一、备份与还原
/***************************样例表***************************/
CREATE DATABASE booksDB;
use booksDB;
CREATE TABLE books
(
bk_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
bk_title VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
copyright YEAR NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO books
VALUES (11078, 'Learning MySQL', 2010),
(11033, 'Study Html', 2011),
(11035, 'How to use php', 2003),
(11072, 'Teach youself javascript', 2005),
(11028, 'Learing C++', 2005),
(11069, 'MySQL professional', 2009),
(11026, 'Guide to MySQL 5.5', 2008),
(11041, 'Inside VC++', 2011);
CREATE TABLE authors
(
auth_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
auth_name VARCHAR(20),
auth_gender CHAR(1)
);
INSERT INTO authors
VALUES (1001, 'WriterX' ,'f'),
(1002, 'WriterA' ,'f'),
(1003, 'WriterB' ,'m'),
(1004, 'WriterC' ,'f'),
(1011, 'WriterD' ,'f'),
(1012, 'WriterE' ,'m'),
(1013, 'WriterF' ,'m'),
(1014, 'WriterG' ,'f'),
(1015, 'WriterH' ,'f');
CREATE TABLE authorbook
(
auth_id INT NOT NULL,
bk_id INT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (auth_id, bk_id),
FOREIGN KEY (auth_id) REFERENCES authors (auth_id),
FOREIGN KEY (bk_id) REFERENCES books (bk_id)
);
INSERT INTO authorbook
VALUES (1001, 11033), (1002, 11035), (1003, 11072), (1004, 11028),
(1011, 11078), (1012, 11026), (1012, 11041), (1014, 11069);
/***************************样例表***************************/
1、使用mysqldump命令备份数据库中的所有表
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pRedHat@123 booksDB > /backup/booksDB_20230712.sql
[root@localhost ~]# ll /backup
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3903 Jul 11 23:38 booksDB_20230712.sql
2、备份booksDB数据库中的books表
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pRedHat@123 booksDB books > /backup/books_20230712.sql
3、使用mysqldump备份booksDB和test数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pRedHat@123 --databases booksDB test> /backup/booksDB_test_20230712.sql
4、使用mysqldump备份服务器中的所有数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pRedHat@123 --all-databases > /backup/all_20230712.sql
5、使用mysql命令还原第二题导出的book表
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pRedHat@123 booksDB < /backup/books_20230712.sql
6、进入数据库使用source命令还原第二题导出的book表
mysql> source /backup/books_20230712.sql
二、索引
1、建立一个utf8编码的数据库test1
2、建立商品表goods和栏目表category
mysql> create table goods(
-> goods_id int(11) primary key auto_increment,
-> goods_name varchar(20) not null,
-> cat_id int(11) not null default 0,
-> brand_id int(11) not null default 0,
-> goods_sn char(12) not null,
-> shop_price float(6,2) not null default 0.00,
-> goods_desc text default NULL
-> )engine = myisam default charset = utf8;
mysql> create table category(
-> cat_id int(11) primary key auto_increment,
-> cate_name varchar(20) not null,
-> parent_id int(11) not null default 0
-> )engine = myisam default charset = utf8;
按如下表结构创建表：存储引擎engine myisam 字符集charset utf8
mysql> desc goods;
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| goods_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| goods_name | varchar(20) | NO | | | |
| cat_id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| brand_id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| goods_sn | char(12) | NO | | | |
| shop_price | float(6,2) | NO | | 0.00 | |
| goods_desc | text | YES | | NULL | |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc category;
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| cat_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| cate_name | varchar(20) | NO | | | |
| parent_id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3、删除 goods 表中的 goods_desc 字段及货号字段,并增加 click_count 字段
mysql> alter table goods drop goods_desc;
mysql> alter table goods drop goods_id;
mysql> alter table goods add click_count int;
4、在 goods_name 列上加唯一性索引（用alter table方式）
mysql> alter table goods add unique index_name(goods_name);
5、在 shop_price 列上加普通索引（用create index方式）
mysql> create index index_price on goods(shop_price);
6、在 click_count 上增加普通索引，然后再删除 （分别使用drop index和alter table删除）
mysql> create index index_count on goods(click_count);
mysql> drop index index_count on goods;
mysql> alter table goods drop index index_count;
三、视图
学生表：Student (Sno, Sname, Ssex , Sage, Sdept)
学号，姓名，性别，年龄，所在系 Sno为主键
课程表：Course (Cno, Cname,)
课程号，课程名 Cno为主键
学生选课表：SC (Sno, Cno, Score)
学号，课程号，成绩 Sno,Cno为主键
mysql> create table Student(
-> Sno int primary key,
-> Sname varchar(20),
-> Ssex enum('m','w'),
-> sage int(11),
-> sdept varchar(20)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create table Course(
-> Cno int primary key,
-> Cname varchar(20)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create table SC(
-> Sno int,
-> Cno int primary key,
-> Score int
-> );
1、创建一视图 stu_info,查询全体学生的姓名，性别，课程名，成绩。
mysql> create view stu_info (姓名,性别,课程名,成绩) as select a.Sname,a.Ssex,b.Cname,b.Score from Student a left join (select c.Cno,Cname,Sno,Score from Course c left join SC s on c.Cno = s.Cno) b on a.Sno = b.Sno;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc stu_info;
+-----------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| 姓名 | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| 性别 | enum('m','w') | YES | | NULL | |
| 课程名 | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| 成绩 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+-----------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)文章来源：https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-556736.html
2、删除视图 stu_info。
mysql> drop view stu_info;
文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-556736.html
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