));
    String line = br.readLine();
    process(table, line, bold, true);
    while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
        process(table, line, font, false);
    }
    br.close();
    document.add(table);
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

/**
 * 处理表格
 * @param table 表格
 * @param line  csv中一行内容
 * @param font  字体
 * @param isHeader  是否是表头
 */
private void process(Table table, String line, PdfFont font, boolean isHeader) {
    StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line, ";");
    while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
        if (isHeader) {
            table.addHeaderCell(new Cell().add(new Paragraph(tokenizer.nextToken()).setFont(font)));
        } else {
            table.addCell(new Cell().add(new Paragraph(tokenizer.nextToken()).setFont(font)));
        }
    }
}

4.实现示例：第2章

1）创建PDF，画坐标轴

/**
 * 创建PDF，画坐标轴
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createPdfWithAxes", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithLines() {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);

    PageSize ps = PageSize.A4.rotate();
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage(ps);

    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    // 把坐标系的原点放到页面中间
    canvas.concatMatrix(1, 0, 0, 1, ps.getWidth() / 2, ps.getHeight() / 2);
    drawAxes(canvas, ps);
    pdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

/**
 * 画坐标轴
 * @param canvas    画布
 * @param ps        页面大小
 */
private void drawAxes(PdfCanvas canvas, PageSize ps) {
    // 画X轴
    canvas.moveTo(-(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 15), 0)
            .lineTo(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 15, 0)
            .stroke();

    // 画X轴箭头
    canvas.setLineJoinStyle(PdfCanvasConstants.LineJoinStyle.ROUND)
            .moveTo(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 25, -10)
            .lineTo(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 15, 0)
            .lineTo(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 25, 10).stroke()
            .setLineJoinStyle(PdfCanvasConstants.LineJoinStyle.MITER);

    // 画y轴
    canvas.moveTo(0, -(ps.getHeight() / 2 - 15))
            .lineTo(0, ps.getHeight() / 2 - 15)
            .stroke();

    // 画Y轴箭头
    canvas.saveState()
            .setLineJoinStyle(PdfCanvasConstants.LineJoinStyle.ROUND)
            .moveTo(-10, ps.getHeight() / 2 - 25)
            .lineTo(0, ps.getHeight() / 2 - 15)
            .lineTo(10, ps.getHeight() / 2 - 25).stroke()
            .restoreState();

    // 画X衬线
    for (int i = -((int) ps.getWidth() / 2 - 61); i < ((int) ps.getWidth() / 2 - 60); i += 40) {
        canvas.moveTo(i, 5).lineTo(i, -5);
    }
    // 画Y衬线
    for (int j = -((int) ps.getHeight() / 2 - 57); j < ((int) ps.getHeight() / 2 - 56); j += 40) {
        canvas.moveTo(5, j).lineTo(-5, j);
    }
    canvas.stroke();
}

2）创建PDF，画网格线

/**
 * 创建PDF，画网格线
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createPdfWithGridlines", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithGridlines(String dest) throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);

    PageSize ps = PageSize.A4.rotate();
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage(ps);

    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    // 把坐标系的原点放到页面中间
    canvas.concatMatrix(1, 0, 0, 1, ps.getWidth() / 2, ps.getHeight() / 2);

    Color grayColor = new DeviceCmyk(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.875f);
    Color greenColor = new DeviceCmyk(1.f, 0.f, 1.f, 0.176f);
    Color blueColor = new DeviceCmyk(1.f, 0.156f, 0.f, 0.118f);

    canvas.setLineWidth(0.5f).setStrokeColor(blueColor);

    // 画水平网格线
    for (int i = -((int) ps.getHeight() / 2 - 57); i < ((int) ps.getHeight() / 2 - 56); i += 40) {
        canvas.moveTo(-(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 15), i)
                .lineTo(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 15, i);
    }
    // 画垂直网格线
    for (int j = -((int) ps.getWidth() / 2 - 61); j < ((int) ps.getWidth() / 2 - 60); j += 40) {
        canvas.moveTo(j, -(ps.getHeight() / 2 - 15))
                .lineTo(j, ps.getHeight() / 2 - 15);
    }
    canvas.stroke();

    // 画轴
    canvas.setLineWidth(3).setStrokeColor(grayColor);
    drawAxes(canvas, ps);

    // 画虚线
    canvas.setLineWidth(2).setStrokeColor(greenColor)
            .setLineDash(10, 10, 8)
            .moveTo(-(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 15), -(ps.getHeight() / 2 - 15))
            .lineTo(ps.getWidth() / 2 - 15, ps.getHeight() / 2 - 15).stroke();
    pdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

3）创建PDF，写星球大战

/**
 * 创建PDF，并写星球大战
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createPdfWithStarWars", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithStarWars() throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);

    //Add new page
    PageSize ps = PageSize.A4;
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage(ps);

    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);

    List<String> text = new ArrayList<>();
    text.add("         Episode V         ");
    text.add("  THE EMPIRE STRIKES BACK  ");
    text.add("It is a dark time for the");
    text.add("Rebellion. Although the Death");
    text.add("Star has been destroyed,");
    text.add("Imperial troops have driven the");
    text.add("Rebel forces from their hidden");
    text.add("base and pursued them across");
    text.add("the galaxy.");
    text.add("Evading the dreaded Imperial");
    text.add("Starfleet, a group of freedom");
    text.add("fighters led by Luke Skywalker");
    text.add("has established a new secret");
    text.add("base on the remote ice world");
    text.add("of Hoth...");

    //Replace the origin of the coordinate system to the top left corner
    canvas.concatMatrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, ps.getHeight());
    canvas.beginText()
            .setFontAndSize(PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.COURIER_BOLD), 14)
            .setLeading(14 * 1.2f)
            .moveText(70, -40);
    for (String s : text) {
        //Add text and move to the next line
        canvas.newlineShowText(s);
    }
    canvas.endText();
    pdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

4）创建PDF，写星球大战（滚动版）

/**
 * 创建PDF，并滚动写星球大战
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createPdfWithStarWarsCrawl", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithStarWarsCrawl() throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);

    //Add new page
    PageSize ps = PageSize.A4;
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage(ps);

    List<String> text = new ArrayList();
    text.add("            Episode V      ");
    text.add("    THE EMPIRE STRIKES BACK  ");
    text.add("It is a dark time for the");
    text.add("Rebellion. Although the Death");
    text.add("Star has been destroyed,");
    text.add("Imperial troops have driven the");
    text.add("Rebel forces from their hidden");
    text.add("base and pursued them across");
    text.add("the galaxy.");
    text.add("Evading the dreaded Imperial");
    text.add("Starfleet, a group of freedom");
    text.add("fighters led by Luke Skywalker");
    text.add("has established a new secret");
    text.add("base on the remote ice world");
    text.add("of Hoth...");

    int maxStringWidth = 0;
    for (String fragment : text) {
        if (fragment.length() > maxStringWidth) {
            maxStringWidth = fragment.length();
        }
    }

    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);

    //Set black background
    canvas.rectangle(0, 0, ps.getWidth(), ps.getHeight())
            .setColor(ColorConstants.BLACK, true)
            .fill();

    //Replace the origin of the coordinate system to the top left corner
    canvas.concatMatrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, ps.getHeight());
    Color yellowColor = new DeviceCmyk(0.f, 0.0537f, 0.769f, 0.051f);
    float lineHeight = 5;
    float yOffset = -40;
    canvas.beginText()
            .setFontAndSize(PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.COURIER_BOLD), 1)
            .setColor(yellowColor, true);
    for (int j = 0; j < text.size(); j++) {
        String line = text.get(j);
        float xOffset = ps.getWidth() / 2 - 45 - 8 * j;
        float fontSizeCoeff = 6 + j;
        float lineSpacing = (lineHeight + j) * j / 1.5f;
        int stringWidth = line.length();
        for (int i = 0; i < stringWidth; i++) {
            float angle = (maxStringWidth / 2 - i) / 2f;
            float charXOffset = (4 + (float) j / 2) * i;
            canvas.setTextMatrix(fontSizeCoeff, 0,
                            angle, fontSizeCoeff / 1.5f,
                            xOffset + charXOffset, yOffset - lineSpacing)
                    .showText(String.valueOf(line.charAt(i)));
        }
    }
    canvas.endText();

    //Close document
    pdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

5.实现示例：第3章

注意：部分高级 PDF 功能需要使用 Adobe 才可以看到。

Adobe 官方下载地址： https://www.adobe.com/acrobat/pdf-reader.html

1）创建PDF，简单的列渲染示例（纽约时代周刊）

private static final String APPLE_IMG = "src/main/resources/img/ny_times_apple.jpg";
private static final String APPLE_TXT = "src/main/resources/data/ny_times_apple.txt";
private static final String FACEBOOK_IMG = "src/main/resources/img/ny_times_fb.jpg";
private static final String FACEBOOK_TXT = "src/main/resources/data/ny_times_fb.txt";
private static final String INST_IMG = "src/main/resources/img/ny_times_inst.jpg";
private static final String INST_TXT = "src/main/resources/data/ny_times_inst.txt";

static PdfFont timesNewRoman = null;
static PdfFont timesNewRomanBold = null;

/**
 * 创建PDF，简单的列渲染示例（纽约时代周刊）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/newYorkTimes", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> newYorkTimes() throws IOException {
    timesNewRoman = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.TIMES_ROMAN);
    timesNewRomanBold = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.TIMES_BOLD);

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);
    PageSize ps = PageSize.A5;

    // Initialize document
    Document document = new Document(pdf, ps);

    //Set column parameters
    float offSet = 36;
    float columnWidth = (ps.getWidth() - offSet * 2 + 10) / 3;
    float columnHeight = ps.getHeight() - offSet * 2;

    //Define column areas
    Rectangle[] columns = {new Rectangle(offSet - 5, offSet, columnWidth, columnHeight),
            new Rectangle(offSet + columnWidth, offSet, columnWidth, columnHeight),
            new Rectangle(offSet + columnWidth * 2 + 5, offSet, columnWidth, columnHeight)};
    document.setRenderer(new ColumnDocumentRenderer(document, columns));

    Image apple = new Image(ImageDataFactory.create(APPLE_IMG)).setWidth(columnWidth);
    String articleApple = new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(APPLE_TXT)), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    addArticle(document, "Apple Encryption Engineers, if Ordered to Unlock iPhone, Might Resist", "By JOHN MARKOFF MARCH 18, 2016", apple, articleApple);
    Image facebook = new Image(ImageDataFactory.create(FACEBOOK_IMG)).setWidth(columnWidth);
    String articleFB = new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(FACEBOOK_TXT)), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    addArticle(document, "With \"Smog Jog\" Through Beijing, Zuckerberg Stirs Debate on Air Pollution", "By PAUL MOZUR MARCH 18, 2016", facebook, articleFB);
    Image inst = new Image(ImageDataFactory.create(INST_IMG)).setWidth(columnWidth);
    String articleInstagram = new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(INST_TXT)), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    addArticle(document, "Instagram May Change Your Feed, Personalizing It With an Algorithm","By MIKE ISAAC MARCH 15, 2016", inst, articleInstagram);

    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

/**
 * 添加文章
 * @param doc       文档
 * @param title     标题
 * @param author    作者
 * @param img       图片
 * @param text      文本
 * @throws IOException IO异常
 */
private static void addArticle(Document doc, String title, String author, Image img, String text) throws IOException {
    Paragraph p1 = new Paragraph(title)
            .setFont(timesNewRomanBold)
            .setFontSize(14);
    doc.add(p1);
    doc.add(img);
    Paragraph p2 = new Paragraph()
            .setFont(timesNewRoman)
            .setFontSize(7)
            .setFontColor(ColorConstants.GRAY)
            .add(author);
    doc.add(p2);
    Paragraph p3 = new Paragraph()
            .setFont(timesNewRoman)
            .setFontSize(10)
            .add(text);
    doc.add(p3);
}

2）创建PDF，简单的表渲染示例（英格兰足球超级联赛）

Color greenColor = new DeviceCmyk(0.78f, 0, 0.81f, 0.21f);
Color yellowColor = new DeviceCmyk(0, 0, 0.76f, 0.01f);
Color redColor = new DeviceCmyk(0, 0.76f, 0.86f, 0.01f);
Color blueColor = new DeviceCmyk(0.28f, 0.11f, 0, 0);

/**
 * 创建PDF，简单的表渲染示例（英格兰足球超级联赛）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/premierLeague", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> premierLeague() throws IOException {
    final String data = "src/main/resources/data/premier_league.csv";
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);
    PageSize ps = new PageSize(842, 680);

    // Initialize document
    Document document = new Document(pdf, ps);

    PdfFont font = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA);
    PdfFont bold = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA_BOLD);
    Table table = new Table(UnitValue.createPercentArray(new float[]{1.5f, 7, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 2}));
    table
            .setTextAlignment(TextAlignment.CENTER)
            .setHorizontalAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);

    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(data), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    String line = br.readLine();
    processTable1(table, line, bold, true);
    while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
        processTable1(table, line, font, false);
    }
    br.close();

    document.add(table);

    //Close document
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

/**
 * 处理表格
 * @param table     表格
 * @param line      行
 * @param font      字体
 * @param isHeader  是否是表头
 */
private void processTable1(Table table, String line, PdfFont font, boolean isHeader) {
    StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line, ";");
    int columnNumber = 0;
    while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
        if (isHeader) {
            Cell cell = new Cell().add(new Paragraph(tokenizer.nextToken()));
            cell.setNextRenderer(new RoundedCornersCellRenderer(cell));
            cell.setPadding(5).setBorder(null);
            table.addHeaderCell(cell);
        } else {
            columnNumber++;
            Cell cell = new Cell().add(new Paragraph(tokenizer.nextToken()));
            cell.setFont(font).setBorder(new SolidBorder(ColorConstants.BLACK, 0.5f));
            switch (columnNumber) {
                case 4:
                    cell.setBackgroundColor(greenColor);
                    break;
                case 5:
                    cell.setBackgroundColor(yellowColor);
                    break;
                case 6:
                    cell.setBackgroundColor(redColor);
                    break;
                default:
                    cell.setBackgroundColor(blueColor);
                    break;
            }
            table.addCell(cell);
        }
    }
}


/**
 * 自定义渲染器
 */
private class RoundedCornersCellRenderer extends CellRenderer {
    public RoundedCornersCellRenderer(Cell modelElement) {
        super(modelElement);
    }

    @Override
    public void drawBorder(DrawContext drawContext) {
        Rectangle rectangle = getOccupiedAreaBBox();
        float llx = rectangle.getX() + 1;
        float lly = rectangle.getY() + 1;
        float urx = rectangle.getX() + getOccupiedAreaBBox().getWidth() - 1;
        float ury = rectangle.getY() + getOccupiedAreaBBox().getHeight() - 1;
        PdfCanvas canvas = drawContext.getCanvas();
        float r = 4;
        float b = 0.4477f;
        canvas.moveTo(llx, lly).lineTo(urx, lly).lineTo(urx, ury - r)
                .curveTo(urx, ury - r * b, urx - r * b, ury, urx - r, ury)
                .lineTo(llx + r, ury)
                .curveTo(llx + r * b, ury, llx, ury - r * b, llx, ury - r)
                .lineTo(llx, lly).stroke();
        super.drawBorder(drawContext);
    }
}

3）创建PDF，简单的事件渲染示例（UFO文件）

static PdfFont helvetica = null;
static PdfFont helveticaBold = null;

/**
 * 创建PDF，简单的事件渲染示例（UFO文件）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/ufo", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> ufo() throws IOException {
    final String data = "src/main/resources/data/ufo.csv";
    helvetica = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA);
    helveticaBold = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA_BOLD);

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);
    pdf.addEventHandler(PdfDocumentEvent.END_PAGE, new MyEventHandler());

    // Initialize document
    Document document = new Document(pdf);
    Paragraph p = new Paragraph("List of reported UFO sightings in 20th century")
            .setTextAlignment(TextAlignment.CENTER).setFont(helveticaBold).setFontSize(14);
    document.add(p);
    Table table = new Table(UnitValue.createPercentArray(new float[]{3, 5, 7, 4}));
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(data));
    String line = br.readLine();
    processTable2(table, line, helveticaBold, true);
    while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
        processTable2(table, line, helvetica, false);
    }
    br.close();
    document.add(table);
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

/**
 * 处理表格
 * @param table     表格
 * @param line      行
 * @param font      字体
 * @param isHeader  是否是表头
 */
private void processTable2(Table table, String line, PdfFont font, boolean isHeader) {
    StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line, ";");
    while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
        if (isHeader) {
            table.addHeaderCell(new Cell().add(new Paragraph(tokenizer.nextToken()).setFont(font)).setFontSize(9).setBorder(new SolidBorder(ColorConstants.BLACK, 0.5f)));
        } else {
            table.addCell(new Cell().add(new Paragraph(tokenizer.nextToken()).setFont(font)).setFontSize(9).setBorder(new SolidBorder(ColorConstants.BLACK, 0.5f)));
        }
    }
}


/**
 * 自定义事件处理器
 */
private class MyEventHandler implements IEventHandler {

    public void handleEvent(Event event) {
        PdfDocumentEvent docEvent = (PdfDocumentEvent) event;
        PdfDocument pdfDoc = docEvent.getDocument();
        PdfPage page = docEvent.getPage();
        int pageNumber = pdfDoc.getPageNumber(page);
        Rectangle pageSize = page.getPageSize();
        PdfCanvas pdfCanvas = new PdfCanvas(page.newContentStreamBefore(), page.getResources(), pdfDoc);

        //Set background
        Color limeColor = new DeviceCmyk(0.208f, 0, 0.584f, 0);
        Color blueColor = new DeviceCmyk(0.445f, 0.0546f, 0, 0.0667f);
        pdfCanvas.saveState()
                .setFillColor(pageNumber % 2 == 1 ? limeColor : blueColor)
                .rectangle(pageSize.getLeft(), pageSize.getBottom(), pageSize.getWidth(), pageSize.getHeight())
                .fill().restoreState();

        //Add header and footer
        pdfCanvas.beginText()
                .setFontAndSize(helvetica, 9)
                .moveText(pageSize.getWidth() / 2 - 60, pageSize.getTop() - 20)
                .showText("THE TRUTH IS OUT THERE")
                .moveText(60, -pageSize.getTop() + 30)
                .showText(String.valueOf(pageNumber))
                .endText();

        //Add watermark
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(pdfCanvas, page.getPageSize());
        canvas.setFontColor(ColorConstants.WHITE);
        canvas.setProperty(Property.FONT_SIZE, UnitValue.createPointValue(60));
        canvas.setProperty(Property.FONT, helveticaBold);
        canvas.showTextAligned(new Paragraph("CONFIDENTIAL"), 298, 421, pdfDoc.getPageNumber(page),
                TextAlignment.CENTER, VerticalAlignment.MIDDLE, 45);

        pdfCanvas.release();
    }
}

6.实现示例：第4章

1）创建PDF，添加文本批注

/**
 * 创建PDF，添加文本批注
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/textAnnotation", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> textAnnotation() {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);

    //Initialize document
    Document document = new Document(pdf);
    document.add(new Paragraph("The example of text annotation."));

    //Create text annotation
    PdfAnnotation ann = new PdfTextAnnotation(new Rectangle(20, 800, 0, 0))
            .setOpen(true)
            .setColor(ColorConstants.GREEN)
            .setTitle(new PdfString("iText"))
            .setContents("With iText, you can truly take your documentation needs to the next level.");
    pdf.getFirstPage().addAnnotation(ann);
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

2）创建PDF，添加链接批注

/**
 * 创建PDF，添加链接批注
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/linkAnnotation", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> linkAnnotation() {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);

    //Initialize document
    Document document = new Document(pdf);

    //Create link annotation
    PdfLinkAnnotation annotation = new PdfLinkAnnotation(new Rectangle(0, 0))
            .setAction(PdfAction.createURI("http://itextpdf.com/"));
    Link link = new Link("here", annotation);
    Paragraph p = new Paragraph("The example of link annotation. Click ")
            .add(link.setUnderline())
            .add(" to learn more...");
    document.add(p);

    //Close document
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

3）创建PDF，添加线批注

（注意：这里不要用谷歌浏览器了，是看不到的）

/**
 * 创建PDF，添加线批注
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/lineAnnotation", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> lineAnnotation() {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(outputStream);

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage();

    PdfArray lineEndings = new PdfArray();
    lineEndings.add(new PdfName("Diamond"));
    lineEndings.add(new PdfName("Diamond"));

    //Create line annotation with inside caption
    PdfAnnotation annotation = new PdfLineAnnotation(
            new Rectangle(0, 0),
            new float[]{20, 790, page.getPageSize().getWidth() - 20, 790})
            .setLineEndingStyles((lineEndings))
            .setContentsAsCaption(true)
            .setTitle(new PdfString("iText"))
            .setContents("The example of line annotation")
            .setColor(ColorConstants.BLUE);
    page.addAnnotation(annotation);

    //Close document
    pdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

4）创建PDF，添加文本标记批注

/**
 * 创建PDF，添加文本标记批注
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/textMarkupAnnotation", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> textMarkupAnnotation() {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfWriter(outputStream));

    //Initialize document
    Document document = new Document(pdf);

    Paragraph p = new Paragraph("The example of text markup annotation.");
    document.showTextAligned(p, 20, 795, 1, TextAlignment.LEFT,
            VerticalAlignment.MIDDLE, 0);

    //Create text markup annotation
    PdfAnnotation ann = PdfTextMarkupAnnotation.createHighLight(new Rectangle(105, 790, 64, 10),
                    new float[]{169, 790, 105, 790, 169, 800, 105, 800})
            .setColor(ColorConstants.YELLOW)
            .setTitle(new PdfString("Hello!"))
            .setContents(new PdfString("I'm a popup."))
            .setTitle(new PdfString("iText"))
            .setRectangle(new PdfArray(new float[]{100, 600, 200, 100}));
    pdf.getFirstPage().addAnnotation(ann);

    //Close document
    document.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

5）创建PDF，添加简单组件的批注（职位申请表）

/**
 * Add acroform to the document
 * @param doc   document
 * @return      PdfAcroForm
 */
private PdfAcroForm addAcroForm(Document doc) {

    Paragraph title = new Paragraph("Application for employment")
            .setTextAlignment(TextAlignment.CENTER)
            .setFontSize(16);
    doc.add(title);
    doc.add(new Paragraph("Full name:").setFontSize(12));
    doc.add(new Paragraph("Native language:      English         French       German        Russian        Spanish").setFontSize(12));
    doc.add(new Paragraph("Experience in:       cooking        driving           software development").setFontSize(12));
    doc.add(new Paragraph("Preferred working shift:").setFontSize(12));
    doc.add(new Paragraph("Additional information:").setFontSize(12));

    //Add acroform
    PdfAcroForm form = PdfAcroForm.getAcroForm(doc.getPdfDocument(), true);

    //Create text field
    PdfTextFormField nameField = PdfTextFormField.createText(doc.getPdfDocument(),
            new Rectangle(99, 753, 425, 15), "name", "");
    form.addField(nameField);

    //Create radio buttons
    PdfButtonFormField group = PdfFormField.createRadioGroup(doc.getPdfDocument(), "language", "");
    PdfFormField.createRadioButton(doc.getPdfDocument(), new Rectangle(130, 728, 15, 15), group, "English");
    PdfFormField.createRadioButton(doc.getPdfDocument(), new Rectangle(200, 728, 15, 15), group, "French");
    PdfFormField.createRadioButton(doc.getPdfDocument(), new Rectangle(260, 728, 15, 15), group, "German");
    PdfFormField.createRadioButton(doc.getPdfDocument(), new Rectangle(330, 728, 15, 15), group, "Russian");
    PdfFormField.createRadioButton(doc.getPdfDocument(), new Rectangle(400, 728, 15, 15), group, "Spanish");
    form.addField(group);

    //Create checkboxes
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        PdfButtonFormField checkField = PdfFormField.createCheckBox(doc.getPdfDocument(), new Rectangle(119 + i * 69, 701, 15, 15),
                "experience".concat(String.valueOf(i+1)), "Off", PdfFormField.TYPE_CHECK);
        form.addField(checkField);
    }

    //Create combobox
    String[] options = {"Any", "6.30 am - 2.30 pm", "1.30 pm - 9.30 pm"};
    PdfChoiceFormField choiceField = PdfFormField.createComboBox(doc.getPdfDocument(), new Rectangle(163, 676, 115, 15),
            "shift", "Any", options);
    form.addField(choiceField);

    //Create multiline text field
    PdfTextFormField infoField = PdfTextFormField.createMultilineText(doc.getPdfDocument(),
            new Rectangle(158, 625, 366, 40), "info", "");
    form.addField(infoField);

    //Create push button field
    PdfButtonFormField button = PdfFormField.createPushButton(doc.getPdfDocument(),
            new Rectangle(479, 594, 45, 15), "reset", "RESET");
    button.setAction(PdfAction.createResetForm(new String[] {"name", "language", "experience1", "experience2", "experience3", "shift", "info"}, 0));
    form.addField(button);

    return form;

}

6）创建PDF，添加并填充表单（职位申请表）

/**
 * 创建PDF，添加并填充表单（职位申请表）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/createAndFill", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createAndFill() {
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfWriter(outputStream));

    // Initialize document
    Document doc = new Document(pdf);

    PdfAcroForm form = addAcroForm(doc);
    Map<String, PdfFormField> fields = form.getFormFields();
    fields.get("name").setValue("James Bond");
    fields.get("language").setValue("English");
    fields.get("experience1").setValue("Off");
    fields.get("experience2").setValue("Yes");
    fields.get("experience3").setValue("Yes");
    fields.get("shift").setValue("Any");
    fields.get("info").setValue("I was 38 years old when I became an MI6 agent.");

    doc.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

7）指定PDF，简单填充表单（职位申请表）

/**
 * 指定PDF，简单填写表单（职位申请表）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/flattenForm", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> flattenForm() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/job_application.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src), new PdfWriter(outputStream));

    PdfAcroForm form = PdfAcroForm.getAcroForm(pdf, true);
    Map<String, PdfFormField> fields = form.getFormFields();
    fields.get("name").setValue("James Bond");
    fields.get("language").setValue("English");
    fields.get("experience1").setValue("Off");
    fields.get("experience2").setValue("Yes");
    fields.get("experience3").setValue("Yes");
    fields.get("shift").setValue("Any");
    fields.get("info").setValue("I was 38 years old when I became an MI6 agent.");
    form.flattenFields();

    pdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

7.实现示例：第5章

1）创建PDF，添加可回复型批注

/**
 * 创建PDF，添加可回复型批注
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/addAnnotationAndContent", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> addAnnotationAndContent() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/job_application.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdfDoc = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src), new PdfWriter(outputStream));

    //Add text annotation
    PdfAnnotation ann = new PdfTextAnnotation(new Rectangle(400, 795, 0, 0))
            .setOpen(true)
            .setTitle(new PdfString("iText"))
            .setContents("Please, fill out the form.");
    pdfDoc.getFirstPage().addAnnotation(ann);

    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(pdfDoc.getFirstPage());
    canvas.beginText().setFontAndSize(PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA), 12)
            .moveText(265, 597)
            .showText("I agree to the terms and conditions.")
            .endText();

    //Add form field
    PdfAcroForm form = PdfAcroForm.getAcroForm(pdfDoc, true);
    PdfButtonFormField checkField = PdfFormField.createCheckBox(pdfDoc, new Rectangle(245, 594, 15, 15),
            "agreement", "Off", PdfFormField.TYPE_CHECK);
    checkField.setRequired(true);
    form.addField(checkField);

    //Update reset button
    form.getField("reset").setAction(PdfAction.createResetForm(new String[]{"name", "language",
            "experience1", "experience2", "experience3", "shift", "info", "agreement"}, 0));

    pdfDoc.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

2）根据PDF，填写并修改表单

/**
 * 根据PDF，填写并修改表单
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/fillAndModifyForm", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> fillAndModifyForm() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/job_application.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdfDoc = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src), new PdfWriter(outputStream));


    PdfAcroForm form = PdfAcroForm.getAcroForm(pdfDoc, true);
    Map<String, PdfFormField> fields = form.getFormFields();

    fields.get("name").setValue("James Bond").setBackgroundColor(ColorConstants.ORANGE);
    fields.get("language").setValue("English");

    fields.get("experience1").setValue("Yes");
    fields.get("experience2").setValue("Yes");
    fields.get("experience3").setValue("Yes");

    List<PdfString> options = new ArrayList<PdfString>();
    options.add(new PdfString("Any"));
    options.add(new PdfString("8.30 am - 12.30 pm"));
    options.add(new PdfString("12.30 pm - 4.30 pm"));
    options.add(new PdfString("4.30 pm - 8.30 pm"));
    options.add(new PdfString("8.30 pm - 12.30 am"));
    options.add(new PdfString("12.30 am - 4.30 am"));
    options.add(new PdfString("4.30 am - 8.30 am"));
    PdfArray arr = new PdfArray(options);
    fields.get("shift").setOptions(arr);
    fields.get("shift").setValue("Any");

    PdfFont courier = PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.COURIER);
    fields.get("info").setValue("I was 38 years old when I became an MI6 agent.", courier, 7f);

    pdfDoc.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

3）根据PDF，填充内容（页眉、页脚线、页脚页码、水印）

/**
 * 根据PDF，填充内容（页眉、页脚线、页脚页码、水印）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/addContent", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> addContent() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/ufo.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdfDoc = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src), new PdfWriter(outputStream));

    Document document = new Document(pdfDoc);
    Rectangle pageSize;
    PdfCanvas canvas;
    int n = pdfDoc.getNumberOfPages();
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        PdfPage page = pdfDoc.getPage(i);
        pageSize = page.getPageSize();
        canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
        // 画页眉文字
        canvas.beginText().setFontAndSize(PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA), 7)
                .moveText(pageSize.getWidth() / 2 - 24, pageSize.getHeight() - 10)
                .showText("I want to believe")
                .endText();
        // 画页脚线
        canvas.setStrokeColor(ColorConstants.BLACK)
                .setLineWidth(.2f)
                .moveTo(pageSize.getWidth() / 2 - 30, 20)
                .lineTo(pageSize.getWidth() / 2 + 30, 20).stroke();
        // 画页码
        canvas.beginText().setFontAndSize(PdfFontFactory.createFont(StandardFonts.HELVETICA), 7)
                .moveText(pageSize.getWidth() / 2 - 7, 10)
                .showText(String.valueOf(i))
                .showText(" of ")
                .showText(String.valueOf(n))
                .endText();
        // 画水印
        Paragraph p = new Paragraph("CONFIDENTIAL").setFontSize(60);
        canvas.saveState();
        PdfExtGState gs1 = new PdfExtGState().setFillOpacity(0.2f);
        canvas.setExtGState(gs1);
        document.showTextAligned(p,
                pageSize.getWidth() / 2, pageSize.getHeight() / 2,
                pdfDoc.getPageNumber(page),
                TextAlignment.CENTER, VerticalAlignment.MIDDLE, 45);
        canvas.restoreState();
    }

    pdfDoc.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

4）根据PDF，改变页面（大小、边框、旋转）

/**
 * 根据PDF，改变页面（大小、边框、旋转）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/changePage", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> changePage() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/ufo.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdfDoc = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src), new PdfWriter(outputStream));


    float margin = 72;
    for (int i = 1; i <= pdfDoc.getNumberOfPages(); i++) {
        PdfPage page = pdfDoc.getPage(i);
        // change page size
        Rectangle mediaBox = page.getMediaBox();
        Rectangle newMediaBox = new Rectangle(mediaBox.getLeft() - margin, mediaBox.getBottom() - margin,
                mediaBox.getWidth() + margin * 2, mediaBox.getHeight() + margin * 2);
        page.setMediaBox(newMediaBox);
        // add border
        PdfCanvas over = new PdfCanvas(page);
        over.setStrokeColor(ColorConstants.GRAY);
        over.rectangle(mediaBox.getLeft(), mediaBox.getBottom(), mediaBox.getWidth(), mediaBox.getHeight());
        over.stroke();
        // change rotation of the even pages
        if (i % 2 == 0) {
            page.setRotation(180);
        }
    }

    pdfDoc.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

8.实现示例：第6章

1）根据PDF，缩放尺寸（金门大桥）

/**
 * 根据PDF，缩放尺寸（金门大桥）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/theGoldenGateBridgeScaleShrink", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> createPdfWithLines() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/the_golden_gate_bridge.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfWriter(outputStream));
    PdfDocument origPdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src));

    //Original page size
    PdfPage origPage = origPdf.getPage(1);
    Rectangle orig = origPage.getPageSizeWithRotation();

    //Add A4 page
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage(PageSize.A4.rotate());
    //Shrink original page content using transformation matrix
    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    AffineTransform transformationMatrix = AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(page.getPageSize().getWidth() / orig.getWidth(), page.getPageSize().getHeight() / orig.getHeight());
    canvas.concatMatrix(transformationMatrix);
    PdfFormXObject pageCopy = origPage.copyAsFormXObject(pdf);
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, 0, 0);

    //Add page with original size
    pdf.addPage(origPage.copyTo(pdf));

    //Add A2 page
    page = pdf.addNewPage(PageSize.A2.rotate());
    //Scale original page content using transformation matrix
    canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    transformationMatrix = AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(page.getPageSize().getWidth() / orig.getWidth(), page.getPageSize().getHeight() / orig.getHeight());
    canvas.concatMatrix(transformationMatrix);
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, 0, 0);

    pdf.close();
    origPdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

2）根据PDF，一分为四（金门大桥）

/**
 * 根据PDF，一分为四（金门大桥）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/theGoldenGateBridgeTiles", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> theGoldenGateBridgeTiles() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/the_golden_gate_bridge.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfWriter(outputStream));
    PdfDocument sourcePdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src));

    //Original page
    PdfPage origPage = sourcePdf.getPage(1);
    PdfFormXObject pageCopy = origPage.copyAsFormXObject(pdf);

    //Original page size
    Rectangle orig = origPage.getPageSize();
    //Tile size
    Rectangle tileSize = PageSize.A4.rotate();
    // Transformation matrix
    AffineTransform transformationMatrix = AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(tileSize.getWidth() / orig.getWidth() * 2f, tileSize.getHeight() / orig.getHeight() * 2f);


    //The first tile
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage(PageSize.A4.rotate());
    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    canvas.concatMatrix(transformationMatrix);
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, 0, -orig.getHeight() / 2f);

    //The second tile
    page = pdf.addNewPage(PageSize.A4.rotate());
    canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    canvas.concatMatrix(transformationMatrix);
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, -orig.getWidth() / 2f, -orig.getHeight() / 2f);

    //The third tile
    page = pdf.addNewPage(PageSize.A4.rotate());
    canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    canvas.concatMatrix(transformationMatrix);
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, 0, 0);

    //The fourth tile
    page = pdf.addNewPage(PageSize.A4.rotate());
    canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);
    canvas.concatMatrix(transformationMatrix);
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, -orig.getWidth() / 2f, 0);

    pdf.close();
    sourcePdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}

3）根据PDF，多页合并（金门大桥）

/**
 * 根据PDF，多页合并（金门大桥）
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/theGoldenGateBridgeNUp", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF_VALUE)
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> theGoldenGateBridgeNUp() throws IOException {
    final String src = "src/main/resources/pdf/the_golden_gate_bridge.pdf";

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

    //Initialize PDF document
    PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfWriter(outputStream));
    PdfDocument sourcePdf = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(src));

    //Original page
    PdfPage origPage = sourcePdf.getPage(1);

    //Original page size
    Rectangle orig = origPage.getPageSize();
    PdfFormXObject pageCopy = origPage.copyAsFormXObject(pdf);

    //N-up page
    PageSize nUpPageSize = PageSize.A4.rotate();
    PdfPage page = pdf.addNewPage(nUpPageSize);
    PdfCanvas canvas = new PdfCanvas(page);

    //Scale page
    AffineTransform transformationMatrix = AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(nUpPageSize.getWidth() / orig.getWidth() / 2f, nUpPageSize.getHeight() / orig.getHeight() / 2f);
    canvas.concatMatrix(transformationMatrix);

    //Add pages to N-up page
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, 0, orig.getHeight());
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, orig.getWidth(), orig.getHeight());
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, 0, 0);
    canvas.addXObjectAt(pageCopy, orig.getWidth(), 0);

    pdf.close();
    sourcePdf.close();

    // 设置响应头
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=hello.pdf");
    return ResponseEntity.ok()
            .headers(headers)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF)
            .body(outputStream.toByteArray());
}