一、项目场景
批量数据上传后台，需要从后台下载一个固定格式的 Excel表格，然后在表格里面添加数据，将数据格式化，再上传给后台，后台做解析处理，往数据库添加数据
二、实现功能展示
点击导入excel按钮，跳转到上传excel功能页面，点击上传或者是通过拖拽都能实现excel表格上传
三、实现思路
通过Element UI的<el-dialog>实现弹出层
1、excel按钮
:isShow=isShow是否显示上传文件层:onSuccess="success"上传成功之后的回调
2、excel上传页面
accept=".xlsx, .xls"：限定文件类型beforeUpload(){}在上传之前做一些自己的特殊判断，如判断文件的大小是否大于 1 兆？若大于 1 兆则停止解析并提示错误信息。
四、实现代码
1、下载xlsx
excel导入功能需要使用npm包xlsx，所以需要安装**xlsx**插件文章来源：https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-534579.html
npm i xlsx
2、页面代码
excel按钮页面
<template>
<div>
<el-button
type="primary"
@click="goExcel"
style="margin: 50px 50px 50px 50px"
>导入excel表格</el-button
>
<UploadExcel :onSuccess="success" :isShow="isShow"></UploadExcel>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import UploadExcel from "./components/UploadExcel.vue";
export default {
name: "App",
components: { UploadExcel },
data() {
return {
isShow: false,
};
},
methods: {
goExcel() {
this.isShow = true;
},
async success(data) {
// 数据库的key为英文，我们上传的key为中文，需要一一转化
const userRelations = {
入职日期: "timeOfEntry",
手机号: "mobile",
姓名: "username",
转正日期: "correctionTime",
工号: "workNumber",
};
// 将key值一一对应
const newArr = data.results.map((item) => {
var userInfo = {};
Object.keys(item).forEach((key) => {
userInfo[userRelations[key]] = item[key];
});
return userInfo;
});
console.log(newArr);
// await importEmployee(newArr); // 调用上传接口
this.$message("上传文件成功");
this.isShow = false;
},
},
};
</script>
UploadExcel页面
<template>
<el-dialog title="导入excel表格" :visible="isShow" @close="closeShow">
<div class="upload-excel">
<div class="btn-upload">
<el-button
:loading="loading"
size="mini"
type="primary"
@click="handleUpload"
>
点击上传
</el-button>
</div>
<input
ref="excel-upload-input"
class="excel-upload-input"
type="file"
accept=".xlsx, .xls"
@change="handleClick"
/>
<div
class="drop"
@drop="handleDrop"
@dragover="handleDragover"
@dragenter="handleDragover"
>
<i class="el-icon-upload" />
<span>将文件拖到此处</span>
</div>
</div>
</el-dialog>
</template>
<script>
import * as XLSX from "xlsx";
export default {
props: {
isShow: Boolean,
onSuccess: Function, // eslint-disable-line
},
data() {
return {
loading: false,
excelData: {
header: [],
results: [],
},
};
},
methods: {
closeShow() {
this.$parent.isShow = false;
},
// 点击导入
handleDrop(e) {
e.stopPropagation();
e.preventDefault();
if (this.loading) return;
const files = e.dataTransfer.files;
if (files.length !== 1) {
this.$message.error("仅支持单个上传一个文件");
return;
}
const rawFile = files[0]; // 获取文件信息
if (!this.isExcel(rawFile)) {
//是不是excel文件
this.$message.error(
"Only supports upload .xlsx, .xls, .csv suffix files"
);
return false;
}
this.upload(rawFile);
e.stopPropagation();
e.preventDefault();
},
handleDragover(e) {
e.stopPropagation();
e.preventDefault();
e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = "copy";
},
handleUpload() {
this.$refs["excel-upload-input"].click(); //触发表单上传事件，跳出选择文件框
},
handleClick(e) {
const files = e.target.files;
const rawFile = files[0]; // only use files[0]
if (!rawFile) return;
this.upload(rawFile);
},
upload(rawFile) {
this.$refs["excel-upload-input"].value = null; // fix can't select the same excel
if (!this.beforeUpload) {
this.readerData(rawFile);
return;
}
const before = this.beforeUpload(rawFile); //判断文件上传大小
if (before) {
this.readerData(rawFile); //把excel转化成数组
}
},
// 限定文件大小
beforeUpload(file) {
const isLt1M = file.size / 1024 / 1024 < 1;
if (isLt1M) {
return true;
}
this.$message({
message: "请不要上传大于1M的文件",
type: "warning",
});
return false;
},
readerData(rawFile) {
this.loading = true;
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const reader = new FileReader();
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(rawFile);
//参数可以是 Blob 或者 File 对象异步结果将在onload 事件中体现
reader.onload = (e) => {
const data = e.target.result;
const workbook = XLSX.read(data, { type: "array" });
const firstSheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0]; // "SheetJS" 取出工作表名称
const worksheet = workbook.Sheets[firstSheetName]; //取出工作表名称对应的表格数据
const header = this.getHeaderRow(worksheet); //表头名
const results = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(worksheet); //输出数据，除去表头
this.excelData.results = results;
this.excelData.header = header;
this.onSuccess && this.onSuccess(this.excelData);
this.loading = false;
resolve();
};
});
},
getHeaderRow(sheet) {
const headers = [];
const range = XLSX.utils.decode_range(sheet["!ref"]); //!ref: "A1:E21"
let C;
const R = range.s.r;
/* start in the first row */
for (C = range.s.c; C <= range.e.c; ++C) {
/* walk every column in the range */
const cell = sheet[XLSX.utils.encode_cell({ c: C, r: R })];
/* find the cell in the first row */
let hdr = "UNKNOWN " + C; // <-- replace with your desired default
if (cell && cell.t) hdr = XLSX.utils.format_cell(cell); //每个头部名
headers.push(hdr);
}
return headers;
},
isExcel(file) {
return /\.(xlsx|xls|csv)$/.test(file.name);
},
},
};
</script>
<style scoped lang="scss">
.upload-excel {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
// margin-top: 100px;
.excel-upload-input {
display: none;
z-index: -9999;
}
.btn-upload,
.drop {
border: 1px dashed #bbb;
width: 350px;
height: 160px;
text-align: center;
line-height: 160px;
}
.drop {
line-height: 80px;
color: #bbb;
i {
font-size: 60px;
display: block;
}
}
}
</style>
五、实现效果
文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-534579.html
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