一、前言
在Android中实现录像功能,高版本Android和低版本Android的API使用方式不同。本文以Android4.4系统为基础,简单的列举一下实现过程。
二、步骤
要在 Android 4.4 中实现录像功能,可按照以下步骤进行操作:
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在布局文件中添加一个 SurfaceView 控件,作为预览画面的容器。
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获取 Camera 对象,并设置参数配置和预览界面。
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创建一个 MediaRecorder 对象,并设置相关参数,如编码方式、分辨率、帧率等。同时,还需要指定输出文件的路径和格式。
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在录像开始前,先调用 Camera 的 stopPreview() 方法停止预览,然后调用 MediaRecorder 的 prepare() 方法进行初始化。
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开始录像,调用 MediaRecorder 的 start() 方法开始录制视频。
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结束录像,调用 MediaRecorder 的 stop() 方法停止录制。然后记得要释放 MediaRecorder 对象。
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最后,再调用 Camera 的 startPreview() 方法重新开始预览。
三、代码实现
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布局等相关文件实现
布局里面包含一个SurfaceView组件和Button组件,activity_main.xml文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/container" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <SurfaceView android:id="@+id/surface_view" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_record" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_marginBottom="16dp" android:text="@string/record_start" android:onClick="onClick"/> </RelativeLayout>
strings.xml文件,用于字符串操作,实现如下:
<resources> <string name="app_name">Record</string> <string name="record_start">录制</string> <string name="record_stop">停止</string> </resources>
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具体代码实现
新建一个MainActivity.java文件,实现如下:
package com.example.record; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.hardware.Camera; import android.media.MediaRecorder; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; import android.view.SurfaceHolder; import android.view.SurfaceView; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; public class MainActivity extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback { private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; // 默认为true private static boolean mIsRecording = false; private Button mRecordButton = null; private SurfaceView mSurfaceView = null; private SurfaceHolder mSurfaceHolder = null; private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder = null; private Camera mCamera = null; private static final int MSG_UPDATE_BUTTON_TEXT = 0x00; @SuppressLint("HandlerLeak") private Handler mHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); switch (msg.what) { case MSG_UPDATE_BUTTON_TEXT: if (mRecordButton != null) { mRecordButton.setText(String.valueOf(msg.obj)); } break; default: break; } } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Log.d(TAG, "onCreate"); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy"); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy"); if (mIsRecording) { stopRecording(); } } // 初始化View 组件 private void initView() { Log.d(TAG, "initView"); if (mRecordButton == null) { mRecordButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_record); } if (mSurfaceView == null) { mSurfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.surface_view); if (mSurfaceHolder == null) { mSurfaceHolder = mSurfaceView.getHolder(); mSurfaceHolder.addCallback(this); } } } public void onClick(View view) { // 开始录制 if (!mIsRecording) { mIsRecording = true; if (mHandler != null) { Message msg = new Message(); msg.what = MSG_UPDATE_BUTTON_TEXT; msg.obj = getText(R.string.record_stop); mHandler.dispatchMessage(msg); startRecording(); } } else { // 停止录制 mIsRecording = false; if (mHandler != null) { Message msg = new Message(); msg.what = MSG_UPDATE_BUTTON_TEXT; msg.obj = getText(R.string.record_start); mHandler.dispatchMessage(msg); stopRecording(); } } } @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { Log.d(TAG, "surfaceCreated"); mCamera = openCamera(); } @Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { Log.d(TAG, "surfaceChanged"); if (mCamera != null && mSurfaceHolder != null) { try { mCamera.stopPreview(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters(); mCamera.setParameters(parameters); try { mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mSurfaceHolder); mCamera.startPreview(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } @Override public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { Log.d(TAG, "surfaceDestroyed"); releaseCamera(); } // 打开相机 private Camera openCamera() { Camera camera; try { camera = Camera.open(0); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); Log.e(TAG, "open camera failed!!"); return null; } Log.d(TAG, "open camera success!!"); return camera; } // 销毁相机 private void releaseCamera() { if (mCamera != null) { mCamera.stopPreview(); mCamera.release(); mCamera = null; } } private void startRecording() { if (mCamera == null) { Log.e(TAG, "startRecording, mCamera is null"); return; } mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(); mCamera.unlock(); mMediaRecorder.setCamera(mCamera); mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.CAMCORDER); mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA); mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4); mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC); mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264); mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(3 * 1024 * 1024); mMediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(30); mMediaRecorder.setVideoSize(1280, 960); String saveName = getOutputMediaFileName(); if (saveName == null) { Log.e(TAG, "save media file error: " + saveName); return; } mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(saveName); try { mMediaRecorder.prepare(); mMediaRecorder.start(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void stopRecording() { if (mMediaRecorder != null) { try { mMediaRecorder.stop(); mMediaRecorder.release(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } mMediaRecorder = null; mCamera.lock(); } mIsRecording = false; } private String getOutputMediaFileName() { String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState(); // Check if external storage is mounted if (!Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) { Log.e(TAG, "External storage is not mounted!"); return null; } File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory( Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM), ""); // Create the storage directory if it does not exist if (!mediaStorageDir.exists()) { if (!mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()) { Log.e(TAG, "Failed to create directory " + mediaStorageDir.getPath() + " for pictures/video!"); return null; } } // Create a media file name @SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat") String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date()); String mediaFileName = mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator + "VID_" + timeStamp + ".mp4"; return mediaFileName; } }
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AndroidManifest.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.record"> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" /> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" /> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" /> <!-- 存储相关权限,如果需要将视频保存到相册 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
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Android.mk文件
有时候需要将apk放置AOSP源码中编译,Android.mk文件如下:
LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-java-files-under, java) LOCAL_RESOURCE_DIR := $(LOCAL_PATH)/res LOCAL_MANIFEST_FILE := AndroidManifest.xml LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := Record ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES += $(LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME) #LOCAL_SDK_VERSION := current LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := platform #LOCAL_PRIVILEGED_MODULE := true include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
四、注意事项
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在使用 Camera 时,必须在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中添加 CAMERA、存储等相关 权限。
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在录像结束后,需要及时释放资源,避免占用过多的系统资源。文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-498930.html
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由于不同设备品牌的摄像头硬件和软件实现有所差异,因此在不同设备上的录像效果可能会有所不同。文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-498930.html
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