一、在Linux下启动Oracle
1.登录到Linux服务器（ssh）
2.切换到oracle用户权限
(命令是：# su –l oracle)
3.进入sqlplus界面(命令是：$ sqlplus /nolog 或 sqlplus / as sysdba)
原本的画面会变为
SQL>
接着请输入
SQL>conn / as sysdba ;
输入
SQL> startup (作用：启动数据库实例)
另外停止数据库的指令如下：
SQL> shutdown immediate
二、检查Oracle 数据库是否启动
回到终端机模式，输入：ps -ef|grep ora_ (作用是：查看是否有Oracle的进程,如果有,大多数情况说明启动了。)
[oracle@localhost ~]$ ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle 12193 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl
oracle 12195 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle 12199 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle 12201 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle 12203 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle 12205 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle 12207 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle 12209 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle 12211 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle 12213 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle 12215 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl
oracle 12217 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle 12219 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle 12221 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle 12223 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle 12225 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle 12227 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle 12239 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle 12257 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle 12277 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle 12279 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl
oracle 12389 10058 0 11:01 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto ora_
[oracle@localhost ~]$
三、检查Oracle DB监听器是否正常
输入：$ lsnrctl status (作用是：检查监听是否启动。) 以下为没有启动。
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-MAR-2022 11:03:33
Copyright © 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
[oracle@localhost ~]$ ^C
[oracle@localhost ~]$
如果没有启动，可以输入：$ lsnrctl start (作用是：启动监听器)
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-MAR-2022 11:04:48
Copyright © 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 17-MAR-2022 11:04:48
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary…
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@localhost ~]$
另外停止监听的指令如下：文章来源：https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-687738.html
$ lsnrctl stop文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-687738.html
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