前提条件:
修改elasticsearch的配置文件elasticsearch.yml:
# 配置示例
path.repo: ["/data/es/snapshot"]
创建备份仓库:
# curl命令如下
curl -XPOST '192.168.0.100:9200/_snapshot/bro_backup' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d \
'{
"type": "fs",
"settings": {
"location": "/data/es/snapshot",
"compress": true,
"chunk_size": "1g",
"max_snapshot_bytes_per_sec": "50m",
"max_restore_bytes_per_sec": "50m"
}
}'
# max_snapshot_bytes_per_sec 和max_restore_bytes_per_sec 为了限制备份和恢复时的速度
# 如果新建仓库的时候报错 "reason": "failed to create blob container" access_denied_exception 请检查/data/es/snapshot文件夹权限
备份数据:
curl -XPUT "192.168.0.100:9200/_snapshot/bro_backup/ss_2022100905?wait_for_completion=true"
# 如果不希望快照作为后台进程运行,可以通过添加wait_for_completion=true参数,使其在前台运行,知道备份完成。
# 如果想备份部分索引,可以加上indices 参数
curl -XPUT http://192.168.0.100:9200/_snapshot/bro_backup/ss_2022100905 -d '
{
"indices": "index_1,index_2"
}'
中止备份:
#
curl -XDELETE http://192.168.0.100:9200/_snapshot/bro_backup/ss_2022100905
查看备份信息:
#
curl -XGET http://192.168.0.100:9200/_snapshot/bro_backup/ss_2022100905
恢复数据:
恢复前准备:
将备份数据打包传到新机器上,并解压到/data/es/snapshot目录下
1. 修改配置
path.repo:["/data/backup/elasticsearch"],
2. 创建备份仓库
curl -XPOST 'http://192.168.0.200:9200/_snapshot/bro_backup' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '{
"type": "fs",
"settings": {
"location": "/data/es/snapshot",
"compress": true,
"chunk_size": "1g",
"max_snapshot_bytes_per_sec": "50m",
"max_restore_bytes_per_sec": "50m"
}
}'
3. 恢复数据
curl -XPOST '192.168.0.200:9200/_snapshot/bro_backup/ss_20220905/_restore' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d'{ "ignore_unavailable": true, "include_global_state": false }'
如果只想恢复某些分片的数据,还可以在json参数里加{"indices": "game_info"},以指定只恢复game_info分片数据。
4. 查看恢复的分片数据
curl '192.168.0.200:9200/_cat/indices?v'
# elasticsearch快照方式备份和恢复
1. 配置elasticsearch.yml快照存储位置
```yaml
path.repo: ["/data/backups/my_backup"]
```
配置添加后需要重启elasticsearch
2. 注册仓库
```bash
curl -XPUT ' http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup' -d '{
"type":"fs",
"settings":{
"location":"/data/backups/my_backup",
"compress":"true"
}
}'
```
3. 查看仓库信息
```bash
curl -XGET ' http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup?pretty'
{
"my_backup" : {
"type" : "fs",
"settings" : {
"compress" : "true", # 指定是否对快照文件进行压缩. 默认是 true.
"location" : "/data/backups/my_backup" #指定快照的存储位置。必需要有
}
}
}
```
4. 删除仓库
```bash
curl -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup'
```
5. 建立快照
同一个集群中,一个仓库中能够存放多个快照。快照在集群中的名称是惟一的
```bash
#全部索引进行快照:
curl -XPUT "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1?wait_for_completion=true?pretty"
#某个索引进行快照:
curl -XPUT "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1?wait_for_completion=true?pretty" -d '{"indices":"customer"}'
```
6. 恢复快照
(恢复的意思是经过接口删除节点中的索引,不是删除备份的快照)
```bash
#恢复全部索引:
curl -XPOST "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1/_restore?wait_for_completion=true"
#恢复某个索引:
curl -XPOST "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1/_restore?wait_for_completion=true" -d '{"indices":"customer","ignore_unavailable":"true"}'
#注意:
#快照恢复前须要关掉索引
curl -XPOST "localhost:9200/my_index/_close"
curl -XPOST "localhost:9200/customer/_close"
#开启索引
curl -XPOST "localhost:9200/my_index/_open"
#查看索引状态
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
curl -XGET "localhost:9200/_recovery/"
```
7. 查看快照状态信息
```bash
#a.列出全部当前正在运行的快照以及显示他们的详细状态信息
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_snapshot/_status?pretty'
#b.查看指定仓库正在运行的快照以及显示他们的详细状态信息
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/_status?pretty'
#c.查看指定快照的详细状态信息即便不是正在运行
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1/_status?pretty'
#d.支持同时指定多个快照ID查看多个快照的信息
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1,snapshot_2/_status?pretty'
```
参考资料:
Elasticsearch使用:Snapshot备份与恢复 - 腾讯云开发者社区-腾讯云
ES集群数据迁移 - 简书
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/snapshot-restore.html文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-519343.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/koktlzz/p/14521583.html文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-519343.html
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