PyQt5实现简易音乐播放器

PyQt5实现简易音乐播放器

1. 环境

1. vscode
2. python 3.10.0
3. PyQt5 5.15.4

2. 功能目标

能够读取本地的音乐文件，并实现播放的开关、曲目的切换和音量的加减

3. 具体实现
   1. 新建一个文件夹，在文件夹下再新建一个文件夹，命名为music，将歌曲放入其中。在vscode中打开该文件夹。
      
   2. 在QtDesigner中搭建出UI界面，并使用pyuic工具转换为py文件
      
   3. 新建main.py文件，用于界面的显示

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow
from Ui_musicplayer import Ui_Dialog
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
	# 屏幕适配处理
    QtCore.QCoreApplication.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.AA_EnableHighDpiScaling)
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    main = MainWin()
    main.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

4. 通过os.listdir()函数完成歌曲文件的读取

... # 省略之前出现的内容，后面的...同理
import os
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog): 
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        # 歌曲存放目录
        self.mp3filedir = "./music/"
        # 用于存放歌曲名称的空列表
        self.music_list = []
        # 当前播放歌曲在列表中的位置，开始为0
        self.music_index = 0
        # 从歌曲存放目录中读取所有文件名，并放入列表中
        for file_name in os.listdir(self.mp3filedir):
            self.music_list.append(file_name)
        # 获取歌曲总数
        self.music_all_num = len(self.music_list)

5. 新建 QMediaPlayer对象，并完成音量的设置

...
from PyQt5.QtCore import QUrl
from PyQt5.QtMultimedia import QMediaPlayer, QMediaContent
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        ...
        # 新建QMediaPlayer对象
        self.player = QMediaPlayer()
        # 当前播放状态标志位，False表示当前处于暂停状态，True表示当前处于播放状态
        self.player_state = False
        # 音量设定
        self.voice_level = 50
        # 音量设置，0-100，设置为0将静音
        self.player.setVolume(self.voice_level)
        # 拼接歌曲存放目录和歌曲名成完整路径，获取到文件
        self.player.setMedia(QMediaContent(QUrl.fromLocalFile(self.mp3filedir + self.music_list[self.music_index])))

6. 歌曲名字的展示

...
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
       ...
        # 歌曲名展示
        self.music_detail()

    def music_detail(self):
        # 根据当前歌曲位置索引获取歌曲名
        self.label.setText(self.music_list[self.music_index])

效果图

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7. 播放按钮绑定函数，t实现歌曲播放状态的切换

...
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
    	super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
       ...
        # 播放按钮绑定函数
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.player_state_change)

    def player_state_change(self):
        # 通过self.player_state获取当前播放状态，再进行切换
        if self.player_state:
        	# 停止播放
            self.player.stop()
            # 播放状态标志设置为False
            self.player_state = False
        else:
        	# 播放当前音频
            self.player.play()
            # 播放状态标志设置为True
            self.player_state = True

8. 歌曲上下切换按钮绑定函数，实现歌曲的切换

...
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
  		...
  		# 下一首按钮点击事件绑定函数
        self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.next_music)
        # 上一首按钮点击事件绑定函数
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.previous_music)

    def next_music(self):
    	# 如果当前播放的音频位置索引为列表中最后一首，则位置索引置为0，回到列表开头
        if self.music_index == self.music_all_num-1:
            self.music_index = 0
        # 否则位置索引加1
        else:
            self.music_index += 1
        # 根据位置索引获取歌曲名，并和歌曲存放目录拼接获取文件
        self.player.setMedia(QMediaContent(QUrl.fromLocalFile(self.mp3filedir + self.music_list[self.music_index])))
        # 歌曲名展示更新
        self.music_detail()
        # 进行播放
        self.player.play()

    def previous_music(self):
        # 如果当前播放的音频位置索引为列表中第一首，则位置索引置为列表长度减一，到列表末尾
        if self.music_index == 0:
            self.music_index = self.music_all_num - 1
        # 否则位置索引减1
        else:
            self.music_index -= 1
        # 根据位置索引获取歌曲名，并和歌曲存放目录拼接获取文件
        self.player.setMedia(QMediaContent(QUrl.fromLocalFile(self.mp3filedir + self.music_list[self.music_index])))
        # 歌曲名展示更新
        self.music_detail()
        # 进行播放
        self.player.play()

9. 音量的增减，直接修改音量设定值再执行次音量设定函数即可

...
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        ...
        self.pushButton_4.clicked.connect(self.voice_add)
        self.pushButton_5.clicked.connect(self.voice_reduce)
    
    def voice_add(self):
        if self.voice_level < 100:
            self.voice_level += 10
        self.player.setVolume(self.voice_level)

    def voice_reduce(self):
        if self.voice_level > 0:
            self.voice_level -= 10
        self.player.setVolume(self.voice_level)

4. 主函数代码汇总

import sys
import os
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow
from PyQt5.QtCore import QUrl
from PyQt5.QtMultimedia import QMediaPlayer, QMediaContent
from Ui_musicplayer import Ui_Dialog
 
class MainWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWin, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        # 新建QMediaPlayer对象
        self.player = QMediaPlayer()
        # 当前播放状态标志位，False表示当前处于暂停状态，True表示当前处于播放状态
        self.player_state = False
        # 歌曲存放目录
        self.mp3filedir = "./music/"
        # 用于存放歌曲名称的空列表
        self.music_list = []
        # 当前播放歌曲在列表中的位置
        self.music_index = 0
        # 音量设置
        self.voice_level = 50
        # 从歌曲存放目录中读取所有文件名，并放入列表中
        for file_name in os.listdir(self.mp3filedir):
            self.music_list.append(file_name)
        # 获取歌曲总数
        self.music_all_num = len(self.music_list)
        # 拼接歌曲存放目录和歌曲名成完整路径，获取到文件
        self.player.setMedia(QMediaContent(QUrl.fromLocalFile(self.mp3filedir + self.music_list[self.music_index])))
        # 文件名展示
        self.music_detail()
        # 音量设置
        self.player.setVolume(self.voice_level)
        # 播放按钮绑定函数
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.player_state_change)
        # 下一首按钮绑定函数
        self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.next_music)
        # 上一首按钮绑定函数
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.previous_music)
        # 音量加按钮绑定函数
        self.pushButton_4.clicked.connect(self.voice_add)
        # 音量减按钮绑定函数
        self.pushButton_5.clicked.connect(self.voice_reduce)

    def player_state_change(self):
        # 通过self.player_state获取当前播放状态，再进行切换
        if self.player_state:
        	# 停止播放
            self.player.stop()
            # 播放状态标志设置为False
            self.player_state = False
        else:
        	# 播放当前音频
            self.player.play()
            # 播放状态标志设置为True
            self.player_state = True

    def next_music(self):
    	# 如果当前播放的音频位置索引为列表中最后一首，则位置索引置为0，回到列表开头
        if self.music_index == self.music_all_num-1:
            self.music_index = 0
        # 否则位置索引加1
        else:
            self.music_index += 1
        # 根据位置索引获取歌曲名，并和歌曲存放目录拼接获取文件
        self.player.setMedia(QMediaContent(QUrl.fromLocalFile(self.mp3filedir + self.music_list[self.music_index])))
        # 歌曲名展示更新
        self.music_detail()
        # 进行播放
        self.player.play()

    def previous_music(self):
        # 如果当前播放的音频位置索引为列表中第一首，则位置索引置为列表长度减一，到列表末尾
        if self.music_index == 0:
            self.music_index = self.music_all_num - 1
        # 否则位置索引减1
        else:
            self.music_index -= 1
        # 根据位置索引获取歌曲名，并和歌曲存放目录拼接获取文件
        self.player.setMedia(QMediaContent(QUrl.fromLocalFile(self.mp3filedir + self.music_list[self.music_index])))
        # 歌曲名展示更新
        self.music_detail()
        # 进行播放
        self.player.play()

    def music_detail(self):
        self.label.setText(self.music_list[self.music_index])
    
    def voice_add(self):
        if self.voice_level < 100:
            self.voice_level += 10
        self.player.setVolume(self.voice_level)

    def voice_reduce(self):
        if self.voice_level > 0:
            self.voice_level -= 10
        self.player.setVolume(self.voice_level)
        


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 屏幕分辨率适配
    QtCore.QCoreApplication.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.AA_EnableHighDpiScaling)
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    main = MainWin()
    main.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

5. 布局文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_Dialog(object):
    def setupUi(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(400, 300)
        self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Dialog)
        self.groupBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 10, 401, 251))
        self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 381, 221))
        self.label.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.layoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(Dialog)
        self.layoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 270, 401, 25))
        self.layoutWidget.setObjectName("layoutWidget")
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget)
        self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_4)
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_3)
        self.pushButton_5 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_5.setObjectName("pushButton_5")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_5)

        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)

    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))
        self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("Dialog", "详情"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "TextLabel"))
        self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("Dialog", "音量+"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Dialog", "上一首"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "播放"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("Dialog", "下一首"))
        self.pushButton_5.setText(_translate("Dialog", "音量-"))

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