Xubuntu16.04系统中安装create_ap创建无线AP:
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45445740/article/details/133972642?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
1.create_ap.conf 配置文件解析
/etc/create_ap.conf
CHANNEL=default:无线热点的频道设置为默认信道。
GATEWAY=10.0.0.1:设置无线热点的网关地址为10.0.0.1。
WPA_VERSION=2:设置无线热点使用的WPA版本为2。
ETC_HOSTS=0:禁用/etc/hosts文件的解析。
DHCP_DNS=gateway:设置无线热点的DHCP DNS服务器为网关地址。
NO_DNS=0:启用无线热点的DNS服务器。
NO_DNSMASQ=0:启用DNSMASQ服务。
HIDDEN=0:无线热点的SSID不隐藏。
MAC_FILTER=0:禁用MAC地址过滤。
MAC_FILTER_ACCEPT=/etc/hostapd/hostapd.accept:指定MAC地址过滤的白名单文件路径。
ISOLATE_CLIENTS=0:不隔离连接到无线热点的客户端之间的通信。
SHARE_METHOD=nat:使用NAT方式进行无线热点的Internet共享。
IEEE80211N=0:禁用802.11n标准。(2.4G)
IEEE80211AC=0:禁用802.11ac标准。(5G)
HT_CAPAB=[HT40+]:启用HT40+高级设置。
VHT_CAPAB=:未指定VHT_CAPAB。
DRIVER=nl80211:使用nl80211驱动程序。
NO_VIRT=0:启用虚拟无线接口。
COUNTRY=:未指定国家代码。
FREQ_BAND=2.4:设置频段为2.4GHz。
NEW_MACADDR=:未指定新的MAC地址。
DAEMONIZE=0:不将create_ap进程置于后台运行。
NO_HAVEGED=0:启用haveged服务。
WIFI_IFACE=wlp3s0:指定用于创建无线热点的无线网卡接口。
INTERNET_IFACE=enp1s0:指定用于连接到Internet的有线网卡接口。
SSID=0125:设置无线热点的SSID为0125。
PASSPHRASE=12345678:设置无线热点的密码为12345678。
USE_PSK=0:禁用预共享密钥(PSK)。
2.关于信号强度和延时
2.1 信号强度
推荐测试信号强度的APP
2.2 信号延时
有时候明明信号强度很好,但延时却很高,可能是当前信道的网络较多。
要判断哪个信道不拥堵,可以考虑以下几个因素:
- 信道的使用情况:观察每个信道的使用情况,特别是附近的WIFI网络和其他无线设备。如果某个信道上有多个网络同时使用,那么该信道可能会拥堵。相反,如果某个信道上没有或只有少数网络使用,那么该信道可能不拥堵。
- 信道的干扰情况:除了WIFI网络,还要注意其他可能引起干扰的设备,如蓝牙设备、微波炉等。这些设备可能会占用特定的频段,导致信道拥堵。因此,选择一个与这些设备干扰较少的信道可能更好。
- 信道的频率:不同信道的频率可能会有所不同。一般来说,较高频率的信道可能会有更高的带宽和速度,但在传输距离上可能较短(5G)。因此,如果你的设备距离WIFI路由器较近,可以考虑选择较高频率的信道。
综合考虑以上因素,你可以选择一个较少拥堵、干扰较少且适合你的设备的信道。在给定的信息中,你可以观察每个信道的频率和可能的干扰源,并根据这些信息来判断哪个信道可能不拥堵。
使用iwlist
命令来列出无线网卡支持的所有信道:
sudo iwlist wlp3s0 channel
root@bossdog-2177018234:/etc# iwlist wlp3s0 channel
wlp3s0 32 channels in total; available frequencies :
Channel 01 : 2.412 GHz
Channel 02 : 2.417 GHz
Channel 03 : 2.422 GHz
Channel 04 : 2.427 GHz
Channel 05 : 2.432 GHz
Channel 06 : 2.437 GHz
Channel 07 : 2.442 GHz
Channel 08 : 2.447 GHz
Channel 09 : 2.452 GHz
Channel 10 : 2.457 GHz
Channel 11 : 2.462 GHz
Channel 12 : 2.467 GHz
Channel 13 : 2.472 GHz
Channel 36 : 5.18 GHz
Channel 40 : 5.2 GHz
Channel 44 : 5.22 GHz
Channel 48 : 5.24 GHz
Channel 52 : 5.26 GHz
Channel 56 : 5.28 GHz
Channel 60 : 5.3 GHz
Channel 64 : 5.32 GHz
Channel 100 : 5.5 GHz
Channel 104 : 5.52 GHz
Channel 108 : 5.54 GHz
Channel 112 : 5.56 GHz
Channel 116 : 5.58 GHz
Channel 120 : 5.6 GHz
Channel 124 : 5.62 GHz
Channel 128 : 5.64 GHz
Channel 132 : 5.66 GHz
Channel 136 : 5.68 GHz
Channel 140 : 5.7 GHz
2.3 网络延时测试工具推荐——PingPlotter
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45946755/article/details/104594683
关于工具的介绍:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1kx41117jt/?p=6&spm_id_from=333.1007.top_right_bar_window_history.content.click
3.确定当前网卡是否支持5G网络
iw reg get
iw list
root@bossdog-2177018234:/etc# iw list
Wiphy phy0
max # scan SSIDs: 20
max scan IEs length: 425 bytes
Retry short limit: 7
Retry long limit: 4
Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m)
Device supports RSN-IBSS.
Device supports AP-side u-APSD.
Device supports T-DLS.
Supported Ciphers:
* WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1)
* WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5)
* TKIP (00-0f-ac:2)
* CCMP (00-0f-ac:4)
* CMAC (00-0f-ac:6)
Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0
Supported interface modes:
* IBSS
* managed
* AP
* AP/VLAN
* monitor
* P2P-client
* P2P-GO
* P2P-device
Band 1:
Capabilities: 0x11ef
RX LDPC
HT20/HT40
SM Power Save disabled
RX HT20 SGI
RX HT40 SGI
TX STBC
RX STBC 1-stream
Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes
DSSS/CCK HT40
Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003)
Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 4 usec (0x05)
HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15
Bitrates (non-HT):
* 1.0 Mbps
* 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported)
* 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported)
* 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported)
* 6.0 Mbps
* 9.0 Mbps
* 12.0 Mbps
* 18.0 Mbps
* 24.0 Mbps
* 36.0 Mbps
* 48.0 Mbps
* 54.0 Mbps
Frequencies:
* 2412 MHz [1] (22.0 dBm)
* 2417 MHz [2] (22.0 dBm)
* 2422 MHz [3] (22.0 dBm)
* 2427 MHz [4] (22.0 dBm)
* 2432 MHz [5] (22.0 dBm)
* 2437 MHz [6] (22.0 dBm)
* 2442 MHz [7] (22.0 dBm)
* 2447 MHz [8] (22.0 dBm)
* 2452 MHz [9] (22.0 dBm)
* 2457 MHz [10] (22.0 dBm)
* 2462 MHz [11] (22.0 dBm)
* 2467 MHz [12] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 2472 MHz [13] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
Band 2:
Capabilities: 0x11ef
RX LDPC
HT20/HT40
SM Power Save disabled
RX HT20 SGI
RX HT40 SGI
TX STBC
RX STBC 1-stream
Max AMSDU length: 3839 bytes
DSSS/CCK HT40
Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003)
Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 4 usec (0x05)
HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15
VHT Capabilities (0x038071b0):
Max MPDU length: 3895
Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80
RX LDPC
short GI (80 MHz)
TX STBC
SU Beamformee
VHT RX MCS set:
1 streams: MCS 0-9
2 streams: MCS 0-9
3 streams: not supported
4 streams: not supported
5 streams: not supported
6 streams: not supported
7 streams: not supported
8 streams: not supported
VHT RX highest supported: 0 Mbps
VHT TX MCS set:
1 streams: MCS 0-9
2 streams: MCS 0-9
3 streams: not supported
4 streams: not supported
5 streams: not supported
6 streams: not supported
7 streams: not supported
8 streams: not supported
VHT TX highest supported: 0 Mbps
Bitrates (non-HT):
* 6.0 Mbps
* 9.0 Mbps
* 12.0 Mbps
* 18.0 Mbps
* 24.0 Mbps
* 36.0 Mbps
* 48.0 Mbps
* 54.0 Mbps
Frequencies:
* 5180 MHz [36] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5200 MHz [40] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5220 MHz [44] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5240 MHz [48] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5260 MHz [52] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5280 MHz [56] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5300 MHz [60] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5320 MHz [64] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5500 MHz [100] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5520 MHz [104] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5540 MHz [108] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5560 MHz [112] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5580 MHz [116] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5600 MHz [120] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5620 MHz [124] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5640 MHz [128] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5660 MHz [132] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5680 MHz [136] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5700 MHz [140] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5720 MHz [144] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
DFS state: usable (for 2401 sec)
DFS CAC time: 0 ms
* 5745 MHz [149] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5765 MHz [153] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5785 MHz [157] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5805 MHz [161] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
* 5825 MHz [165] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
Supported commands:
* new_interface
* set_interface
* new_key
* start_ap
* new_station
* new_mpath
* set_mesh_config
* set_bss
* authenticate
* associate
* deauthenticate
* disassociate
* join_ibss
* join_mesh
* remain_on_channel
* set_tx_bitrate_mask
* frame
* frame_wait_cancel
* set_wiphy_netns
* set_channel
* set_wds_peer
* tdls_mgmt
* tdls_oper
* start_sched_scan
* probe_client
* set_noack_map
* register_beacons
* start_p2p_device
* set_mcast_rate
* connect
* disconnect
* channel_switch
* Unknown command (104)
* Unknown command (105)
* Unknown command (121)
Supported TX frame types:
* IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
Supported RX frame types:
* IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* managed: 0x40 0xd0
* AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0
* P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0
WoWLAN support:
* wake up on disconnect
* wake up on magic packet
* wake up on pattern match, up to 20 patterns of 16-128 bytes,
maximum packet offset 0 bytes
* can do GTK rekeying
* wake up on GTK rekey failure
* wake up on EAP identity request
* wake up on 4-way handshake
* wake up on rfkill release
* wake up on TCP connection
software interface modes (can always be added):
* AP/VLAN
* monitor
valid interface combinations:
* #{ managed } <= 1, #{ AP, P2P-client, P2P-GO } <= 1, #{ P2P-device } <= 1,
total <= 3, #channels <= 2
HT Capability overrides:
* MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff
* maximum A-MSDU length
* supported channel width
* short GI for 40 MHz
* max A-MPDU length exponent
* min MPDU start spacing
Device supports TX status socket option.
Device supports HT-IBSS.
Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command
Device supports low priority scan.
Device supports scan flush.
Device supports per-vif TX power setting
P2P GO supports CT window setting
P2P GO supports opportunistic powersave setting
Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients
Driver supports a userspace MPM
Driver/device bandwidth changes during BSS lifetime (AP/GO mode)
Device supports static SMPS
Device supports dynamic SMPS
显示, (no IR, radar detection) 就是 这些5G 通道不可用
4.通过create_ap修改信道
修改create_ap.conf
中的配置项
CHANNEL=8:无线热点的频道设置为信道8。
FREQ_BAND=2.4:设置频段为2.4GHz。
CHANNEL=36:无线热点的频道设置为信道36。
FREQ_BAND=5:设置频段为5GHz。
5.坑一:iw list显示 no IR
解决方法:修改国家代码
iw reg get # 获取当前系统设置的国家代码
iw reg set CN # 设置国家代码为中国
Wifi 5GHz AP Mode: What does
no IR
means and can I bypass it?
https://superuser.com/questions/809282/wifi-5ghz-ap-mode-what-does-no-ir-means-and-can-i-bypass-it
iw reg get
iwlist wlp3s0 channel
lspci -nn | grep -i net
6.坑二:将5G频道设为首选
- How do I set 5GHz as preferred band?
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1080645/how-do-i-set-5ghz-as-preferred-band - Can’t create 5Ghz wifi hotspot on ubuntu 22.04.1
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1446712/cant-create-5ghz-wifi-hotspot-on-ubuntu-22-04-1?noredirect=1
7.坑三:芯片支持5G,网卡不支持——打补丁
我的无线网卡型号:英特尔,双频带 Wireless-AC7265
-
问题:Ubuntu22 can’t create 5G hotspot:——打补丁
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1484841/ubuntu22-cant-create-5g-hotspot -
问题:Wifi 5GHz AP Mode: What does no IR means and can I bypass it?
https://superuser.com/questions/809282/wifi-5ghz-ap-mode-what-does-no-ir-means-and-can-i-bypass-it
补丁:https://github.com/pagxir/linux-patch/commit/819ac8cc0a4fdee32f2b9a881bced045a671af73
8.坑四:驱动需要更新
驱动官网:
https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi
https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005511/wireless.html
PS:安装方法可以查看驱动包中的文档,以README.iwlwifi-7265-ucode
为例
Installation of the firmware is simply:
% cp iwlwifi-7265-14.ucode /lib/firmware
% cp iwlwifi-7265D-14.ucode /lib/firmware
You can now load the driver (see the INSTALL and README.iwlwifi provided with
the iwlwifi package for information on building and using that driver.)
9.坑五:Linux下Intel无线网卡不支持5GHz AP频道?
https://www.zhihu.com/question/348965940
https://www.zhihu.com/question/389224239
https://iovxw.net/p/intel-5ghz-ap/
10.5G热点和5G自发ap?
5G热点和5G自发ap不是完全相同的概念。
5G热点是一种设备,通常是一个小型无线路由器,可以将5G网络信号转换为Wi-Fi信号,以便多个设备可以使用同一个5G网络连接。它可以通过移动网络运营商提供的5G数据计划来连接互联网,也可以通过Wi-Fi网络连接到互联网。
5G自发ap是指设备本身就具备5G网络连接功能,可以直接通过5G网络连接到互联网,并可以通过Wi-Fi信号将网络连接分享给其他设备。这种设备通常是智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等移动设备,可以直接使用5G网络进行互联网连接。
因此,两者的区别在于,5G热点是一个专门的设备,可以将5G网络转换为Wi-Fi信号,以便多个设备可以连接,而5G自发ap是指设备本身就具备5G网络连接功能,可以直接将网络连接分享给其他设备。
11.无线模块发射5g信号和5g的自发AP?
无线模块发射5G信号是指该模块能够发送和接收5G网络的信号,但并不一定能够作为独立的接入点(AP)提供网络服务。
5G的自发AP是指某些设备(如手机、路由器等)具有能力作为独立的接入点提供5G网络服务,类似于传统的Wi-Fi热点。
因此,虽然两者都涉及5G网络信号的传输,但其功能和应用场景略有不同。文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-715902.html
参考
https://blog.csdn.net/subfate/article/details/51882322
解决linux系统WIFI无法使用5GHz频率的问题文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-715902.html
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