🔻一、知道密码情况–修改root密码
⛳ 1.1 方式1：alter 命令修改
- 🍁 通过
alter user root identified by '新密码';
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'Zyl@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
⛳ 1.2 方式2：set password命令修改
- 🍁 通过
set password for 用户名@'用户地址' = '新密码';
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' = 'Zyl@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
🔻二、忘记密码情况-修改root密码
⛳ 2.1 方式1：--init-file选项启动mysql
2.1.1 🎈 停止mysql服务
[root@db-server ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@db-server ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Wed 2023-06-07 11:11:00 CST; 51min ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 2450 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Process: 2426 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2450 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Status: "Server shutdown complete"
Error: 13 (Permission denied)
Jun 07 11:11:00 db-server systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jun 07 11:11:00 db-server systemd[1]: mysqld.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jun 07 11:11:00 db-server systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Server.
Jun 07 11:11:00 db-server systemd[1]: Unit mysqld.service entered failed state.
Jun 07 11:11:00 db-server systemd[1]: mysqld.service failed.
[root@db-server ~]#
2.1.2 🎈 创建mysql-init-file.txt文件
[root@db-server home]# touch init-file
[root@db-server home]# vi init-file
[root@db-server home]# cat init-file
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Zyl@123321';
[root@db-server home]# pwd
/home
[root@db-server home]#
2.1.3 🎈 init-file的权限（最好赋权一下）
[root@db-server home]# chmod 777 init-file
[root@db-server home]# chown mysql:mysql init-file
[root@db-server home]# ll
total 4
-rwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 58 Jun 7 15:56 init-file
[root@db-server home]#
2.1.3 🎈 使用–init-file选项启动mysql服务
###启动命令####
mysqld --init-file=/home/init-file --user=mysql &
[root@db-server ~]# mysqld --init-file=/home/init-file --user=mysql &
[1] 1983
[root@db-server ~]#
2.1.4 🎈 新密码连接测试（密码：Zyl@123321）
mysql -u root -pZyl@123321
2.1.5 🎈停止init-file启动的mysql进程并正常启动
[root@db-server home]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql 1983 1 1 16:28 ? 00:00:13 mysqld --init-file=/home/init-file --user=mysql
root 2104 2048 0 16:50 pts/1 00:00:00 systemctl start mysqld
mysql 2134 1 1 16:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
root 2150 2048 0 16:50 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@db-server home]# kill -9 1983
####正常启动mysql###
[root@db-server home]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@db-server home]# systemctl status mysqld
2.1.5 🎈 登录之后即可在mysql命令行修改为其他常用密码（此时知道密码情况–修改root密码）
- 🍁 通过
alter user root identified by '新密码';
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'Zyl@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
- 🍁 通过
set password for 用户名@'用户地址' = '新密码';
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' = 'Zyl@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
⛳ 2.2 方式2：使用skip-grant-tables 参数，跳过授权验证
-
--skip-grant-tables：跳过授权表认证 -
--skip-networking：加了跳过授权表选项后所有的人都可以无密码登录，这是很不安全的，此选项不监听网络，防止恶意登录。
2.2.1 🎈 停止mysql服务
[root@db-server ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
2.2.2 🎈 通过--skip-grant-tables 参数启动mysql服务
[root@db-server ~]# sudo mysqld --skip-grant-tables --user=mysql &
[1] 2531
[root@db-server ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2.2.3 🎈 或者通过my.cnf 文件配置skip-grant-tables 参数启动mysql服务
注：修改完密码之后，去除该参数--以便保障数据库安全性。
[root@db-server ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
####添加内容：
skip-grant-tables
- 启动mysql
[root@db-server home]# systemctl start mysqld
文章来源：https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-478290.html
- 🍁 通过
alter user root identified by '新密码';
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'Zyl@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
- 🍁 通过
set password for 用户名@'用户地址' = '新密码';
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' = 'Zyl@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
注：修改完密码之后，去除 skip-grant-tables 参数--以便保障数据库安全性。文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-478290.html
🔻三、总结—温故知新
❓ 本篇文章详细介绍了在linux中忘记mysql的root用户密码修改步骤。
❓ 温馨提示：不管是工作中，还是学习中，要养成备份的习惯，不要觉得太麻烦，或者觉得没必要，不要存在侥幸心理。
❓ 人有的时候总觉得很多事可以偷懒，但是有时候又要为自己的偷懒付出更大的代价。
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