【C#】【串口通信（Serial Port）】建议串口调试WinForm桌面应用实例——已实现功能<存在未知BUG>

  1 namespace WinFormsApp1
  2 {
  3     partial class Form1
  4     {
  5         /// <summary>
  6         ///  Required designer variable.
  7         /// </summary>
  8         private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
  9 
 10         /// <summary>
 11         ///  Clean up any resources being used.
 12         /// </summary>
 13         /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
 14         protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
 15         {
 16             if (disposing && (components != null))
 17             {
 18                 components.Dispose();
 19             }
 20             base.Dispose(disposing);
 21         }
 22 
 23         #region Windows Form Designer generated code
 24 
 25         /// <summary>
 26         ///  Required method for Designer support - do not modify
 27         ///  the contents of this method with the code editor.
 28         /// </summary>
 29         private void InitializeComponent()
 30         {
 31             this.groupBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
 32             this.btOpenSerial = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
 33             this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
 34             this.label5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
 35             this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
 36             this.label4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
 37             this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
 38             this.cbStop = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
 39             this.comboBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
 40             this.cbCheck = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
 41             this.cbDataBits = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
 42             this.cbBaudRate = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
 43             this.cbSerialPort = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
 44             this.groupBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
 45             this.btSendData = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
 46             this.tbSendData = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
 47             this.groupBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
 48             this.rtbReceiveData = new System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox();
 49             this.lReceiveCount = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
 50             this.groupBox1.SuspendLayout();
 51             this.groupBox2.SuspendLayout();
 52             this.groupBox3.SuspendLayout();
 53             this.SuspendLayout();
 54             // 
 55             // groupBox1
 56             // 
 57             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btOpenSerial);
 58             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label3);
 59             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label5);
 60             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label2);
 61             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label4);
 62             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label1);
 63             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbStop);
 64             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.comboBox3);
 65             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbCheck);
 66             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbDataBits);
 67             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbBaudRate);
 68             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbSerialPort);
 69             this.groupBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
 70             this.groupBox1.Name = "groupBox1";
 71             this.groupBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(464, 160);
 72             this.groupBox1.TabIndex = 0;
 73             this.groupBox1.TabStop = false;
 74             this.groupBox1.Text = "串口设置";
 75             // 
 76             // btOpenSerial
 77             // 
 78             this.btOpenSerial.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 112);
 79             this.btOpenSerial.Name = "btOpenSerial";
 80             this.btOpenSerial.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(187, 26);
 81             this.btOpenSerial.TabIndex = 2;
 82             this.btOpenSerial.Text = "打开串口";
 83             this.btOpenSerial.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
 84             this.btOpenSerial.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btOpenSerial_Click);
 85             // 
 86             // label3
 87             // 
 88             this.label3.AutoSize = true;
 89             this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 116);
 90             this.label3.Name = "label3";
 91             this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17);
 92             this.label3.TabIndex = 1;
 93             this.label3.Text = "停止位：";
 94             // 
 95             // label5
 96             // 
 97             this.label5.AutoSize = true;
 98             this.label5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 74);
 99             this.label5.Name = "label5";
100             this.label5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17);
101             this.label5.TabIndex = 1;
102             this.label5.Text = "校验位：";
103             // 
104             // label2
105             // 
106             this.label2.AutoSize = true;
107             this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 74);
108             this.label2.Name = "label2";
109             this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17);
110             this.label2.TabIndex = 1;
111             this.label2.Text = "波特率：";
112             // 
113             // label4
114             // 
115             this.label4.AutoSize = true;
116             this.label4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 30);
117             this.label4.Name = "label4";
118             this.label4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17);
119             this.label4.TabIndex = 1;
120             this.label4.Text = "数据位：";
121             // 
122             // label1
123             // 
124             this.label1.AutoSize = true;
125             this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 30);
126             this.label1.Name = "label1";
127             this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(44, 17);
128             this.label1.TabIndex = 1;
129             this.label1.Text = "串口：";
130             // 
131             // cbStop
132             // 
133             this.cbStop.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;
134             this.cbStop.FormattingEnabled = true;
135             this.cbStop.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
136             "1",
137             "1.5",
138             "2"});
139             this.cbStop.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 113);
140             this.cbStop.Name = "cbStop";
141             this.cbStop.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
142             this.cbStop.TabIndex = 0;
143             // 
144             // comboBox3
145             // 
146             this.comboBox3.FormattingEnabled = true;
147             this.comboBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 113);
148             this.comboBox3.Name = "comboBox3";
149             this.comboBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
150             this.comboBox3.TabIndex = 0;
151             // 
152             // cbCheck
153             // 
154             this.cbCheck.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;
155             this.cbCheck.FormattingEnabled = true;
156             this.cbCheck.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
157             "None",
158             "Odd",
159             "Even"});
160             this.cbCheck.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(297, 71);
161             this.cbCheck.Name = "cbCheck";
162             this.cbCheck.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
163             this.cbCheck.TabIndex = 0;
164             // 
165             // cbDataBits
166             // 
167             this.cbDataBits.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;
168             this.cbDataBits.FormattingEnabled = true;
169             this.cbDataBits.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
170             "5",
171             "6",
172             "7",
173             "8"});
174             this.cbDataBits.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(297, 27);
175             this.cbDataBits.Name = "cbDataBits";
176             this.cbDataBits.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
177             this.cbDataBits.TabIndex = 0;
178             // 
179             // cbBaudRate
180             // 
181             this.cbBaudRate.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;
182             this.cbBaudRate.FormattingEnabled = true;
183             this.cbBaudRate.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
184             "9600",
185             "19200",
186             "38400",
187             "57600",
188             "115200"});
189             this.cbBaudRate.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 71);
190             this.cbBaudRate.Name = "cbBaudRate";
191             this.cbBaudRate.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
192             this.cbBaudRate.TabIndex = 0;
193             // 
194             // cbSerialPort
195             // 
196             this.cbSerialPort.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;
197             this.cbSerialPort.FormattingEnabled = true;
198             this.cbSerialPort.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 27);
199             this.cbSerialPort.Name = "cbSerialPort";
200             this.cbSerialPort.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25);
201             this.cbSerialPort.TabIndex = 0;
202             // 
203             // groupBox2
204             // 
205             this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.btSendData);
206             this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.tbSendData);
207             this.groupBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 178);
208             this.groupBox2.Name = "groupBox2";
209             this.groupBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(464, 88);
210             this.groupBox2.TabIndex = 1;
211             this.groupBox2.TabStop = false;
212             this.groupBox2.Text = "发送数据";
213             // 
214             // btSendData
215             // 
216             this.btSendData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 36);
217             this.btSendData.Name = "btSendData";
218             this.btSendData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(187, 26);
219             this.btSendData.TabIndex = 2;
220             this.btSendData.Text = "发送数据";
221             this.btSendData.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
222             this.btSendData.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btSendData_Click);
223             // 
224             // tbSendData
225             // 
226             this.tbSendData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 39);
227             this.tbSendData.Name = "tbSendData";
228             this.tbSendData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(187, 23);
229             this.tbSendData.TabIndex = 0;
230             // 
231             // groupBox3
232             // 
233             this.groupBox3.Controls.Add(this.rtbReceiveData);
234             this.groupBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 272);
235             this.groupBox3.Name = "groupBox3";
236             this.groupBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(464, 172);
237             this.groupBox3.TabIndex = 2;
238             this.groupBox3.TabStop = false;
239             this.groupBox3.Text = "接收数据";
240             // 
241             // rtbReceiveData
242             // 
243             this.rtbReceiveData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 22);
244             this.rtbReceiveData.Name = "rtbReceiveData";
245             this.rtbReceiveData.ScrollBars = System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBoxScrollBars.Vertical;
246             this.rtbReceiveData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(396, 144);
247             this.rtbReceiveData.TabIndex = 0;
248             this.rtbReceiveData.Text = "";
249             // 
250             // lReceiveCount
251             // 
252             this.lReceiveCount.AutoSize = true;
253             this.lReceiveCount.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 447);
254             this.lReceiveCount.Name = "lReceiveCount";
255             this.lReceiveCount.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(0, 17);
256             this.lReceiveCount.TabIndex = 3;
257             // 
258             // Form1
259             // 
260             this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 17F);
261             this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
262             this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(488, 468);
263             this.Controls.Add(this.lReceiveCount);
264             this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox3);
265             this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox2);
266             this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox1);
267             this.Name = "Form1";
268             this.Text = "Form1";
269             this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
270             this.groupBox1.ResumeLayout(false);
271             this.groupBox1.PerformLayout();
272             this.groupBox2.ResumeLayout(false);
273             this.groupBox2.PerformLayout();
274             this.groupBox3.ResumeLayout(false);
275             this.ResumeLayout(false);
276             this.PerformLayout();
277 
278         }
279 
280         #endregion
281 
282         private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox1;
283         private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox2;
284         private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox3;
285         private System.Windows.Forms.Button btOpenSerial;
286         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
287         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label5;
288         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
289         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label4;
290         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
291         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbStop;
292         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox3;
293         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbCheck;
294         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbDataBits;
295         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbBaudRate;
296         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbSerialPort;
297         private System.Windows.Forms.Button btSendData;
298         private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox tbSendData;
299         private System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox rtbReceiveData;
300         private System.Windows.Forms.Label lReceiveCount;
301     }
302 }

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.ComponentModel;
  4 using System.Data;
  5 using System.Drawing;
  6 using System.Linq;
  7 using System.Text;
  8 using System.Threading.Tasks;
  9 using System.Windows.Forms;
 10 using System.IO.Ports;
 11 
 12 namespace WinFormsApp1
 13 {
 14     public partial class Form1 : Form
 15     {
 16         SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort();
 17         public Form1()
 18         {
 19             InitializeComponent();
 20         }
 21 
 22         private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 23         {
 24             // 设置默认显示第几个选项
 25             cbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 0;
 26             cbDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
 27             cbCheck.SelectedIndex = 0;
 28             cbStop.SelectedIndex = 0;
 29 
 30             // GetPortNames()获取所有串口名称
 31             string[] serialPortNames = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
 32             if (serialPortNames == null) // 本机端口共七个，均不可用
 33             {
 34                 MessageBox.Show("本机没有可使用串口！", "Error");
 35                 return;
 36             }
 37             else
 38             {// 将所有本机串口名遍历加入串口comboBox组件中
 39                 foreach (string item in serialPortNames)
 40                     cbSerialPort.Items.Add(item);
 41 
 42             }
 43             cbSerialPort.SelectedIndex = 1;
 44 
 45             serialPort.BaudRate = 9600; // 设置选中串口的波特率
 46             Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false; // 线程安全检查
 47 
 48             //**
 49             serialPort.DataReceived += SerialPortsDataReceived; // 事件函数，接受串口数据
 50             //**
 51 
 52             serialPort.DtrEnable = true; // 获取或设置数据终端就绪(DTR)信号
 53             serialPort.RtsEnable = true; // 获取或设置启用请求发送(RTS)信号
 54 
 55             serialPort.ReadTimeout = 1000; // 设置数据读取超时为1秒
 56 
 57             serialPort.Close();
 58         }
 59 
 60         private void SerialPortsDataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
 61         {
 62             if (serialPort.IsOpen) // 判断串口是否启用
 63             {
 64                 DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;
 65                 rtbReceiveData.Text = dt.GetDateTimeFormats('f')[0].ToString() + "\r\n";
 66                 try
 67                 {
 68                     // 创建字节数组，接收串口发送的数据
 69                     Byte[] receivedData = new Byte[serialPort.BytesToRead];
 70                     // 读取数据
 71                     serialPort.Read(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length);
 72                     // 使用UTF8编码，保证中文不会乱码
 73                     AddContent(new UTF8Encoding().GetString(receivedData));
 74                 }
 75                 catch (System.Exception ex)
 76                 {
 77                     MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误提示");
 78                     // 捕获错误后，发送框置空
 79                     tbSendData.Text = "";
 80                 }
 81             }
 82             else
 83                 MessageBox.Show("请打开某个串口", "错误提示");
 84         }
 85 
 86         private void AddContent(String Content)
 87         {
 88             this.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
 89             {
 90                 rtbReceiveData.AppendText(Content);
 91                 rtbReceiveData.AppendText("\r\n");
 92                 lReceiveCount.Text = (int.Parse(lReceiveCount.Text) + Content.Length).ToString();
 93             }));
 94         }
 95 
 96         private void btOpenSerial_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 97         {
 98             if (!serialPort.IsOpen)
 99             {
100                 try
101                 {
102                     // 设置串口号
103                     string serialName = cbSerialPort.SelectedItem.ToString();
104                     serialPort.PortName = serialName;
105 
106                     // =========================
107                     string strBaudRate = cbBaudRate.Text;
108                     string strDataBits = cbDataBits.Text;
109                     string strCheckBits = cbCheck.Text;
110                     Double strStopBits = Convert.ToDouble(cbStop.Text);
111                     strStopBits = Math.Round(strStopBits, 1);
112                     //MessageBox.Show($"{cbCheck.Text}");
113 
114                     int iBaudRate;
115                     if (!int.TryParse(strBaudRate, out iBaudRate))
116                     {
117                         MessageBox.Show("波特率参数不正确！", "错误");
118                         return;
119                     }
120                     serialPort.BaudRate = iBaudRate;
121 
122                     int iDataBits;
123                     if (!int.TryParse(strDataBits, out iDataBits))
124                     {
125                         MessageBox.Show("数据位参数不正确！", "错误");
126                         return;
127                     }
128                     serialPort.DataBits = iDataBits;
129 
130                     switch (strStopBits) // 停止位
131                     {
132                         case 1.0:
133                             serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;
134                             break;
135                         case 1.5:
136                             serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
137                             break;
138                         case 2.0:
139                             serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
140                             break;
141                         default:
142                             MessageBox.Show("Error：Stop参数不正确!", "Error");
143                             return;
144                     }
145 
146                     switch (strCheckBits) // 校验位
147                     {
148                         case "None":
149                             serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;
150                             break;
151                         case "Odd":
152                             serialPort.Parity = Parity.Odd;
153                             break;
154                         case "Even":
155                             serialPort.Parity = Parity.Even;
156                             break;
157                         default:
158                             MessageBox.Show("Error：Check参数不正确!", "Error");
159                             return;
160                     }
161 
162                     if (!serialPort.IsOpen) // 如果打开失败，则更新按钮文本为"打开串口"
163                         btOpenSerial.Text = "打开串口";
164                     else // 否则更新按钮文本为"关闭串口"
165                         btOpenSerial.Text = "关闭串口";
166 
167                     //设置必要控件不可用
168                     cbSerialPort.Enabled = false;
169                     cbBaudRate.Enabled = false;
170                     cbDataBits.Enabled = false;
171                     cbStop.Enabled = false;
172                     cbCheck.Enabled = false;
173 
174                     serialPort.Open();
175                 }
176                 catch (System.Exception ex)
177                 {
178                     MessageBox.Show("Error" + ex.Message, "Error");
179                     return;
180                 }
181             }
182             else
183             {
184                 //恢复控件功能
185                 //设置必要控件不可用
186                 cbSerialPort.Enabled = true;
187                 cbBaudRate.Enabled = true;
188                 cbDataBits.Enabled = true;
189                 cbStop.Enabled = true;
190                 cbCheck.Enabled = true;
191                 serialPort.Close();                    //关闭串口
192                 btOpenSerial.Text = "打开串口";
193             }
194         }
195 
196         private void btSendData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
197         {
198             byte[] sendData = null;
199             if (!serialPort.IsOpen) //如果没打开
200             {
201                 MessageBox.Show("请先打开串口！", "Error");
202                 return;
203             }
204             String strSend = tbSendData.Text;
205             try
206             {
207                 sendData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tbSendData.Text.Trim());
208                 //sp1.WriteLine(txtSendStr.Text);    //写入数据
209                 serialPort.Write(sendData, 0, sendData.Length);
210             }
211             catch (Exception ex)
212             {
213                 MessageBox.Show("Error:" + ex.Message, "Error");
214             }
215         }
216 
217     }
218 }