kubernetes获取客户端真实ip

kubernetes获取客户端真实ip

一、导言

大部分的业务场景都需要获取客户端的ip来审计或采取措施，文章从nodeport暴露方式获取真实ip到ingress-nginx获取真实ip

二、问题梳理

初学者用k8s创建时暴露方式一般采用nodeport,这样方式暴露导致应用负载和访问者并不是同一段网络，当web服务获取客户端ip的时候会发现获取到的ip是k8s网关的ip。

三、Nodeport方式获取真实ip

负载以nodeport方式暴露的时候，系统默认使用clusterIP来实现端口暴露通过k8s网关转发到k8s的各个node节点，这些实现了容器pod随便调度到那个节点都能够通过nodeport正常访问，我们可以通过修改负载的服务将Cluster改成Local，访问的时候就通过负载所在node节点访问。
但是改成Local会造成负载没有实现负载均衡，且一旦节点挂掉或者负载重启，在未设置亲和性的情况下，就会导致服务不能访问。

四、Ingress-nginx获取真实ip

在nodeport暴露方式上会使得服务出现后果这样我们改用ingress-nginx方式来代理后端负载将nginx的服务改为Local节点避免了重启负载导致服务访问不了等情况
搭建ingress-nginx

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: nginx-configuration
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: tcp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: udp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: default-http-backend
  labels:
    app: default-http-backend
  namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: default-http-backend
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
       app: default-http-backend
    spec:
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
      containers:
      - name: default-http-backend
        image:  registry.cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes_xingej/defaultbackend-amd64:1.5      #建议提前在node节点下载镜像；
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /healthz
            port: 8080
            scheme: HTTP
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        resources:
         # 这里调整了cpu和memory的大小，可能不同集群限制的最小值不同，看部署失败的原因就清楚
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: default-http-backend
  # namespace: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app: default-http-backend
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app: default-http-backend
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - endpoints
      - nodes
      - pods
      - secrets
    verbs:
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - services
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - events
    verbs:
      - create
      - patch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
      - "networking.k8s.io"
    resources:
      - ingresses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
      - "networking.k8s.io"
    resources:
      - ingresses/status
    verbs:
      - update
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - pods
      - secrets
      - namespaces
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    resourceNames:
      # Defaults to "<election-id>-<ingress-class>"
      # Here: "<ingress-controller-leader>-<nginx>"
      # This has to be adapted if you change either parameter
      # when launching the nginx-ingress-controller.
      - "ingress-controller-leader-nginx"
    verbs:
      - get
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    verbs:
      - create
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - endpoints
    verbs:
      - get
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role-nisa-binding
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: nginx-ingress-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole-nisa-binding
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/port: "10254"
        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    spec:
      # wait up to five minutes for the drain of connections
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
      serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      containers:
        - name: nginx-ingress-controller
          image: suisrc/ingress-nginx:0.30.0   #建议提前在node节点下载镜像；
          args:
            - /nginx-ingress-controller
            - --default-backend-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/default-http-backend
            - --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-configuration
            - --tcp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/tcp-services
            - --udp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/udp-services
            - --publish-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx
            - --annotations-prefix=nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            # www-data -> 101
            runAsUser: 101
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
              protocol: TCP
            - name: https
              containerPort: 443
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 10
          readinessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 10
          lifecycle:
            preStop:
              exec:
                command:
                  - /wait-shutdown
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  limits:
  - min:
      memory: 90Mi
      cpu: 100m
    type: Container
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
      protocol: TCP
      # HTTP
      nodePort: 32080
    - name: https
      port: 443
      targetPort: 443
      protocol: TCP
     # HTTPS
      nodePort: 32443
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

修改建好的ingress-nginx的service

五、验证

通过whoami探针来检查是否能获取到真实ip
创建一个whoami探针

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  annotations: {}
  labels:
    app: whoami
    k8s.kuboard.cn/name: whoami
  name: whoami
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: '62425302'
spec:
  progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: whoami
  strategy:
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 25%
      maxUnavailable: 25%
    type: RollingUpdate
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        app: whoami
    spec:
      containers:
        - image: 'whoami:latest'
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          name: whoami
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80
              name: 80tcp02
              protocol: TCP
          resources: {}
          terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
          terminationMessagePolicy: File
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
      restartPolicy: Always
      schedulerName: default-scheduler
      securityContext: {}
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubesphere.io/alias-name: whoami
    kubesphere.io/creator: admin
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/qingcloud-load-balancer-eip-ids: ''
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/qingcloud-load-balancer-type: '0'
    servicemesh.kubesphere.io/enabled: 'false'
  labels:
    app: whoami
  name: whoami
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: '55131619'
spec:
  clusterIP: 10.233.57.122
  externalTrafficPolicy: Cluster
  ports:
    - name: http-whoami
      nodePort: 34512
      port: 80
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: whoami
  sessionAffinity: None
  type: LoadBalancer

---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations: {}
  labels:
    app: whoami
    k8s.kuboard.cn/name: whoami
  name: whoami
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: '63303500'
spec:
  ingressClassName: nginx
  rules:
    - host: www.whoami.com
      http:
        paths:
          - backend:
              serviceName: whoami
              servicePort: 80
            path: /
            pathType: ImplementationSpecific

游览器访问whoami的域名
改之前

改之后

就能看到真实ip已经传回X-Forwarded-For里面这样我们的服务获取http的 X-Forwarded-For这个参数就能获取到客户端的真实ip文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-427926.html

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