docker其他常用命令(kuangshenstudy)-Toy模板网

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一、后台启动容器

# 命令 docker run -d  镜像名
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d centos

# 问题docker ps 发现 centos 停止了

# 常见的坑 docker 容器使用后台运行 就必须要有一个前台进程, docker 发现没有应用了 就会自动停止
# nginx, 容器启动后, 发现自己没有提供服务， 就会立刻停止 ,就是没有程序了

二、查看日志

docker logs -f -t --tail  容器，没有日志

# 显示日志
-tf                    # 显示全部日志
--tail number  # 要显示的日志条数

[root@localhost ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 10 容器id

三、查看容器中进程信息

[root@localhost ~]# docker top 7f0ad55ec1e0 
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                110821              110797              0                   20:35               pts/0               00:00:00            /bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]#

四、查看镜像的元数据

# 命令
   docker inspect  容器id

# 测试
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect 7f0ad55ec1e0 
[
    {
        "Id": "7f0ad55ec1e0ed1389e99c452b6882f6bc6de11f1d8ace6bac2cdd8618bbedac",
        "Created": "2022-04-24T12:35:23.562758041Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 110821,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-04-24T12:35:23.907525511Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/7f0ad55ec1e0ed1389e99c452b6882f6bc6de11f1d8ace6bac2cdd8618bbedac/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/7f0ad55ec1e0ed1389e99c452b6882f6bc6de11f1d8ace6bac2cdd8618bbedac/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/7f0ad55ec1e0ed1389e99c452b6882f6bc6de11f1d8ace6bac2cdd8618bbedac/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/7f0ad55ec1e0ed1389e99c452b6882f6bc6de11f1d8ace6bac2cdd8618bbedac/7f0ad55ec1e0ed1389e99c452b6882f6bc6de11f1d8ace6bac2cdd8618bbedac-json.log",
        "Name": "/gracious_chaplygin",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cb13d1ad8fe7e727e8f983434071369b35006ac76e7393def5c22217853ec3ea-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7de1532b2684cbcd8804ed749ae5d6cfc63838378bcd459b6786ea7f3bff6d4a/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cb13d1ad8fe7e727e8f983434071369b35006ac76e7393def5c22217853ec3ea/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cb13d1ad8fe7e727e8f983434071369b35006ac76e7393def5c22217853ec3ea/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cb13d1ad8fe7e727e8f983434071369b35006ac76e7393def5c22217853ec3ea/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "7f0ad55ec1e0",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "01c1639b255aaad4b9aaafea45dcd0e8f4374cba898567662fcd52804f732a51",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/01c1639b255a",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "3ef7136919ae4a7f9ddeba57019f48cad63ec317425039a93e798d6be6f2a575",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "4b4a05c20a03870495c05983343e9a766d87928908ac59e102cf584405370872",
                    "EndpointID": "3ef7136919ae4a7f9ddeba57019f48cad63ec317425039a93e798d6be6f2a575",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]
[root@localhost ~]#

五、进入当前正在运行的容器

# 我们通常容器都是使用后台方式运行的，需要进入容器 修改一些配置

# 命令
    docker exec  -it  容器id  bashShell (/bin/bash)
# 测试
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
374fee09f8f4   centos    "/bin/bash"   5 minutes ago   Up 5 minutes             youthful_shamir
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 374fee09f8f4 /bin/bash
[root@374fee09f8f4 /]# ls
bin  etc   lib    lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
[root@374fee09f8f4 /]# ps -ef
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root          1      0  0 02:13 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/bash
root         15      0  0 02:20 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/bash
root         30     15  0 02:20 pts/1    00:00:00 ps -ef
[root@374fee09f8f4 /]# 

# 方式二
docker attach 容器id

# 测试
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach 374fee09f8f4 
[root@374fee09f8f4 /]#

# docker exec -it        # 进入容器后开启一个新的终端，可以在里面操作
# docker attach          # 进入容器正在执行而定终端，不会启动新的进程！

六、从容器内拷贝文件到主机上
文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-662518.html

docker cp 容器id：容器内路径  目的主机的路径

# 进入docker容器内部
[root@localhost home]# docker run -it centos  /bin/bash
WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work.
[root@b177dc96f111 /]# cd /home
[root@b177dc96f111 home]# ls
# 在容器内新建一个文件
[root@b177dc96f111 home]# touch sha.java
[root@b177dc96f111 home]# exit
[root@localhost home]# docker ps -a -n1
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
b177dc96f111   centos    "/bin/bash"   35 seconds ago   Exited (0) 14 seconds ago             strange_gates
# 将这文件拷贝出来到主机上
[root@localhost home]# docker cp b177dc96f111:/home/sha.java /home
[root@localhost home]# ls
sha  sha.java
[root@localhost home]# 

# 拷贝是一个手动过程，未来我们使用 -v 卷的技术，可以实现

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