需求
接手了一个C++应用程序,解析csv和生成csv文件,但是如果要把多个csv文件合并成一个Excel,分布在不同的Sheet中,又想在一次运行中完成,不想说运行完C++ 的App后,再调用一个Python脚本或程序,这需要两步操作
配置环节
明确安装的是64位
根据安装的Visual Studio 的版本,我安装的是64-bit的。 如何查看当前Python已安装的python位数或者版本
在cmd模式下输入python,可以看到已安装64bit版本,
C:\Users\xxx>python
Python 3.10.11 (tags/v3.10.11:7d4cc5a, Apr 5 2023, 00:38:17) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
C:\Users\xxx>where python
C:\Program Files\Python310\python.exe
C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\python.exe
Python安装目录
- python.h 所在目录: C:\Program Files\Python310\include
- python libraries 目录: C:\Program Files\Python310\libs
当设置Visual Studio工程属性时,需要用到上述目录
创建Console C++ Project
创建一个工程,然后配置工程属性
Cpp 调用 Python Demo
参考代码
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <Python.h>
using namespace std;
// https://docs.python.org/3/extending/embedding.html
void CallPython(string PythonModuleName, string PythonFunctionName)
{
char* funcname = new char[PythonFunctionName.length() + 1];
strcpy_s(funcname, PythonFunctionName.length() + 1, PythonFunctionName.c_str());
char* modname = new char[PythonModuleName.length() + 1];
strcpy_s(modname, PythonModuleName.length() + 1, PythonModuleName.c_str());
printf("Hit any key to initialize the Python interpreter\n");
system("pause");
// Initialize the Python interpreter
// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/init.html#c.Py_Initialize
Py_Initialize();
TCHAR cwd[2048];
GetCurrentDirectory(sizeof(cwd), cwd);
// Import a module. This is best described by referring to the built-in Python function __import__().
// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/import.html?highlight=pyimport_importmodule#c.PyImport_ImportModule
printf("Hit any key to Load the Python module %ws - %s\n", cwd, modname);
system("pause");
PyObject* my_module = PyImport_ImportModule(modname);
// Print a standard traceback to sys.stderr and clear the error indicator
// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/exceptions.html?highlight=pyerr_print#c.PyErr_Print
PyErr_Print();
printf("Module found\n");
printf("Hit any key to find function %s from Python module %ws\n", funcname, cwd);
system("pause");
// Get the address of the particular Python function in the imported module
// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/object.html?highlight=pyobject_getattrstring#c.PyObject_GetAttrString
printf("Getting address of %s in Python module\n", funcname);
PyObject* my_function = PyObject_GetAttrString(my_module, funcname);
PyErr_Print();
printf("Function found\n");
printf("Hit any key to call function %s from Python module %ws\n", funcname, cwd);
system("pause");
// Call a callable Python object callable, with arguments given by the tuple args.
// If no arguments are needed, then args can be NULL.
// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/call.html?highlight=pyobject_callobject#c.PyObject_CallObject
PyObject* my_result = PyObject_CallObject(my_function, NULL);
PyErr_Print();
printf("Your function has been called\n");
system("pause");
// Undo all initializations made by Py_Initialize() and subsequent use of Python/C API functions,
// and destroy all sub-interpreters (see Py_NewInterpreter() below) that were created and not yet
// destroyed since the last call to Py_Initialize(). Ideally, this frees all memory allocated by the Python interpreter.
// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/init.html?highlight=py_finalize#c.Py_FinalizeEx
Py_Finalize();
delete[] funcname;
delete[] modname;
}
int main()
{
CallPython("PythonFile", "helloworld");
system("pause");
return 0;
}
上述代码编译通过后,如果直接运行,会Failed, 原因是我们并没有定义PythonFile module.在Debug模式下,生成的exe文件在x64目录下:
- 创建PythonFile.py 文件
import re
import string
def helloworld():
print("Hello from Python!")
在main函数内,
- PythonFile 对应了 PythonModuleName
- helloworld 对应了 PythonFunctionName
运行Demo后的输出结果文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-639232.html
Hit any key to initialize the Python interpreter
请按任意键继续. . .
Hit any key to Load the Python module C:\Resource\App\Python\CppPython\CppPython - PythonFile
请按任意键继续. . .
Module found
Hit any key to find function helloworld from Python module C:\Resource\App\Python\CppPython\CppPython
请按任意键继续. . .
Getting address of helloworld in Python module
Function found
Hit any key to call function helloworld from Python module C:\Resource\App\Python\CppPython\CppPython
请按任意键继续. . .
Hello from Python!
Your function has been called
请按任意键继续. . .
请按任意键继续. . .
参考
C++与Python混合编程文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-639232.html
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