1、职责链模式的提出
在软件开发过程中,发送者经常发送一个数据请求给特定的接收者对象,让其对请求数据进行处理(一个数据请求只能有一个对象对其处理)。如果发送的每个数据请求指定特定的接收者, 将带来发送者与接收者的紧密解耦合问题。职责链模式可以将请求发送者与接收者解耦。职责链模式的处理流程是:设计一个职责链处理基类,该类具有指向下一个待处理类的变量,通过set接口设置下一个待处理的链对象成员;该类具有遍历处理请求的功能,遍历过程中,只要有一个对象处理了请求,则停止遍历;该基类抽象了2个接口分别为:判断是否处理该类型请求和处理消息的功能接口。其他的具体职责链类继承并实现职责链基类的接口。
2、需求描述
有3个职责功能类,每个职责类都只能对特定的请求数据类型进行处理,现有3个请求类型。设计一个能处理不同数据请求的功能代码,该功能代码具有良好的扩展性。数据请求的类型包括:请求类型和描述信息。
3、功能实现
(1)UML图如下:
(2)代码实现如下:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
enum class EmType
{
EM_TYPE_A,
EM_TYPE_B,
EM_TYPE_C
};
class RequestData
{
private:
std::string m_strDesc;
EmType m_emType;
public:
RequestData(const std::string& desc,EmType type):m_strDesc(std::move(desc)),m_emType(type){};
EmType getType()const{return m_emType;};
const std::string getDesc()const{return m_strDesc;};
};
class ChainHandler
{
protected:
ChainHandler* nextChain{nullptr};
virtual void processHandler(const RequestData& request)=0;
virtual bool IsHandlerType(const RequestData& request)=0;
public:
void setNextChain(ChainHandler* next)
{
nextChain = next;
};
void handle(const RequestData& req)
{
if(IsHandlerType(req))
{
processHandler(req);
}else
{
if(nextChain != nullptr)
{
nextChain->handle(req);
}
}
}
virtual ~ChainHandler(){};
};
class HanderA:public ChainHandler
{
public:
virtual bool IsHandlerType(const RequestData &request) override
{
if(request.getType() == EmType::EM_TYPE_A)
{
return true;
}else
{
std::cout << "HanderA cannot process the request:" << request.getDesc() << std::endl;
return false;
}
}
virtual void processHandler(const RequestData& request) override
{
std::cout << "HanderA is processing the request: " << request.getDesc() << std::endl;
}
};
class HanderB:public ChainHandler
{
public:
virtual bool IsHandlerType(const RequestData &request) override
{
if(request.getType() == EmType::EM_TYPE_B)
{
return true;
}else
{
std::cout << "HanderB cannot process the request:" << request.getDesc() << std::endl;
return false;
}
}
virtual void processHandler(const RequestData& request) override
{
std::cout << "HanderB is processing the request: " << request.getDesc() << std::endl;
}
};
class HanderC:public ChainHandler
{
public:
virtual bool IsHandlerType(const RequestData &request) override
{
if(request.getType() == EmType::EM_TYPE_C)
{
return true;
}else
{
std::cout << "HanderC cannot process the request:" << request.getDesc() << std::endl;
return false;
}
}
virtual void processHandler(const RequestData& request) override
{
std::cout << "HanderC is processing the request: " << request.getDesc() << std::endl;
}
};
class Client
{
public:
void doWork()
{
ChainHandler* handlerA = new HanderA();
ChainHandler* handlerB = new HanderB();
ChainHandler* handlerC = new HanderC();
handlerA->setNextChain(handlerB);
handlerB->setNextChain(handlerC);
RequestData reqA("DataA need to handle",EmType::EM_TYPE_A);
handlerA->handle(reqA);
std::cout << "\n************** next Request ********************\n" << std::endl;
RequestData reqC("DataC need to handle",EmType::EM_TYPE_C);
handlerA->handle(reqC);
delete handlerA;
delete handlerB;
delete handlerC;
handlerA = nullptr;
handlerB = nullptr;
handlerC = nullptr;
}
};
int main()
{
Client obj;
obj.doWork();
return 0;
}
程序运行结果如下:文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-666650.html
文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-666650.html
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