最近写完了嵌入式第十届初赛的题目,拿出来和大家分享,希望帮助解决一些问题。
目录
客观题
程序设计题
题目解析
CubeMX配置
代码演示
客观题
收集的一些历年的比赛客观题和解析,以及程序设计题的PDF,在这里分享给大家。
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1hTw0inSbLjX57hOtankgKw
提取码:np1p
不理解的地方可以在评论区提问嗷,或者分享的百度云里解析。
程序设计题
题目解析
这次题目用到的模块是LCD,LED,按键和ADC,没什么好说的都是常用模块,但是还是又不一样的东西,那就是LCD显示时有‘高亮’提醒 。
‘高亮’显示也比较容易实现。
LCD_SetBackColor(Green),这个函数是LCD库提供的设置背景颜色。只要使用了一次,那后面的背景色就默认都是选中的颜色,所以我们就在需要高亮显示的那一行前使用这个函数修改背景色,显示完后再把背景改回原来的颜色。
例如,题目中原来的背景色是白色,高亮显示是绿色。
if(0 == choice) LCD_SetBackColor(Green); sprintf(text," Max Volt: %.1fV ",Max); LCD_SHOW(2,text); LCD_SetBackColor(White);
说完了,那还是从CubeMX的配置开始吧。说明一下使用的新版开发板G431。
CubeMX配置
时钟配置完了,需要按下回车(Enter)来保存。
根据原理图配置GPIO引脚,其中lcd和led的引脚都设置为output,按键设置为input,PB15设置为ADC2的15通道,需要把PD2也设置为output用来作为led的锁存器。
在GPIO中选中按键的引脚,设置为上拉输入模式。
在GPIO中,选中led的引脚,设置为初始状态为高电平,推挽输出模式,既不上拉也不下拉。其他引脚使用默认设置就是行。
设置定时器3每10ms中断一次。
勾选ADC2的第15通道,其他设置默认就行。
设置项目名字和保存路径(建议不要有中文),以及IDE的版本。
勾选这个主要是让.c和.h文件单独分开,之后就可以生成代码了,CubeMX配置就完成了,如果之后想要添加新的模块或者修改配置好了模块的值,可以直接在文件中打开CubeMX的工程进行修改,改完后再点击GENERATE CODE就行了。
代码演示
main.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "lcd.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "show.h"
#include "timer.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
extern uint8_t btn; //按键值
float Volt = 0.0f,Max = 2.4f,Min = 1.2f;
uint8_t Up = 1,Low = 2; //Up是电压超过最大值的LED灯,Low是电压低于最小值的LED灯,不能相等
char Status[3][7] = {"Upper","Lower","Normal"};
uint8_t arrow = 0; //指向当前状态,0是Upper,1是Lower,2是Normal
bool jm = 0; //界面:0是数据显示界面,1是参数配置界面
uint8_t choice = 0; //高亮显示,选择参数项
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_ADC2_Init();
MX_TIM3_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
LCD_Init();
LCD_Clear(White);
LCD_SetBackColor(White);
LCD_SetTextColor(Blue);
HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim3);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
Volt = GetADC(&hadc2);
switch(btn)
{
case 1:
{
jm ^= 1;
LCD_Clear(White);
btn = 0;
}
break;
case 2:
{
if(1 == jm)
{
choice ++;
if(4 == choice)
choice = 0;
}
btn = 0;
}
break;
case 3:
{
if(1 == jm)
ADD(choice);
if(Up == Low) //如果Up的LED灯和Low的LED灯相等,被选择参数项就加一
ADD(choice);
btn = 0;
}
break;
case 4:
{
if(1 == jm)
SUB(choice);
if(Up == Low) //如果Up的LED灯和Low的LED灯相等,被选择参数项就减一
SUB(choice);
btn = 0;
}
break;
}
Infer();
LED_SHOW();
if(0 == jm)
Data();
else
Setting();
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
main.h
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.h
* @brief : Header for main.c file.
* This file contains the common defines of the application.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __MAIN_H
#define __MAIN_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm32g4xx_hal.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN ET */
/* USER CODE END ET */
/* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EC */
/* USER CODE END EC */
/* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EM */
/* USER CODE END EM */
/* Exported functions prototypes ---------------------------------------------*/
void Error_Handler(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN EFP */
/* USER CODE END EFP */
/* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/
#define key_Pin GPIO_PIN_0
#define key_GPIO_Port GPIOA
#define keyB0_Pin GPIO_PIN_0
#define keyB0_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define keyB1_Pin GPIO_PIN_1
#define keyB1_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define keyB2_Pin GPIO_PIN_2
#define keyB2_GPIO_Port GPIOB
/* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */
/* USER CODE END Private defines */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* __MAIN_H */
main.h中添加了几个头文件和define。
sys.c
#include "sys.h"
Btn key[4] = {0};
uint8_t btn = 0;
extern float Max,Min;
extern uint8_t Up,Low,arrow;
extern bool Up_flag,Low_flag; //Up的LED灯标志,Low的LED灯标志
void LED_SET(uint16_t Pin, GPIO_PinState PinState)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_All,GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,Pin,PinState);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}
void LED_SHOW(void)
{
if(1 == Up_flag)
LED_SET(GPIO_PIN_8<<(Up-1),GPIO_PIN_RESET);
else if(1 == Low_flag)
LED_SET(GPIO_PIN_8<<(Low-1),GPIO_PIN_RESET);
else
LED_SET(GPIO_PIN_All,GPIO_PIN_SET);
}
void KEY_Scan(void)
{
uint8_t i = 0;
key[0].press = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0);
key[1].press = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1);
key[2].press = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2);
key[3].press = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0);
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
switch(key[i].state)
{
case 0:
if(0 == key[i].press)
key[i].state = 1;
break;
case 1:
{
if(0 == key[i].press)
{
key[i].state = 2;
btn = i+1;
}
else
{
key[i].state = 0;
}
}
break;
case 2:
if(1 == key[i].press)
key[i].state = 0;
break;
}
}
}
void ADD(uint8_t choice)
{
switch(choice)
{
case 0:
{
Max += 0.3f;
if(Max>3.3f)
Max = 0.0f;
}
break;
case 1:
{
Min += 0.3f;
if(Min>3.3f)
Min = 0.0f;
}
break;
case 2:
{
Up++;
if(9 == Up)
Up = 1;
}
break;
case 3:
{
Low++;
if(9 == Low)
Low = 1;
}
break;
}
}
void SUB(uint8_t choice)
{
switch(choice)
{
case 0:
{
Max -= 0.3f;
if(Max<0.0f)
Max = 3.3f;
}
break;
case 1:
{
Min -= 0.3f;
if(Min<0.0f)
Min = 3.3f;
}
break;
case 2:
{
Up--;
if(0 == Up)
Up = 8;
}
break;
case 3:
{
Low--;
if(0 == Low)
Low = 8;
}
break;
}
}
sys.h
#ifndef __SYS_H
#define __SYS_H
#include "main.h"
typedef struct{
bool press;
uint8_t state;
}Btn;
void LED_SET(uint16_t Pin, GPIO_PinState PinState);
void LED_SHOW(void);
void KEY_Scan(void);
void ADD(uint8_t choice);
void SUB(uint8_t choice);
#endif
show.c
#include "show.h"
char text[21] = {0};
extern float Volt,Max,Min;
extern uint8_t Up,Low;
extern char Status[][7];
extern uint8_t arrow;
extern uint8_t choice;
void LCD_SHOW(u8 line,char *text)
{
LCD_DisplayStringLine(line*24,(u8 *)text);
}
void Data(void)
{
sprintf(text," Main ");
LCD_SHOW(1,text);
sprintf(text," Volt: %.2fV ",Volt);
LCD_SHOW(4,text);
sprintf(text," Status: %s ",Status[arrow]);
LCD_SHOW(5,text);
}
void Setting(void)
{
sprintf(text," Setting ");
LCD_SHOW(1,text);
if(0 == choice)
LCD_SetBackColor(Green);
else
LCD_SetBackColor(White);
sprintf(text," Max Volt: %.1fV ",Max);
LCD_SHOW(2,text);
if(1 == choice)
LCD_SetBackColor(Green);
else
LCD_SetBackColor(White);
sprintf(text," Min Volt: %.1fV ",Min);
LCD_SHOW(3,text);
if(2 == choice)
LCD_SetBackColor(Green);
else
LCD_SetBackColor(White);
sprintf(text," Upper: LD%d ",Up);
LCD_SHOW(4,text);
if(3 == choice)
LCD_SetBackColor(Green);
else
LCD_SetBackColor(White);
sprintf(text," Lower: LD%d ",Low);
LCD_SHOW(5,text);
LCD_SetBackColor(White);
}
float GetADC(ADC_HandleTypeDef *pin) //获取电压值
{
uint16_t adc;
HAL_ADC_Start(pin);
adc = HAL_ADC_GetValue(pin);
return adc*3.3/4096;
}
void Infer(void) //判断电压的状态
{
if(Volt>Max)
arrow = 0;
else if(Volt<Min)
arrow = 1;
else
arrow = 2;
}
show.h
#ifndef __SHOW_H
#define __SHOW_H
#include "main.h"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "sys.h"
void LCD_SHOW(u8 line,char *text);
void Data(void);
void Setting(void);
float GetADC(ADC_HandleTypeDef *pin);
void Infer(void);
#endif
timer.c
#include "timer.h"
uint8_t Up_Cnt = 0;
uint8_t Low_Cnt = 0;
bool Up_flag = 0,Low_flag = 0; //LED闪烁的标志位
extern uint8_t Up,Low,arrow;
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(TIM3 == htim->Instance)
{
KEY_Scan();
if(0 == arrow)
{
if(20 == ++Up_Cnt)
{
Up_Cnt = 0;
Up_flag ^= 1;
}
}
else
{
Up_Cnt = 0;
Up_flag = 0;
}
if(1 == arrow)
{
if(20 == ++Low_Cnt)
{
Low_Cnt = 0;
Low_flag ^= 1;
}
}
else
{
Low_Cnt = 0;
Low_flag = 0;
}
if(2 == arrow)
LED_SET(GPIO_PIN_All,GPIO_PIN_SET);
}
}
timer.h
#ifndef __TIMER_H
#define __TIMER_H
#include "main.h"
#include "sys.h"
#endif
以上就是我修改过的文件和新添加的文件。还有lcd模块,不过不需要我们自己写,官方有提供,直接复制过来就行,注意有三个文件,别只复制lcd.c和lcd.h。
文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-410184.html
第十届的程序设计题是不难,只要逻辑正确就比较容易。 好了,以上就是蓝桥杯嵌入式第十届省赛的题目解析了,如果有什么问题和建议都欢迎在评论区提出来喔。 文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-410184.html
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