【Unity3D游戏魔坦之争】敌方逻辑封装实现【六】

👨‍💻个人主页：@元宇宙-秩沅

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⭐通用API实现抽象行为封装【五】⭐

🎶前言

🅰️

🎶（A）UML

🎶（B）需求分析

🎶（C）行为实现——炮台的自动检测并攻击

😶‍🌫️：步骤实现
1.炮台的行为逻辑封装：旋转，触发检测，发射炮弹及特效
2.检测玩家后自动瞄准攻击
3.玩家扣血，更新血条，触发保护罩特效及死亡

——————————————

涉及到四个脚本

炮台封装

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
//-------------------------------------
//—————————————————————————————————————
//___________项目:       ______________
//___________功能： 炮台的行为逻辑实现
//___________创建者：秩沅_______________
//_____________________________________
//-------------------------------------
public class battery : TankFather
{
    public AudioSource shootMusic;   //发射音效
    public GameObject shootball;     //发射的子弹类型
    public float shootSpeed = 1000f; //子弹的速度 
    public Transform shootTransform; //发射的组件信息
    public bool shootSwitch = false;
    //射击检测参数
    public Transform player;         //闯入者
    private float endTime = 8f;      //子弹发射间隔的时间

    
    private void Start()
    {
        //属性初始化赋值
        Head = transform.GetChild(0);
        maxBlood = 500;
        nowBlood = 500;
        attack = 20;   
        HeadSpeed = 50;
        //射击音效关闭
        shootMusic.enabled = false;
 
    }

    private void Update()
    {  
        if (shootSwitch == false)   //不停的旋转
        {
            Head.transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * HeadSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        }          
        else 
        {
            Head.transform.LookAt(player);
            //倒计时发射子弹
            endTime = Mathf.MoveTowards(endTime, 0, 0.1f);
            if(endTime <= 0)
            {
                Fire();
                endTime = 3f;
            }
        }     
    }

    //玩家进入范围内就开始射击
    private void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)
    {
        if(other.tag == "Player")
        {
            shootSwitch = true;
            player = other.transform;
        }

       
    }

    //受伤检测
    private void OnTriggerStay(Collider other)
    {
        float off = Vector3.Distance(other.transform.position, transform.position);
        if (other.gameObject.tag == "bullet" && off < 2)
        {
            //添加子弹挂载的目标坦克，方便获取该子弹的攻击力，与受伤逻辑相结合
            BulletMove ball = other.gameObject.GetComponent<BulletMove>();
            TankFather ballTank = ball.Tank.GetComponent<TankFather>();

            //当子弹不是自己打的到自己身上的时候
            if (ballTank.tag != gameObject.tag)
            {
                //扣血
                Heart(ballTank);
            }

        }
    }
    
    //玩家出去后就停止射击
    private void OnTriggerExit(Collider other)
    {
        if (other.tag == "Player")
        {
            shootSwitch = false;
        }
    }

    //开火重写
    public override void Fire()
    {
      //开启射击音效
      shootMusic.enabled = true;
      shootMusic.Play();
      GameObject ball =  Instantiate(shootball, shootTransform.position , shootTransform.rotation);
      BulletMove movScript = ball.GetComponent<BulletMove>();
      Rigidbody shootBall = ball.GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
      shootBall.AddForce(shootTransform .transform.forward * shootSpeed );
      movScript.Tank =gameObject ;  //声明子弹是由谁打出去的
    }

    
}

坦克基类更新

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
//-------------------------------------
//—————————————————————————————————————
//___________项目:       
//___________功能： 坦克基类——集中子类相同点
//___________创建者：______秩沅______
//___________________________________
//-------------------------------------
public abstract  class TankFather : MonoBehaviour
{
    //攻击和防御相关
    public int attack;
    public int defence; 
    public float  nowBlood;
    public float  maxBlood;
    //移动和转速相关
    public int moveSpeed;
    public int RotateSpeed;
    public int HeadSpeed;
    public Transform  Head;
    //击败特效
    public GameObject diedEffect;
    //收到伤害打开保护罩的特效
    public GameObject ProtectEffectMain;
    public GameObject ProtectEffectOther;

    private void Awake()
    {
       // ProtectEffectMain = Resources.Load<GameObject>(@"Prefabs/OherResoure/Protect1");
       // ProtectEffectOther = Resources.Load<GameObject>(@"Prefabs/OherResoure/Protect2");
    }

    //受伤行为
    public virtual  void Heart(TankFather other)
    {
       
        //当攻击力大于防御力时才生效
        if (other.attack - defence > 0)
            {
                nowBlood -= (other.attack - defence);
            }
        if (nowBlood <= 0)
            {
                nowBlood = 0;
                Death();
            }

        if (gameObject.tag == "Player")//如果是主玩家才更新血条
        {
            //更新血条
            GamePlane.SingleInstance.UpdataBlood(maxBlood, nowBlood);
            //实例化保护罩的特效       
            GameObject eff = Instantiate(ProtectEffectMain, transform.position, transform.rotation);
            Destroy(eff,1f);
        }
      
        
    }

    //死亡行为
    public virtual  void Death()
    {
      
        //将特效实例化相关逻辑
        GameObject effect = Instantiate(diedEffect, this.transform.position ,this.transform.rotation);
        AudioSource soudClip = effect.GetComponent<AudioSource>();
        soudClip.enabled  = MusicContol.SingleMusicContol.nowMusicData.soundSwitch;
        soudClip.volume = MusicContol.SingleMusicContol.nowMusicData.soundRoll ;
        soudClip.mute = false;
        soudClip.playOnAwake = true;
        //死亡后展示死亡面板
        if (gameObject.tag == "Player")
        {
            Destroy(gameObject, 2F);
            DiedPlane.SingleInstance.Show();
        }
        else
        Destroy(gameObject);

      
      
    }

    //开火行为
    public abstract void Fire();  //子类中每一个的开火方式都不同，作为抽象方法
    
   
}

主坦克类更新

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
//-------------------------------------
//—————————————————————————————————————
//___________项目:       
//___________功能：  坦克的移动和旋转
//___________创建者：_______秩沅_______
//_____________________________________
//-------------------------------------
public class MainTank : TankFather
{
    //主坦克专有特征
    public  Weapon nowWeapon;
   
  

    //特征属性初始化
    private void Awake()
    {
        Head = transform.GetChild(1).GetChild(0);
        maxBlood = 1000;
        nowBlood = 1000;
        attack = 30;
        defence = 10;
        moveSpeed = 5;
        RotateSpeed = 50;
        HeadSpeed = 500;
    }

    private void Update()
    {
        //坦克的移动 = 大小*方向
        transform.Translate(Input.GetAxis("Vertical") *Vector3.forward*moveSpeed *Time.deltaTime );
        //坦克的旋转 = 大小*轴向
        transform.Rotate(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") *Vector3.up *RotateSpeed *Time .deltaTime );
        //头部炮管的旋转 = 大小*轴向
        Head.Rotate(Input.GetAxis ("Mouse X") *Vector3.up*HeadSpeed*Time .deltaTime );
        //左键发射炮弹
        if(Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
        {
            Fire();

        }
    }

   

    //捡武器行为
    public void ChangeWeapon(GameObject weapon)
    {
        if (nowWeapon != null) nowWeapon.Vanish();  //销毁当前武器
        nowWeapon = weapon.GetComponent<Weapon>();       
        //头部留有存放武器的位置
        weapon.gameObject.transform.position = Head.GetChild(0).transform.position ;
        weapon.gameObject.transform.rotation = Head.GetChild(0).transform.rotation;
        weapon.gameObject.transform.SetParent(Head.GetChild(0));
        attack += nowWeapon.attack;
     
    }

    //开火行为重写
    public override void Fire() 
    {
        nowWeapon.Shoot(); 
    }

    //被子弹打到
    private void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)
    {
       if(other.tag == "bullet")
        {
            try
            {
                //添加子弹挂载的目标坦克，方便获取该子弹的攻击力，与受伤逻辑相结合
                BulletMove ball = other.GetComponent<BulletMove>();
                TankFather ballTank = ball.Tank.GetComponent<TankFather>();

                //当子弹不是自己打的到自己身上的时候
                if (ballTank.tag != "Player")
                {
                    //扣血
                    Heart(ballTank);

                }
            }
            catch
            {
                throw;
            }

        }

    }

}

子弹发射更新

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
//-------------------------------------
//—————————————————————————————————————
//___________项目:       ______________
//___________功能：  子弹的逻辑相关
//___________创建者：秩沅_______________
//_____________________________________
//-------------------------------------
public class BulletMove : MonoBehaviour
{
    public  GameObject Tank;          //挂载在哪个坦克上
    public  GameObject DeidEffect;
    public  AudioSource distorySound; //销毁的音效
 

    private void Start()
    {
       
    }
    //子弹的销毁及特效
    private void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)
    {
        if (other.CompareTag("Environment")|| other.CompareTag("Enemy"))
        {
            if (DeidEffect != null)
            {
                GameObject eff =  Instantiate(DeidEffect, transform.position, transform.rotation);
                //音效控制
                distorySound = eff.GetComponent<AudioSource>();
                distorySound.enabled = MusicContol.SingleMusicContol.nowMusicData.soundSwitch;
                distorySound.volume = MusicContol.SingleMusicContol.nowMusicData.soundRoll;
                eff.AddComponent<SelfDestroy>();
            }
            Destroy(this.gameObject,2f);          
        }    
    }
    

}

🎶（D）行为实现——敌军坦克的移动路线和检测攻击

😶‍🌫️：步骤实现

• 1.指定移动位置，设置朝向
• 2.行为逻辑封装。开火，受伤
• 3.自动检测闯入者

———— --------------————

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
//-------------------------------------
//—————————————————————————————————————
//___________项目:      
//___________功能：敌方坦克逻辑封装
//___________创建者：秩沅_______________
//_____________________________________
//-------------------------------------
public class EnemyTank:TankFather 
{
    //随机移动点的位置数组
    public  Transform[] randomPosition;
    //目标位置
    private Transform target;
    //目标坦克
    public Transform Player;
    //检测范围
    public float distance = 10f;

    public AudioSource shootMusic;   //发射音效
    public GameObject shootball;     //发射的子弹类型
    public float shootSpeed = 1000f; //子弹的速度 
    public Transform[] shootTransform; //发射的组件信息
    public bool shootSwitch = false;  
    private float endTime = 3f;      //子弹发射间隔的时间

    private void Start()
    {
        //属性初始化赋值
        
        maxBlood = 500;
        nowBlood = 500;
        attack = 30;
        HeadSpeed = 50;
        //射击音效关闭
        shootMusic.enabled = false;
        moveSpeed = 10f;
        //先随机整一个目标点
        RandomPosition();

    }
    private void Update()
    {    
        transform.LookAt(target);

        //始终超自己的正方向移动
        transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);  //当距离差不多相等时，再随机目标点
        if(Vector3.Distance(transform .position ,target .position)< 0.5f)
        {
            RandomPosition();
        }
            

        //范围检测
        if (Vector3 .Distance(transform .position ,Player.position )<= distance && Player !=null )
        {
            //炮口瞄准玩家
            Head.transform.LookAt(Player);
            //倒计时发射子弹
            endTime = Mathf.MoveTowards(endTime, 0, 0.1f);
            if (endTime <= 0)
            {
                Fire();
                endTime = 3f;
            }        
        }
     
    }

    //随机指向一个移动点
    public void RandomPosition()
    {
        if (randomPosition.Length != 0)

            target = randomPosition[Random.Range(0, randomPosition.Length)];
    }
    //触发检测
    private void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)
    {
       
        if (other.gameObject.tag == "bullet" )
        {
            //添加子弹挂载的目标坦克，方便获取该子弹的攻击力，与受伤逻辑相结合
            BulletMove ball = other.gameObject.GetComponent<BulletMove>();
            TankFather ballTank = ball.Tank.GetComponent<TankFather>();

            //当子弹不是自己打的到自己身上的时候
            if (ballTank.tag != gameObject.tag)
            {
                //扣血
                Heart(ballTank);
            }

        }
    }

    public override void Fire()
    {
        //开启射击音效
        shootMusic.enabled = true;
        shootMusic.Play();
        for (int i = 0; i < shootTransform.Length ; i++)
        {
            GameObject ball = Instantiate(shootball, shootTransform[i].position, shootTransform[i].rotation);
            BulletMove movScript = ball.GetComponent<BulletMove>();
            Rigidbody shootBall = ball.GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
            shootBall.AddForce(shootTransform[i].transform.forward * shootSpeed);
            movScript.Tank = gameObject;  //声明子弹是由谁打出去的
        }
     
    }

}

问题：
1.受到伤害，开启了保护罩但是不扣血
2.敌方坦克，原地打转，未按规定路线移动
解决：
1.子弹检测逻辑错误
2.位置空点绑定在对象身上变成了子对象因此无法达到效果

总结：

• 1.检测触发的方式：①触发器检测②向量距离检测
• 2.多点指定移动，加入向量距离判断，重合的机率小，故此不能 A物体距离 == B物体距离
• 3.子坦克继承了父类脚本，引用传递时直接用父类即可获得该子类，（原因父类名字相同，但是子类名字不同，无法确定，所以里氏替换作用在此体现）

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