【WinForm项目】C#模拟交通信号灯|WinForm交通红绿灯

前言

交通信号灯十字路口通行原理图。

实际上归类为四大类：

• 南北双向直行
• 东西双向直行
• 一对黑色粗线的左转
• 一对红色粗线的左转。
  
  状态逻辑图如下图所示：
• 假定通行顺序为：南北直行、南北左转、东西直行、东西左转。
• 南北行人只在南北车流绿灯和黄灯的时候可以通行，东西人行同理。
• 假设绿灯25s，黄灯5s，这二者决定红灯的时间。
• 四大类方向30s切换一次，总共循环为120s。
• 南北、东西行人通行时间一次循环内分别为30s。
  

一、运行效果

• 点击开始：

进入120s的整个循环中，第一部分南北直行绿灯在25s后变为黄灯持续5s，然后为红灯；第二部分南北左转灯对应变为绿灯并进行倒计时，然后黄灯，红灯；第三部分就是东西直行的绿灯黄灯红灯，第四部分是东西左转的绿黄红切换。

• 南北向、东西向行人在对应的时间切换绿灯和红灯。

• 停止按钮，停止计数器的计时。

• 思路：1秒的定时器计算时间，到了对应的时间阶段，触发界面的状态变化和倒计时。详情见代码。

二、界面设计

控件和命名图片中标出了同系列的第一个，其余的根据方向类推命名。

三、代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;

namespace TrafficLight
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        int time = 0;//计时器
        const int MAX_LOOP_TIME = 120;//120s时间为一次循环

        //以下时间段分别为：南北直行绿灯25，南北直行黄灯5,南北左转绿灯25,南北左转黄灯5,东西直行绿灯25,东西直行黄灯5,东西左转绿灯25,东西左转黄灯5
        int[] PassTime={25, 30, 55, 60, 85, 90, 115, 120};
        
        //事件委托的方式触发
        public delegate void delegateTrafficLight(int tm);
        public event delegateTrafficLight EventTrafficLight;


        private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            timer1.Start();

            //Thread threadLightChg = new Thread(LightChange);
            //threadLightChg.Start();
        }

        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            timer1.Stop();
        }

        private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //计时开始，进入循环,120s为一次循环
            if (time < MAX_LOOP_TIME - 1)  //119秒后置为0秒
            {
                time += 1;
                if (EventTrafficLight != null)
                {
                    EventTrafficLight(time);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                time = 0;
                if (EventTrafficLight != null)
                {
                    EventTrafficLight(time);
                }

                txtStoN.Clear();
                txtNtoS.Clear();
                txtWtoE.Clear();
                txtEtoW.Clear();
            }

        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.EventTrafficLight += new delegateTrafficLight(LightChange);
        }

        public void LightChange(int time)
        {
            if (time < PassTime[0])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Green;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                //倒计时
                txtStoN.Text = (PassTime[0] - time).ToString();
                txtNtoS.Text = (PassTime[0] - time).ToString();

            }
            else if (time >= PassTime[0] && time < PassTime[1])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Yellow;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Yellow;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Green;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                //倒计时
                txtStoN.Text = (PassTime[1] - time - 1).ToString();
                txtNtoS.Text = (PassTime[1] - time - 1).ToString();
            }
            else if (time >= PassTime[1] && time < PassTime[2])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Green;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Green;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                //倒计时
                txtStoN.Text = (PassTime[2] - time - 1).ToString();
                txtNtoS.Text = (PassTime[2] - time - 1).ToString();
            }
            else if (time >= PassTime[2] && time < PassTime[3])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Yellow;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Yellow;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                //倒计时
                txtStoN.Text = (PassTime[3] - time - 1).ToString();
                txtNtoS.Text = (PassTime[3] - time - 1).ToString();
            }
            else if (time >= PassTime[3] && time < PassTime[4])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Green;

                //倒计时
                txtWtoE.Text = (PassTime[4] - time - 1).ToString();
                txtEtoW.Text = (PassTime[4] - time - 1).ToString();
            }
            else if (time >= PassTime[4] && time < PassTime[5])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Yellow;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Yellow;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Green;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Green;

                //倒计时
                txtWtoE.Text = (PassTime[5] - time - 1).ToString();
                txtEtoW.Text = (PassTime[5] - time - 1).ToString();
            }
            else if (time >= PassTime[5] && time < PassTime[6])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Green;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Green;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                //倒计时
                txtWtoE.Text = (PassTime[6] - time - 1).ToString();
                txtEtoW.Text = (PassTime[6] - time - 1).ToString();
            }
            else if (time >= PassTime[6])
            {
                lbStoNStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbStoNLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbNtoSStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbNtoSLeft.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbWtoEStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbWtoELeft.BackColor = Color.Yellow;

                lbEtoWStraight.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbEtoWLeft.BackColor = Color.Yellow;

                lbPeopleNS1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleNS4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                lbPeopleWE1.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE2.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE3.BackColor = Color.Red;
                lbPeopleWE4.BackColor = Color.Red;

                //倒计时
                txtWtoE.Text = (MAX_LOOP_TIME - time - 1).ToString();
                txtEtoW.Text = (MAX_LOOP_TIME - time - 1).ToString();
            }
        }
    }

   
}

总结

重在理解交通信号灯的原理。

代码重点：文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-494539.html

• 使用了定时器
• 使用了委托事件的触发方式
• 对常量和公共数组的应用
• 变量命名规范、代码整洁

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