有时候我们需要跨编程语言进行加密加密。比如nodejs里面加密,java里面解密,或者反过来java加密,nodejs解密。node可以使用cryptojs,java可以使用javax.crypto.Cipher包。
网上有很多关于这方面的文章。然而如果node使用了默认的参数进行加密(比如现有业务已经生成了一些已经加密的数据),需要java进行解密,这时候按照默认的方法就无法正常解密了。一般的aes加密使用的是16位的key,而cryptojs默认的key可以任意长度。
cryptoJS.AES默认参数加密代码:
const cryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
const encryptedValue = cryptoJS.AES.encrypt(value, secret).toString()
对应的java解密的示例代码:
try {
byte[] cipherData = cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64.decode(encryptedText);
byte[] saltData = Arrays.copyOfRange(cipherData, 8, 16);
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
final byte[][] keyAndIV = GenerateKeyAndIV(32, 16, 1, saltData, secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), md5);
SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(keyAndIV[0], "AES");
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(keyAndIV[1]);
byte[] encrypted = Arrays.copyOfRange(cipherData, 16, cipherData.length);
Cipher aesCBC = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
aesCBC.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, iv);
byte[] decryptedData = aesCBC.doFinal(encrypted);
return new String(decryptedData, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
} catch (Exception e) {
//log.error("aesDecrypt error.param={}", encryptedText, e);
return null;
}
以上代码来自参考自:https://www.pianshen.com/question/31931314701/
上面只是演示了如何进行node加密,java解密;而java默认加密的值,node也是无法解密的,需要采用以下写法。文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-506630.html
java加密示例代码
try {
byte[] input = datastr.getBytes();
// 以下两个变量不可修改,否则java加密的,node无法解密
byte[] saltData = "DFބf$t:".getBytes();
byte[] preData = "Salted__".getBytes();
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
final byte[][] keyAndIV = GenerateKeyAndIV(32, 16, 1, saltData, secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), md5);
SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(keyAndIV[0], "AES");
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(keyAndIV[1]);
Cipher aesCBC = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
aesCBC.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, iv);
byte[] encrypt = aesCBC.doFinal(input);
byte[] encryptedData = addBytes(saltData, encrypt);
return cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64.encode(addBytes(preData, encryptedData));
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("aesEncrypt error.param={}", datastr, e);
return null;
}
上述代码亲测有效,使用前可以自己测试测试文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-506630.html
对应的node解密示例代码
const cryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
let decryptedValue = cryptoJS.AES.decrypt(value, secret).toString(cryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
完整代码示例
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.DigestException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
*
* 兼容node
*
*/
@Slf4j
public class AESUtils {
public static String aesEncrypt(String datastr, String secret) {
try {
byte[] input = datastr.getBytes();
// 以下两个变量不可修改,否则java加密的,node无法解密
byte[] saltData = "DFބf$t:".getBytes();
byte[] preData = "Salted__".getBytes();
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
final byte[][] keyAndIV = GenerateKeyAndIV(32, 16, 1, saltData, secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), md5);
SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(keyAndIV[0], "AES");
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(keyAndIV[1]);
Cipher aesCBC = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
aesCBC.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, iv);
byte[] encrypt = aesCBC.doFinal(input);
byte[] encryptedData = addBytes(saltData, encrypt);
return cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64.encode(addBytes(preData, encryptedData));
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("aesEncrypt error.param={}", datastr, e);
return null;
}
}
public static String aesDecrypt(String encryptedText, String secret){
// 参考文章:https://www.pianshen.com/question/31931314701/
try {
byte[] cipherData = cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64.decode(encryptedText);
byte[] saltData = Arrays.copyOfRange(cipherData, 8, 16);
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
final byte[][] keyAndIV = GenerateKeyAndIV(32, 16, 1, saltData, secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), md5);
SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(keyAndIV[0], "AES");
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(keyAndIV[1]);
byte[] encrypted = Arrays.copyOfRange(cipherData, 16, cipherData.length);
Cipher aesCBC = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
aesCBC.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, iv);
byte[] decryptedData = aesCBC.doFinal(encrypted);
return new String(decryptedData, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("aesDecrypt error.param={}", encryptedText, e);
return null;
}
}
public static byte[][] GenerateKeyAndIV(int keyLength, int ivLength, int iterations, byte[] salt, byte[] password, MessageDigest md) {
int digestLength = md.getDigestLength();
int requiredLength = (keyLength + ivLength + digestLength - 1) / digestLength * digestLength;
byte[] generatedData = new byte[requiredLength];
int generatedLength = 0;
try {
md.reset();
// Repeat process until sufficient data has been generated
while (generatedLength < keyLength + ivLength) {
// Digest data (last digest if available, password data, salt if available)
if (generatedLength > 0)
md.update(generatedData, generatedLength - digestLength, digestLength);
md.update(password);
if (salt != null)
md.update(salt, 0, 8);
md.digest(generatedData, generatedLength, digestLength);
// additional rounds
for (int i = 1; i < iterations; i++) {
md.update(generatedData, generatedLength, digestLength);
md.digest(generatedData, generatedLength, digestLength);
}
generatedLength += digestLength;
}
// Copy key and IV into separate byte arrays
byte[][] result = new byte[2][];
result[0] = Arrays.copyOfRange(generatedData, 0, keyLength);
if (ivLength > 0)
result[1] = Arrays.copyOfRange(generatedData, keyLength, keyLength + ivLength);
return result;
} catch (DigestException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
// Clean out temporary data
Arrays.fill(generatedData, (byte)0);
}
}
public static byte[] addBytes(byte[] data1, byte[] data2) {
byte[] data3 = new byte[data1.length + data2.length];
System.arraycopy(data1, 0, data3, 0, data1.length);
System.arraycopy(data2, 0, data3, data1.length, data2.length);
return data3;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String secret = "aabbccddeeff";
String datastr = "{\"m\":\"images\",\"u\":\"0\",\"t\":\"20230322\",\"f\":\"16794597950146230.png\"}";
String t = aesEncrypt(datastr, secret);
System.out.println(t);
System.out.println(aesDecrypt(t, secret));
}
}
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