ASP.NET Core 中的两种 Web API-Toy模板网

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ASP.NET Core 有两种创建 RESTful Web API 的方式：

基于 Controller，使用完整的基于ControllerBase的基类定义接口endpoints。
基于 Minimal APIs，使用Lambda表达式定义接口 endpoints。

基于 Controller 的 Web API 可以使用构造函数注入，或者属性注入，遵循面向对象模式。
基于 Minimal APIs 的 Web API 通过 service provider 使用注入。

基于Controller 的 Web API 例子：

namespace APIWithControllers;
public class Program
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
        builder.Services.AddControllers();
        var app = builder.Build();
        app.UseHttpsRedirection();
        app.MapControllers();
        app.Run();
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace APIWithControllers.Controllers;
[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class WeatherForecastController : ControllerBase
{
    private static readonly string[] Summaries = new[]
    {
        "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching"
    };

    private readonly ILogger<WeatherForecastController> _logger;

    public WeatherForecastController(ILogger<WeatherForecastController> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }
    [HttpGet(Name = "GetWeatherForecast")]
    public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()
    {
        return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast
        {
            Date = DateOnly.FromDateTime(DateTime.Now.AddDays(index)),
            TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
            Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]
        })
        .ToArray();
    }
}

基于 Minimal APIs 的 Web API 例子：

namespace MinimalAPI;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

        var app = builder.Build();

        app.UseHttpsRedirection();

        var summaries = new[]
        {
            "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching"
        };

        app.MapGet("/weatherforecast", (HttpContext httpContext) =>
        {
            var forecast = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index =>
                new WeatherForecast
                {
                    Date = DateOnly.FromDateTime(DateTime.Now.AddDays(index)),
                    TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
                    Summary = summaries[Random.Shared.Next(summaries.Length)]
                })
                .ToArray();
            return forecast;
        });

        app.Run();
    }
}