一、杂谈
最近有很多热心网友反馈抖音去水印又不行了，之前是时不时被blocked，现在直接连内容都没有了，返回直接就是空了，我们今天简要给大家分析一下请求过程，附上delphi 源码，及生成签名验证，成功请求到json数据的解决方法。
二、请求过程分析
我们还是先获取一个抖音链接
https://v.douyin.com/A2VSVxc/
通过访问重定向
https://www.douyin.com/video/7065264218437717285
然后提取到其中的视频ID
7065264218437717285
如果是之前，我们会直接GET请求
https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/web/aweme/detail/?aweme_id=7065264218437717285
然后就能得到响应内容了。
但是这种方法已经失效了，今天我们会讲解如何在增加一些请求头参数以及X-Bogus后，可以仍然获取到JSON格式的数据。如：
{"aweme_detail":{"anchors":null,"authentication_token":"......
.........}
可以看到，获取到的aweme_detail json数据和以前一样。
三、URL参数X-Bogus
X-Bogus你可以理解为是一个根据视频ID及user-agent通过JS生成的用户信息参数，它可以用于校验。
详细的一篇分析可以参考Freebuf上的《【JS 逆向百例】某音 X-Bogus 逆向分析，JSVMP 纯算法还原》。
下面是完整的delphi 源码解析类，主要流程如下：
1.传入抖音分享链接：
https://v.douyin.com/A2VSVxc/
重定向得到：
https://www.douyin.com/video/7065264218437717285
2.提取到其中的视频ID：
7065264218437717285
3.无水印视频接口不变：
https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/web/aweme/detail/?aweme_id=7065264218437717285
4.（增加步骤4）根据X-Bogus 算法，传入url链接及USER_AGENT数据，生成一个形如：
https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/web/aweme/detail/?aweme_id=7065264218437717285&X-Bogus=DFSzswSL2MtANHxFtG3DB09WcBjv
一个携带X-Bogus签名验证字段的请求链接。使用这个链接发送GET请求，就能得到aweme_detail 的json 数据了。不信大家可以试试。不过，这个链接是不能
在浏览器直接访问的，还必须加上cookie,refer等请求头数据，详情看下面的Tdouyin解析类。
5.关于高清无水印视频链接的获取方法
从"aweme_detail" json数据解析出视频的Uri项，带入高清视频接口：
https://aweme.snssdk.com/aweme/v1/play/?video_id=v0200fg10000c86doo3c77uai4m711qg&ratio=1080p&line=0
执行重定向getRedirectedUrl（）得到高清无水印链接：
https://v95-p-cold.douyinvod.com/9f8215c6204afafffee302e612317776/64201324/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15c001-alinc2/35721d123b6243cca42398b0c5243c32/?a=1128&ch=0&cr=0&dr=0&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C0&cv=1&br=2209&bt=2209&cs=0&ds=4&ft=bvjWJkQQqUsmfd4ZFo0OW_EklpPiXnlFZMVJEEy8kdbPD-I&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=NDU3Omc3aDY8ZGc7OTkzOUBpajQ6N2Q6ZnJnOzMzNGkzM0BiXjE0NTQvXmExNTVeNTU2YSNuLmpmcjQwbDNgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&l=20230326163724C8959375177E24BE6CEE&btag=a8000
详细步骤看以下TDouyin解析类，关键代码处都有注解：
1.解析类：
unit uDouyin;
interface
uses
windows,classes,System.Net.URLClient, System.Net.HttpClient, System.Net.HttpClientComponent,
System.SysUtils,strutils,uLog,System.RegularExpressions,uFuncs,system.JSON,uConfig,
uVideoInfo,uDownVideo;
const
wm_user=$0400;
wm_downfile=wm_user+100+1; //消息参数；
//USER_AGENT标识客户端的类型，这儿是电脑浏览器端。
USER_AGENT:string='Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36';
//USER_AGENT标识客户端的类型，这儿是手机APP端。
USER_AGENT_PHONE:string='Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 15_6 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/15.6 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1';
USER_AGENT_PHONE_2:string='TikTok 26.2.0 rv:262018 (iPhone; iOS 14.4.2; en_US) Cronet';
//无水印视频接口，跟以前一样。
DOUYIN_API_URL:string='https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/web/aweme/detail/?aweme_id=' ;
DOUYIN_API_URL_2:string='https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/web/aweme/detail/?aweme_id=%s&aid=1128&version_name=23.5.0&device_platform=android&os_version=2333' ;
//高清无水印视频接口：
DOUYIN_API_URL_1080 = 'https://aweme.snssdk.com/aweme/v1/play/?video_id=%s&ratio=1080p&line=0';
type
TDouyin=class(TThread) //支持多线程下载；
private
FId:cardinal; //线程标识；
Furl:string; //分享的链接；;
FRedirectedUrl:string; //重定向后的链接；
Fvideourl:string; //解析后得到的无水印视频链接；
FvideoId:string; //视频id 如：7065264218437717285
FvideoTitle:string; //视频标题
Fnickname:string; //作者昵称
FcoverUrl:string; //视频封面链接
Fmsg:string; //线程消息
Fsavedir:string; //保存视频文件及封面图片的目录
Furl_1080:string; //高清视频链接
Furi_1080:string; //高清视频uri参数 不懂的+v:metabycf
Fphotos:string;
class var Fcookie: string; //cookie参数 ，可从浏览器获取 静态类成员
class var Fform: HWND; //接收消息的窗体句柄 类成员
procedure SetId(id:cardinal); //设置线程id
procedure SetSaveDir(dir:string); //设置保存目录
class procedure SetForm(const hForm: HWND); static; //设置窗体句柄 静态方法
class procedure SetCookie(const cookie: string); static; //设置cookie 静态方法
protected
procedure Execute; override;
public
constructor Create(id:cardinal;url:string);
destructor Destroy;
property id:cardinal read FId write SetId; //id属性
property url:string read Furl; //分享链接 属性
property msg:string read Fmsg; //线程消息 属性
property videourl:string read Fvideourl; //无水印视频链接 属性
property videoTitle:string read FvideoTitle; //视频标题 属性
property nickname:string read Fnickname; //用户昵称
property RedirectedUrl:string read FRedirectedUrl; //重定向链接 属性
property videoId:string read FvideoId; //视频id 属性 如：7065264218437717285
property coverUrl:string read FcoverUrl; //封面链接 属性
property url_1080:string read Furl_1080; //高清视频链接 属性
property photos:string read Fphotos;
property savedir:string read Fsavedir write setSaveDir; //保存目录 属性
function getRedirectedUrl(url:string):string;overload; //获取重定向链接
function getRedirectedUrl(url,refer,user_agent:string):string;overload; //获取重定向链接
function getVideoId(txt:string):string; //解析出视频id 如：7065264218437717285
function getVideoUrl():string; //解析无水印视频地址，封面链接，视频标题 工作流程方法在这儿：
function parseJson(jo:string):string; //解析aweme_detail json数据
class property form: HWND read Fform write SetForm; //窗体句柄 类属性
class property cookie: string read Fcookie write SetCookie; //cookie 类属性
function getPostResult(data:string):string; //post 请求
function getRequestResult2(apiurl:string;Cookie:string):string; //GET 请求
function getBogusUrl(url:string):string; X-Bogus 算法 不明白的+v:metabycf
end;
implementation
//解析无水印视频地址，封面链接，视频标题 工作流程方法在这儿：
function TDouyin.getVideoUrl():string;
var
apiurl,apiurl2,jo:string;
i:integer;
video:TvideoInfo;
down:TdownVideo;
begin
result:='';
FcoverUrl:='';
FvideoUrl:='';
Fphotos:='';
try
//第一步：执行重定向，从而获取到视频id
//如：https://www.douyin.com/video/7065264218437717285
FRedirectedUrl:=getRedirectedUrl(Furl,Furl,USER_AGENT);
log('FRedirectedUrl='+FRedirectedUrl); //日志记录
if(FRedirectedUrl)='' then exit;
//第二步：分析出视频id,如：7065264218437717285
FvideoId:=getVideoId(FRedirectedUrl);
log('FvideoId='+FvideoId); //日志记录
if(FvideoId)='' then exit;
//apiurl:=DOUYIN_API_URL+FvideoId; //视频接口
apiurl:=format(DOUYIN_API_URL_2,[FvideoId]); //视频接口
//第三步：计算X-Bogus验证，加到视频接口上。得到新的请求链接 多了这一步骤。
//如：https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/web/aweme/detail/?aweme_id=7065264218437717285&X-Bogus=DFSzswSL2MtANHxFtG3DB09WcBjv
//不明白的+v:metabycf
apiurl2:=getBogusUrl(apiurl); //具有X-Bogus验证的视频接口 多了这一步骤。
log(apiurl2); //日志记录
if(apiurl2='')then begin log('apiurl2=k');exit;end;
//第四步：发送GET请求，带上cookie,refer参数；到这一步，已经能拿到"aweme_detail" json数据了。
jo:=getRequestResult2(apiurl2,Fcookie);
Fmsg:=jo;
log(jo); //日志记录
if(pos('aweme_detail',jo)<=0)then begin
log('aweme_detail=k');
exit;
end;
if(pos('"aweme_detail":null',jo)>0)then exit;
//第五步： 解析 "aweme_detail" json数据
parseJson(jo);
//第六步： 1解析 图文
if(Fphotos<>'')then
begin
video:=TvideoInfo.Create(Fvideotitle,coverUrl,'',Fphotos);
down:=TdownVideo.Create(Fid,video,Fsavedir,false);
//down.form:=Fform;
//down.cookie:=Fcookie;
//if(DEBUG=true)then downvideo.process else
down.Start;
exit;
end;
//第六步： 2解析 高清视频地址
if(Furi_1080<>'')then //Furi_1080为视频 uri
begin
Furl_1080:=format(DOUYIN_API_URL_1080,[Furi_1080]);
log(Furl_1080); //日志记录
Furl_1080:=getRedirectedUrl(Furl_1080,FRedirectedUrl, USER_AGENT_PHONE); //重定向
log('Furl_1080='+Furl_1080); //日志记录
end;
//第七步： 启动下载线程，下载视频文件和封面图片。
if(Fvideotitle<>'')and(Furl_1080<>'')and(FcoverUrl<>'')then
begin
video:=TvideoInfo.Create(Fvideotitle,coverUrl,Furl_1080,'');
down:=TdownVideo.Create(Fid,video,Fsavedir,false);
//down.form:=Fform;
//down.cookie:=Fcookie;
down.Start;
end;
finally
//第八步： 发送解析完成消息。
Fmsg:='complete';
SendMessage(Fform,wm_downfile,2,integer(self));
end;
end;
//第四步：发送GET请求，带上cookie,refer参数；到这一步，已经能拿到"aweme_detail" json数据了。
function TDouyin.getRequestResult2(apiurl:string;Cookie:string):string;
var
client: TNetHTTPClient;
ss: TStringStream;
s,id:string;
AResponse:IHTTPResponse;
i:integer;
begin
try
client := TNetHTTPClient.Create(nil);
SS := TStringStream.Create('', TEncoding.UTF8);
ss.Clear;
with client do
begin
ConnectionTimeout := 10000; // 10秒
ResponseTimeout := 10000; // 10秒
AcceptCharSet := 'utf-8';
UserAgent := USER_AGENT; //1 USER_AGENT USER_AGENT_PHONE_2
client.AllowCookies:=true;
client.HandleRedirects:=true;
Accept:='application/json'; //'*/*'
client.ContentType:='application/json'; //2
client.AcceptLanguage:='zh-CN';
client.CustomHeaders['Cookie'] := cookie;
client.CustomHeaders['Referer'] := Furl;
try
AResponse:=Get(apiurl, ss);
result:=ss.DataString;
except
on E: Exception do
Log(e.Message);
end;
end;
finally
ss.Free;
client.Free;
end;
end;
//第五步： 解析 "aweme_detail" json数据 :分为视频和图文两类
function TDouyin.parseJson(jo:string):string;
var
json,jroot,jvideo,j1,j2: TJSONObject;
arr,arr1:TJSONARRAY;
uri,aweme_type,photo:string;
i:integer;
begin
result:='';
try
json := TJSONObject.ParseJSONValue(jo) as TJSONObject;
if json = nil then exit;
jroot:=json.GetValue('aweme_detail') as TJSONObject;
FvideoTitle:=trim(jroot.GetValue('desc').Value);
aweme_type:=jroot.GetValue('aweme_type').Value;
if(aweme_type='68')then //图文
begin
arr:=jroot.GetValue('images') as TJSONARRAY;
for I := 0 to arr.Size-1 do
begin
j1:=arr.Get(i) as TJSONObject;
arr1:=j1.GetValue('url_list') as TJSONARRAY;
photo:=arr1.Items[0].Value;
Fphotos:=Fphotos+photo+#13#10;
end;
result:='#100#'+Fphotos+'#'+FcoverUrl+'#'+FvideoTitle;
exit;
end;
jvideo:=jroot.GetValue('video') as TJSONObject;
j1:=jvideo.GetValue('cover') as TJSONObject; //cover origin_cover
arr:=j1.GetValue('url_list') as TJSONARRAY;
FcoverUrl:=arr[0].Value;
j1:=jvideo.GetValue('play_addr') as TJSONObject;
arr:=j1.GetValue('url_list') as TJSONARRAY;
FvideoUrl:=arr[0].Value;
FvideoUrl:=stringreplace(FvideoUrl,'playwm','play',[rfReplaceAll]);
Furi_1080:=j1.GetValue('uri').Value;
result:='#100#'+FvideoUrl+'#'+FcoverUrl+'#'+FvideoTitle;
finally
if json <> nil then json.Free;
end;
end;
//第二步：分析出视频id,如：7065264218437717285
function TDouyin.getVideoId(txt:string):string;
var
m:TMatch;
i:integer;
begin
result:='';
m := TRegEx.Match(txt,'/video/([^/?]+)/');
if(m.Groups[1].Success=false) or (length(m.Groups[1].Value)<>19)then exit;
result:=m.Groups[1].Value;
end;
//X-Bogus 算法 不明白的+v:metabycf
function TDouyin.getBogusUrl(url:string):string;
var
json:TJSONObject;
data:string;
begin
result:='';
try
json:=TJSONObject.Create;
json.AddPair('url',url);
json.AddPair('user_agent',USER_AGENT);
data:=json.ToString;
log(data);
data:=getPostResult(data);
log(data);
if(data='')then exit;
json:=TJSONObject.ParseJSONValue(data) as TJSONObject;
result:=json.GetValue('param').Value;
finally
json.Free;
end;
end;
//第一步：执行重定向，从而获取到视频id
function TDouyin.getRedirectedUrl(url,refer,user_agent:string):string;
var
client: TNetHTTPClient;
ss: TStringStream;
s,id:string;
AResponse:IHTTPResponse;
i:integer;
begin
try
client := TNetHTTPClient.Create(nil);
SS := TStringStream.Create('', TEncoding.UTF8);
ss.Clear;
with client do
begin
ConnectionTimeout := 2000; // 2秒
ResponseTimeout := 2000; // 10秒
AcceptCharSet := 'utf-8';
UserAgent := user_agent;
client.AllowCookies:=true;
client.HandleRedirects:=false;
Accept:='*/*';
client.CustomHeaders['Referer'] := refer;
try
AResponse:=Get(url, ss);
Log('getRedirectedUrl AResponse='+ss.DataString);
s:=AResponse.HeaderValue['Location'];
if(s='')then exit;
result:=s;
except
on E: Exception do
Log(e.Message);
end;
end;
finally
ss.Free;
client.Free;
end;
end;
constructor TDouyin.Create(id:cardinal;url:string);
begin
//inherited;
//FreeOnTerminate := True;
inherited Create(True);
FId:=id;
Furl:=url; //分享链接
Furi_1080:=''; //视频uri
Fphotos:='';
end;
destructor TDouyin.Destroy;
begin
inherited Destroy;
end;
//工作线程
procedure TDouyin.Execute;
begin
try
getVideoUrl();
finally
end;
end;
//------------------------------------------属性方法-------------------------------------
procedure TDouyin.SetId(Id:cardinal);
begin
FId:=Id;
end;
class procedure TDouyin.SetForm(const hForm: HWND);
begin
Fform:=hForm;
end;
procedure TDouyin.SetSaveDir(dir:string);
begin
Fsavedir:=dir;
end;
class procedure TDouyin.SetCookie(const cookie: string);
begin
Fcookie:=cookie;
end;
end.2、视频信息
unit uVideoInfo;
interface
type
TVideoInfo=class
private
Ftitle:string; //标题
FcoverUrl:string; //封面地址
FvideoUrl:string; //视频地址
Fphotos:string; //图片地址
procedure SetTitle(title:string);
public
property title:string read Ftitle write Settitle;
property coverUrl:string read FcoverUrl;
property videoUrl:string read FvideoUrl;
property photos:string read Fphotos;
constructor Create(title,coverUrl,videoUrl,photos:string);
end;
implementation
constructor TVideoInfo.Create(title,coverUrl,videoUrl,photos:string);
begin
Ftitle:=title;
FcoverUrl:=coverUrl;
FvideoUrl:=videoUrl;
Fphotos:=photos;
end;
procedure TVideoInfo.Settitle(title:string);
begin
Ftitle:=title;
end;
end.3、下载
unit uDownVideo;
interface
uses
windows,classes,System.Net.URLClient, System.Net.HttpClient, System.Net.HttpClientComponent,
System.SysUtils,strutils,uLog,System.RegularExpressions,uFuncs,system.JSON,uConfig,
uVideoInfo,WinInet,urlmon,shlobj,ioutils;
const
wm_user=$0400;
wm_downfile=wm_user+100+1;
USER_AGENT:string='Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36';
type
TDownVideo=class(TThread)
private
FId:cardinal;
Fvideo:TvideoInfo;
Fsavedir:string;
FvideoFilename:string;
FcoverFilename:string;
FphotoFilename:string; //图片文件名
Fmsg:string;
FSerial:boolean; //是否在文件名前面加入序号；
Fsuccess:boolean;
Frefer:string;
class var Fcookie: string;
procedure SetId(id:cardinal);
procedure SetSavedir(dir:string);
procedure SetRefer(refer:string);
class var Fform: HWND;
class procedure SetForm(const hForm: HWND); static;
class procedure SetCookie(const cookie: string); static;
function DownloadFile(SourceFile, DestFile: string): Boolean;
protected
procedure Execute; override;
public
constructor Create(id:cardinal;video:TvideoInfo;savedir:string;bSerial:boolean);
destructor Destroy;
property id:cardinal read FId write SetId;
property savedir:string read Fsavedir write SetSavedir;
property video:TvideoInfo read Fvideo;
property msg:string read Fmsg;
property videoFilename:string read FvideoFilename;
property coverFilename:string read FcoverFilename;
property photoFilename:string read FphotoFilename;
property serial:boolean read Fserial;
property success:boolean read Fsuccess;
property refer:string read Frefer write SetRefer;
class property cookie: string read Fcookie write SetCookie;
class property form: HWND read Fform write SetForm;
function formatFilename(caption:string):string;
function formatDir(dir:string):string;
function GetValidName(s:string):string;
procedure downloadFileLog(SourceFile, DestFile: string);
procedure process();
end;
implementation
//bSerial为是否给文件名加上序号
constructor TDownVideo.Create(id:cardinal;video:TvideoInfo;savedir:string;bSerial:boolean);
begin
//inherited;
//FreeOnTerminate := True;
inherited Create(True);
FId:=id;
Fvideo:=video;
Fsavedir:=formatdir(savedir);
Fmsg:='';
FvideoFilename:='';
FcoverFilename:='';
FphotoFilename:='';
Fsuccess:=false;
Fserial:=bSerial;
if(not directoryexists(Fsavedir))then
forcedirectories(Fsavedir);
end;
destructor TDownVideo.Destroy;
begin
inherited Destroy;
end;
//下载流程
procedure TDownVideo.process();
var
dir,title,photoUrl,photoname:string;
b:boolean;
photolist:tstrings;
i:integer;
begin
photolist:=nil;
try
title:=formatfilename(trim(video.title));
if(Fvideo.photos='')then //下载视频
begin
if(Fserial=true)then
begin
FcoverFilename:=Fsavedir+'\'+inttostr(Fid)+'.'+title+'.webp';
FvideoFilename:=Fsavedir+'\'+inttostr(Fid)+'.'+title+'.mp4';
end else begin
FcoverFilename:=Fsavedir+'\'+title+'.webp';
FvideoFilename:=Fsavedir+'\'+title+'.mp4';
end;
if(video.coverUrl<>'')then downloadFileLog(Fvideo.coverUrl,FcoverFilename);
if(video.videoUrl<>'')then downloadFileLog(Fvideo.videoUrl,FvideoFilename);
end else begin //下载图片
photolist:=tstringlist.Create;
photolist.Text:=video.photos;
if(Fserial=true)then
dir:=Fsavedir+'\'+inttostr(Fid)+'.'+title
else
dir:=Fsavedir+'\'+title;
forcedirectories(dir);
if(Fvideo.coverUrl<>'')then
begin
FcoverFilename:=dir+'\0.封面 '+title+'.webp';
downloadFileLog(Fvideo.coverUrl,FcoverFilename);
end;
for I := 0 to photolist.Count-1 do
begin
photoUrl:=photolist[i];
if(trim(photoUrl)='')then continue;
photoname:=dir+'\'+inttostr(i+1)+'.'+title+'.webp';
downloadFileLog(photoUrl,photoname);
FphotoFilename:=FphotoFilename+photoname+#13#10;
end;
end;
finally
Fmsg:='complete';
if(photolist<>nil)then photolist.Free;
SendMessage(Fform,wm_downfile,1,integer(self));
end;
end;
//线程中执行下载
procedure TDownVideo.Execute;
begin
process();
end;
function TDownVideo.GetValidName(s:string):string;
var
c:char;
txt:string;
begin
txt:=s;
for c in TPath.GetInvalidFileNameChars() do
begin
txt:=stringreplace(txt,c,'',[rfReplaceAll]);
end;
result:=txt;
end;
//去除文件名中的非法字符
function TDownVideo.formatFilename(caption:string):string;
var
s:string;
begin
s:=caption;
if(length(s)>72)then s:=leftstr(s,72);
result:=GetValidName(s);
end;
//去除路径中的非法字符
function TDownVideo.formatDir(dir:string):string;
var
caption:string;
begin
caption:=trim(extractfilename(dir));
if(length(caption)>72)then caption:=leftstr(caption,72);
caption:=GetValidName(caption);
result:=extractfilepath(dir)+caption;
end;
//下载文件
procedure TDownVideo.downloadFileLog(SourceFile, DestFile: string);
begin
if(fileexists(DestFile))then deletefile(DestFile);
if(Downloadfile(SourceFile,DestFile))then
begin
log('成功：'+DestFile);
Fsuccess:=true;
end else begin
log('失败：'+DestFile+' '+SourceFile);
Fsuccess:=false;
end;
end;
//下载文件
function TDownVideo.DownloadFile(SourceFile, DestFile: string): Boolean;
begin
try
DeleteUrlCacheEntry(pchar(SourceFile));
Result := UrlDownloadToFile(nil, PChar(SourceFile), PChar(DestFile), 0, nil) = 0;
except
Result := False;
end;
end;
//------------------------------------------属性方法-------------------------------------
procedure TDownVideo.SetSavedir(dir:string);
begin
Fsavedir:=dir;
end;
procedure TDownVideo.SetRefer(refer:string);
begin
Frefer:=refer;
end;
class procedure TDownVideo.SetCookie(const cookie: string);
begin
Fcookie:=cookie;
end;
procedure TDownVideo.SetId(Id:cardinal);
begin
FId:=Id;
end;
class procedure TDownVideo.SetForm(const hForm: HWND);
begin
Fform:=hForm;
end;
end.
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