作为机器人工程专业的废柴，学完学校教的简单python后，安排的大作业，利用pygame编写一个完整的游戏。是指自己动手参照《python从入门到实践》中的外星人入侵的游戏改写而来。
Tips：利用pygame调用图片编写游戏程序是记得要抠图！！！
完成程序文件及相关图片已存入gitee仓库中：
https://gitee.com/wang-wenyu-312/python.git
以下分别是游戏的开始界面、游戏运行界面、游戏结束界面的截图。
主程序代码：
元宝多多.py
import sys
import pygame
import random
from button import Button
from scoreboard import Scoreboard
from cornucopia import Cornucopia
from settings import Settings, GameStats
from money import Baoxiang, Bomb, Yuanbao_L, Yuanbao_S, Zuanshi
class Game():
def __init__(self):
pygame.init()
self.settings = Settings()
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.settings.screen_width,self.settings.screen_height))
self.screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
pygame.display.set_caption("元宝多多")
self.colock = pygame.time.Clock()
self.cornucopia = Cornucopia(self)
#小元宝的精灵容器
self.yuanbao_S = pygame.sprite.Group()
#大元宝的精灵容器
self.yuanbao_L = pygame.sprite.Group()
#钻石的精灵容器
self.zuanshi = pygame.sprite.Group()
#宝箱的精灵容器
self.baoxiang = pygame.sprite.Group()
#炸弹的精灵容器
self.bomb = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.stats = GameStats(self)
self.play_button = Button(self,'play')
self.exit_button = Button(self,'exit')
self.restart_button = Button(self,'restart')
self.score = Scoreboard(self)
def run_game(self):
'''开始游戏的主循环'''
while True:
self._check_events()
self.colock.tick(90)
if self.stats.game_active == 1:
self._check_events()
self._money_score_grade_ctrl()
self._update_screen()
def _update_screen(self):
'''更新屏幕显示，显示函数的位置顺序不能随意更改'''
self.screen.blit(self.settings.background_image,self.settings.background_image.get_rect())
self.cornucopia.blitme()
self.yuanbao_S.draw(self.screen)
self.yuanbao_L.draw(self.screen)
self.zuanshi.draw(self.screen)
self.baoxiang.draw(self.screen)
self.bomb.draw(self.screen)
self.cornucopia.update()
self.score.show_score()
#如果游戏处于非活动状态,就显示Play按钮
if self.stats.game_active == 0:
self.play_button.draw_button()
if self.stats.game_active == 2:
self.score.prep_over()
self.exit_button.draw_button()
self.restart_button.draw_button()
pygame.display.flip()
'''鼠标或按键响应'''
def _check_events(self):
'''响应按键和鼠标事件'''
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
elif event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN:
self._check_keydown_events(event)
elif event.type==pygame.KEYUP:
self._check_keyup_events(event)
elif event.type==pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_pos=pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if self.stats.game_active == 0:
self._check_play_button(mouse_pos)
elif self.stats.game_active == 2:
self._check_restart_button(mouse_pos)
self._check_exit_button(mouse_pos)
def _check_keydown_events(self,event):
'''响应按下按键'''
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
self.cornucopia.moving_right=True
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
self.cornucopia.moving_left=True
elif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
sys.exit()
def _check_keyup_events(self,event):
'''响应松开按键'''
if event.key==pygame.K_RIGHT:
self.cornucopia.moving_right=False
elif event.key==pygame.K_LEFT:
self.cornucopia.moving_left=False
def _money_score_grade_ctrl(self):
'''money的生成和管理控制'''
self._check_corn_capture()
self._money_move()
self._check_get_score()
self._up_grade()
self._check_crash_bomb()
self.score.check_highest_score()
def _creat_money(self):
'''创建money的群'''
#向小元宝精灵容器中添加小元宝精灵
for i in range(0,5*self.stats.level+1):
yuanbao_s = Yuanbao_S(self)
yuanbao_s.x = random.randint(0,self.settings.screen_width-30)
yuanbao_s.y = random.randint(-self.settings.screen_height,-10)
yuanbao_s.rect.x = yuanbao_s.x
yuanbao_s.rect.y = yuanbao_s.y
self.yuanbao_S.add(yuanbao_s)
if self.stats.level > 1:
#向大元宝精灵容器中添加大元宝精灵
for i in range(0,2*self.stats.level+1):
yuanbao_l =Yuanbao_L(self)
yuanbao_l.x = random.randint(0,self.settings.screen_width-60)
yuanbao_l.y = random.randint(-self.settings.screen_height,-10)
yuanbao_l.rect.x = yuanbao_l.x
yuanbao_l.rect.y = yuanbao_l.y
self.yuanbao_L.add(yuanbao_l)
if self.stats.level > 3:
#向钻石精灵容器、炸弹精灵容器中分别添加添加钻石精灵和炸弹精灵
for i in range(0,int((self.stats.level+1)/3)):
zuanshi = Zuanshi(self)
zuanshi.x = random.randint(0,self.settings.screen_width-60)
zuanshi.y = random.randint(-self.settings.screen_height,-10)
zuanshi.rect.x = zuanshi.x
zuanshi.rect.y = zuanshi.y
self.zuanshi.add(zuanshi)
bomb = Bomb(self)
bomb.x = random.randint(0,self.settings.screen_width-60)
bomb.y = random.randint(-self.settings.screen_height,-10)
bomb.rect.x = bomb.x
bomb.rect.y = bomb.y
self.bomb.add(bomb)
if self.stats.level > 5:
#向宝箱精灵容器中添加宝箱精灵
for i in range(0,int((self.stats.level-4)/4)):
baoxiang = Baoxiang(self)
baoxiang.x = random.randint(0,self.settings.screen_width-90)
baoxiang.y = random.randint(-self.settings.screen_height,-10)
baoxiang.rect.x = baoxiang.x
baoxiang.rect.y = baoxiang.y
self.baoxiang.add(baoxiang)
def _money_move(self):
'''更新money中各部分的位置'''
#
'''该程序实现对精灵容器中的精灵统一控制，若需要对每个精灵需要单独控制需增加代码的复
杂程度，且本游戏不需要那么高的复杂度'''
for yuanbao_S in self.yuanbao_S.sprites():
yuanbao_S_y = float(yuanbao_S.rect.y)
yuanbao_S_y += self.settings.yb_S_speed
yuanbao_S.rect.y = yuanbao_S_y
for yuanbao_L in self.yuanbao_L.sprites():
yuanbao_L_y = float(yuanbao_L.rect.y)
yuanbao_L_y += self.settings.yb_L_speed
yuanbao_L.rect.y = yuanbao_L_y
for zuanshi in self.zuanshi.sprites():
zuanshi_y = float(zuanshi.rect.y)
zuanshi_y += self.settings.zs_speed
zuanshi.rect.y = zuanshi_y
for baoxiang in self.baoxiang.sprites():
baoxiang_y = float(baoxiang.rect.y)
baoxiang_y += self.settings.bx_speed
baoxiang.rect.y = baoxiang_y
for bomb in self.bomb.sprites():
bomb_y = float(bomb.rect.y)
bomb_y += self.settings.zd_speed
bomb.rect.y = bomb_y
self._check_money_bottom()
def _check_money_bottom(self):
'''元宝、钻石等到达屏幕底部处理办法'''
for yuanbao_s in self.yuanbao_S.copy():
if yuanbao_s.rect.top >= self.screen_rect.bottom:
self.yuanbao_S.remove(yuanbao_s)
for yuanbao_l in self.yuanbao_L.copy():
if yuanbao_l.rect.top >= self.screen_rect.bottom:
self.yuanbao_L.remove(yuanbao_l)
for zuanshi in self.zuanshi.copy():
if zuanshi.rect.top >= self.screen_rect.bottom:
self.zuanshi.remove(zuanshi)
for baoxiang in self.baoxiang.copy():
if baoxiang.rect.top >= self.screen_rect.bottom:
self.baoxiang.remove(baoxiang)
for bomb in self.bomb.copy():
if bomb.rect.top >= self.screen_rect.bottom:
self.bomb.remove(bomb)
def _check_corn_capture(self):
'''判断是否生成新的money群'''
if len(self.yuanbao_S) ==0 and len (self.yuanbao_L) == 0 :
if len(self.zuanshi) == 0 and len(self.bomb) == 0 :
if len(self.baoxiang) == 0 :
self._creat_money()
def _check_get_score(self):
'''响应得分'''
collisions_1 = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.cornucopia,self.yuanbao_S)
if collisions_1 :
self.stats.score += self.settings.yuanbao_s_point
self.score.prep_score()
self.score.prep_highest_score()
self.yuanbao_S.remove(collisions_1)
collisions_2 = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.cornucopia,self.yuanbao_L)
if collisions_2 :
self.stats.score += self.settings.yuanbao_l_point
self.score.prep_score()
self.score.prep_highest_score()
self.yuanbao_L.remove(collisions_2)
collisions_3 = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.cornucopia,self.zuanshi)
if collisions_3 :
self.stats.score += self.settings.zuanshi_point
self.score.prep_score()
self.score.prep_highest_score()
self.zuanshi.remove(collisions_3)
collisions_4 = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.cornucopia,self.baoxiang)
if collisions_4 :
self.stats.score += self.settings.baoxiang_point
self.score.prep_score()
self.score.prep_highest_score()
self.baoxiang.remove(collisions_4)
def _check_crash_bomb(self):
'''响应聚宝盆碰到炸弹的处理办法'''
collisions = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.cornucopia,self.bomb)
if collisions :
self.stats.game_active = 2
self._check_gameover()
def _check_gameover(self):
'''响应游戏结束的控制'''
self.yuanbao_S.empty()
self.yuanbao_L.empty()
self.zuanshi.empty()
self.baoxiang .empty()
self.bomb.empty()
def _check_exit_button(self,mouse_pos):
'''在玩家单击"重新开始"按钮时开始新游戏'''
button_clicked=self.exit_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and self.stats.game_active == 2:
sys.exit()
def _check_restart_button(self,mouse_pos):
'''在玩家单击"重新开始"按钮时开始新游戏'''
button_clicked=self.restart_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and self.stats.game_active == 2:
# 重置游戏统计信息
self.stats.reset_stats()
self.stats.game_active=1
self.score.prep_score()
self.score.prep_level()
# 创建一群新的money精灵并让聚宝盆居中
self._creat_money()
self.cornucopia._center_corn()
def _check_play_button(self,mouse_pos):
'''响应玩家点击"play"按钮是开始游戏'''
button_clicked=self.play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and self.stats.game_active == 0:
self.stats.reset_stats()
self.stats.game_active=1
self.score.prep_score()
self.score.prep_level()
def _up_grade(self):
'''升级控制方法'''
if self.stats.score//(20*self.stats.level):
self.stats.level += 1
self.score.prep_level()
if __name__ == '__main__':
game = Game()
game.run_game()button.py
import pygame.font
class Button:
def __init__(self,game,msg):
'''初始化按钮的属性'''
self.screen=game.screen
self.screen_rect=self.screen.get_rect()
# 设置按钮的尺寸和其他属性
self.width,self.height=200,50
self.button_color=(0,255,0)
self.text_color=(255,255,255)
# 指定字体和文本字号
self.font=pygame.font.SysFont("fangsong",48)
# 创建按钮的rect对象，并使其居中
if msg == 'play':
self.rect=pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)
self.rect.center=self.screen_rect.center # 使按钮中心和屏幕中心重合
elif msg == 'exit':
self.rect=pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)
self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx - 120
self.rect.centery = self.screen_rect.centery + 40
elif msg == 'restart':
self.rect=pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)
self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx + 120
self.rect.centery = self.screen_rect.centery + 40
# 按钮的标签只需创建一次
self._prep_msg(msg)
def _prep_msg(self,msg):
'''将msg渲染为图像,并使其在按钮上居中'''
# render(message,抗锯齿标签,字体颜色，背景颜色)
self.msg_image=self.font.render(msg,True,self.text_color,self.button_color)
self.msg_image_rect=self.msg_image.get_rect()
self.msg_image_rect.center=self.rect.center
def draw_button(self):
# 绘制一个用颜色填充的的按钮，再绘制文本
# 对按钮填充颜色
self.screen.fill(self.button_color,self.rect)
# blit(图像对象,图像的矩形位置信息)
self.screen.blit(self.msg_image,self.msg_image_rect)
cornucopia.py
import pygame
class Cornucopia:
'''聚宝盆的类'''
def __init__(self,game):
self.screen = game.screen
self.settings = game.settings
self.screen_rect = game.screen.get_rect()
#加载聚宝盆的图像
self.image = pygame.image.load('image/聚宝盆.bmp')
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(60,60))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
#将聚宝盆放在屏幕的底部
self.rect.midbottom = self.screen_rect.midbottom
self.x = float(self.rect.x)
self.y = float(self.rect.y)
#移动标识
self.moving_right = False
self.moving_left = False
def update(self):
'''根据移动标识调整聚宝盆位置'''
if self.moving_right and self.rect.right<self.screen_rect.right:
self.x += self.settings.corn_speed
if self.moving_left and self.rect.left>0:
self.x -= self.settings.corn_speed
self.rect.x = self.x
self.rect.y = self.y
def blitme(self):
'''在指定位置绘制聚宝盆'''
self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
def _center_corn(self):
'''让聚宝盆居中'''
self.rect.midbottom = self.screen_rect.midbottommoney.py
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
class Yuanbao_S(Sprite):
'''表示单个小元宝的类'''
def __init__(self,game):
super().__init__()
self.screen = game.screen
self.setting = game.settings
#加载小元宝的图像
self.image = pygame.image.load("image/yuanbao.bmp")
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(30,30))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.x=float(self.rect.x)
self.y=float(self.rect.y)
class Yuanbao_L(Sprite):
'''表示单个大元宝的类'''
def __init__(self,game):
super().__init__()
self.screen = game.screen
self.setting = game.settings
#加载大元宝的图像
self.image = pygame.image.load("image/yuanbao.bmp")
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(60,60))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.x=float(self.rect.x)
self.y=float(self.rect.y)
class Zuanshi(Sprite):
'''表示单个钻石的类'''
def __init__(self,game):
super().__init__()
self.screen = game.screen
self.setting = game.settings
#加载钻石的图像
self.image = pygame.image.load("image/zuanshi.bmp")
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(60,60))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.x=float(self.rect.x)
self.y=float(self.rect.y)
class Baoxiang(Sprite):
'''表示单个宝箱的类'''
def __init__(self,game):
super().__init__()
self.screen = game.screen
self.setting = game.settings
#加载宝箱的图像
self.image = pygame.image.load("image/baoxiang.bmp")
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(90,90))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.x=float(self.rect.x)
self.y=float(self.rect.y)
class Bomb(Sprite):
def __init__(self,game):
super().__init__()
self.screen = game.screen
self.setting = game.settings
#加载炸弹的图像
self.image = pygame.image.load("image/zhadan.bmp")
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(60,60))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.x = float(self.rect.x)
self.y=float(self.rect.y)scoreboard.py文章来源：https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-523578.html
import pygame.font
class Scoreboard:
'''显示得分信息的类'''
def __init__(self,game):
'''初始化显示得分设计的属性'''
self.screen = game.screen
self.screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
self.settings = game.settings
self.stats = game.stats
#显示得分信息时使用的字体设置
self.text_color = (30,30,30)
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont("arial",30)
#准备出事得分图像
self.prep_score()
self.prep_highest_score()
self.prep_level()
def prep_score(self):
'''将得分转换为一幅渲染的图像'''
score_str = str(self.stats.score)
self.score_image = self.font.render(f"score:{score_str}",True,self.text_color,self.settings.button_bg_color)
#在屏幕右上角显示得分
self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()
#得分显示距离屏幕右侧边缘20像素，距离屏幕顶部边缘20像素
self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right-20
self.score_rect.top = 20
def prep_level(self):
'''将等级渲染为图像'''
level_str = str(self.stats.level)
self.level_image = self.font.render(f"Level: {level_str}",True,self.text_color,self.settings.button_bg_color)
#将等级放在得分的下方
self.level_rect=self.level_image.get_rect()
self.level_rect.right=self.score_rect.right
self.level_rect.top=self.score_rect.bottom+10
def prep_highest_score(self):
'''将最高分渲染为图像'''
highest_score_str = str(self.stats.highest_score)
self.highest_score_image=self.font.render(f"Highest Score:{highest_score_str}",True,self.text_color,
self.settings.button_bg_color)
# 将最高分放到屏幕顶部中央
self.highest_score_rect = self.highest_score_image.get_rect()
self.highest_score_rect.centerx=self.screen_rect.centerx
self.highest_score_rect.top = 20
def prep_over(self):
gameover_str = 'GameOver!'
self.over_font = pygame.font.SysFont("arial",90)
gameover_image = self.over_font.render(f'{gameover_str}',True,self.text_color,self.settings.button_bg_color)
gameover_rect = gameover_image.get_rect()
gameover_rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
gameover_rect.centery = self.screen_rect.centery - 60
self.screen.blit(gameover_image,gameover_rect)
def check_highest_score(self):
'''检查是否产生了最高分'''
if self.stats.score > int(self.stats.highest_score):
filename = 'Data/data.txt'
with open(filename,'w') as f:
f.write(str(self.stats.score))
self.stats.highest_score = self.stats.score
self.prep_highest_score()
def show_score(self):
'''在屏幕上显示得分'''
self.screen.blit(self.score_image,self.score_rect)
self.screen.blit(self.highest_score_image,self.highest_score_rect)
self.screen.blit(self.level_image,self.level_rect)settings.py文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-523578.html
from fileinput import filename
import pygame
class Settings():
def __init__(self):
self.screen_width = 630
self.screen_height = 810
self.button_bg_color=(255,255,255) #由RGB值指定颜色
self.background_image = pygame.image.load("image/bg_image.bmp")
self.background_image = pygame.transform.scale(self.background_image,(630,810))
self.corn_speed = 5
self.yb_S_speed = 2.5
self.yb_L_speed = 2.5
self.zs_speed = 2.5
self.bx_speed = 2.5
self.zd_speed = 2.5
self.yuanbao_s_point = 2
self.yuanbao_l_point = 4
self.zuanshi_point = 8
self.baoxiang_point = 10
class GameStats:
def __init__(self,game):
'''初始化统计信息'''
self.reset_stats()
# 游戏刚启动时处于活动状态
self.game_active=0
# 在任何情况下都不应置最高分
filename = 'Data/data.txt'
with open(filename) as f:
self.highest_score = f.read()
def reset_stats(self):
'''初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息'''
self.score = 0
self.level = 1
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