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Ceph集群安装部署

1、环境准备

1.1 环境简介

主机名	IP	磁盘一	磁盘二	磁盘三	CPU	内存	操作系统	虚拟化工具
ceph-01	192.168.200.33	100G	50G	50G	2C	4G	Ubuntu 22.04	VMware15
ceph-02	192.168.200.34	100G	50G	50G	2C	4G	Ubuntu 22.04	VMware15
ceph-03	192.168.200.35	100G	50G	50G	2C	4G	Ubuntu 22.04	VMware15

1.2 配置hosts解析(所有节点)

root@ceph-01:~# cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF
192.168.200.33 ceph-01
192.168.200.34 ceph-02
192.168.200.35 ceph-03
EOF

1.3 配置时间同步

所有节点执行

# 可配置开启
root@ceph-01:~# timedatectl set-ntp true

# 配置上海时区
root@ceph-01:~# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

# 系统时钟与硬件时钟同步
root@ceph-01:~# hwclock --systohc

ceph-01节点执行

# 安装服务
root@ceph-01:~# apt install -y chrony

# 配置文件
root@ceph-01:~# cat >> /etc/chrony/chrony.conf << EOF
server controller iburst maxsources 2
allow all
local stratum 10
EOF

# 重启服务
root@ceph-01:~# systemctl restart chronyd

ceph-02、ceph-03节点

# 安装服务
root@ceph-02:~# apt install -y chrony

# 配置文件
root@ceph-02:~# cat >> /etc/chrony/chrony.conf << EOF
pool controller iburst maxsources 4
EOF

# 重启服务
root@ceph-02:~# systemctl restart chronyd

2、安装docker(所有节点)

# 安装证书
root@ceph-01:~# apt -y install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

# 安装官方GPG key
root@ceph-01:~# mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
root@ceph-01:~# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

# 建立docker资源库
root@ceph-01:~# echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

# 更新资源库
root@ceph-01:~# apt update

# 开始安装docker
root@ceph-01:~# apt -y install docker-ce

# 设置开机自启动
root@ceph-01:~# systemctl enable docker

3、配置镜像

3.1 下载ceph镜像(所有节点执行)

root@ceph-01:~# docker pull quay.io/ceph/ceph:v17
root@ceph-01:~# docker pull quay.io/ceph/ceph-grafana:8.3.5
root@ceph-01:~# docker pull quay.io/prometheus/prometheus:v2.33.4
root@ceph-01:~# docker pull quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.3.1 
root@ceph-01:~# docker pull quay.io/prometheus/alertmanager:v0.23.0

3.2 搭建制作本地仓库(ceph-01节点执行)

# 下载镜像
root@ceph-01:~# docker pull registry

# 启动仓库容器
root@ceph-01:~# docker run -d --name registry -p 5000:5000 --restart always 3a0f7b0a13ef

root@ceph-01:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                   CREATED         STATUS        PORTS                                       NAMES
04b3ea9c4c08   3a0f7b0a13ef   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   1 second ago   Up Less than a second   0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp   registry

3.3 配置私有仓库(所有节点执行)

# 配置仓库地址
root@ceph-01:~# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"insecure-registries":["192.168.200.33:5000"]
}
EOF

# 重启docker
root@ceph-01:~# systemctl daemon-reload
root@ceph-01:~# systemctl restart docker

3.4 为 Docker 镜像打标签(ceph-01节点执行)

# 打地址标签
root@ceph-01:~# docker tag 0912465dcea5 192.168.200.33:5000/ceph:v17

# 查看打开的标签
root@ceph-01:~# docker images | grep 0912465dcea5
192.168.200.33:5000/ceph           v17       0912465dcea5   12 months ago   1.34GB
quay.io/ceph/ceph                  v17       0912465dcea5   12 months ago   1.34GB

# 推入仓库
root@ceph-01:~# docker push 192.168.200.33:5000/ceph:v17

4、安装ceph工具(所有节点执行)

root@ceph-01:~# apt install -y cephadm ceph-common

5、引导集群(ceph-01节点执行)

# 初始化mon节点
root@ceph-01:~# mkdir -p /etc/ceph
root@ceph-01:~# cephadm --image 192.168.200.33:5000/ceph:v17 bootstrap --mon-ip 192.168.200.33 --initial-dashboard-user admin --initial-dashboard-password 000000 --skip-pull

6、添加主机到集群(ceph-01节点执行)

# 传输ceph密钥
root@ceph-01:~# ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub ceph-02
root@ceph-01:~# ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub ceph-03

# 集群机器发现
root@ceph-01:~# ceph orch host add ceph-02
root@ceph-01:~# ceph orch host add ceph-03

# 查看主机
root@ceph-01:~# ceph orch host ls
HOST     ADDR            LABELS  STATUS  
ceph-01  192.168.200.33  _admin          
ceph-02  192.168.200.34                  
ceph-03  192.168.200.35                  
3 hosts in cluster

ps:
# 要部署其他监视器
ceph orch apply mon "ceph-01,ceph-02,ceph-03"

# 删除集群
cephadm rm-cluster --fsid d92b85c0-3ecd-11ed-a617-3f7cf3e2d6d8 --force

7、部署OSD，存储数据(ceph-01节点执行)

# 查看可用的磁盘设备
root@ceph-01:~# ceph orch device ls
HOST     PATH      TYPE  DEVICE ID   SIZE  AVAILABLE  REFRESHED  REJECT REASONS  
ceph-01  /dev/sdb  hdd              53.6G  Yes        18m ago                    
ceph-01  /dev/sdc  hdd              53.6G  Yes        18m ago                    
ceph-02  /dev/sdb  hdd              53.6G  Yes        45s ago                    
ceph-02  /dev/sdc  hdd              53.6G  Yes        45s ago                    
ceph-03  /dev/sdb  hdd              53.6G  Yes        32s ago                    
ceph-03  /dev/sdc  hdd              53.6G  Yes        32s ago   

# 添加到ceph集群中，在未使用的设备上自动创建osd
root@ceph-01:~# ceph orch apply osd --all-available-devices

PS:
# 从特定主机上的特定设备创建OSD：
ceph orch daemon add osd ceph-01:/dev/sdb
ceph orch daemon add osd ceph-02:/dev/sdb
ceph orch daemon add osd ceph-03:/dev/sdb

# 查看osd磁盘
root@ceph-01:~# ceph -s
  cluster:
    id:     cf4e18fa-36a8-11ee-b041-03777440eaac
    health: HEALTH_OK
 
  services:
    mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph-01,ceph-02,ceph-03 (age 3m)
    mgr: ceph-01.ydxjzm(active, since 7m), standbys: ceph-02.zpbmpm
    osd: 6 osds: 0 up, 6 in (since 1.16241s)
 
  data:
    pools:   1 pools, 1 pgs
    objects: 2 objects, 449 KiB
    usage:   120 MiB used, 300 GiB / 300 GiB avail
    pgs:     1 active+clean
 
root@ceph-01:~# ceph df
--- RAW STORAGE ---
CLASS     SIZE    AVAIL     USED  RAW USED  %RAW USED
hdd    300 GiB  300 GiB  120 MiB   120 MiB       0.04
TOTAL  300 GiB  300 GiB  120 MiB   120 MiB       0.04
 
--- POOLS ---
POOL  ID  PGS   STORED  OBJECTS     USED  %USED  MAX AVAIL
.mgr   1    1  449 KiB        2  449 KiB      0     95 GiB