Windows原生蓝牙编程 第三章 配对后进行蓝牙通信【C++】

蓝牙系列文章目录
第一章 获取本地蓝牙并扫描周围蓝牙信息并输出
第二章 选取设备输入配对码并配对
第三章 配对后进行蓝牙通信

前言

接着第二章，我们已经配对完成，接下来就是通过winsock进行通信了。

头文件

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma warning(disable : 4995)

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<bluetoothapis.h>
#include <winsock.h>
#include <ws2bth.h>
#include <locale>
#include <codecvt>
#pragma comment(lib, "wsock32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "bthprops.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
string PassKey;
HANDLE btdi;
vector<BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO> devices;
BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO device;
SOCKET sockClient;
WSADATA wsaData;

我又加了个SOCKET全局变量来保存套接字和WSADATA wsaData用于初始化套接字库。

一、建立连接套接字

bool buildConnect(BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO device, SOCKET& sockClient) {
	if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {
		cout << "Winsock库初始化失败" << endl;
		return FALSE;
	}
	SOCKET client_socket = socket(AF_BTH, SOCK_STREAM, BTHPROTO_RFCOMM);
	if (client_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
		cout << "套接字创建失败" << endl;
		WSACleanup();
		return FALSE;
	}

	sockClient = client_socket;
	SOCKADDR_BTH serverAddress;
	memset(&serverAddress, 0, sizeof(serverAddress));
	serverAddress.addressFamily = AF_BTH;
	BTH_ADDR deviceAddress = device.Address.ullLong;
	serverAddress.btAddr = deviceAddress;
	serverAddress.port = 0;
	serverAddress.serviceClassId = SerialPortServiceClass_UUID;

	int err = ::connect(client_socket, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddress, sizeof(serverAddress));
	if (0 == err) {
	}
	else {
		cout << "connect连接失败" << endl;
		closesocket(client_socket);
		WSACleanup();
		return FALSE;
	}

	while (true) {
		cout << "选择您的操作：1.发送信息 2.退出" << endl;
		int choice;
		cin >> choice;
		if (choice == 1) {
			cout << "请输入您想要发送的信息：";
			string message;
			cin >> message;
			int iCount = 0;
			if (sendMessage(client_socket, message, iCount)) {
				cout << "信息传输成功，发送字符数:" << iCount << endl;
			}
			else {
				cout << "send失败" << endl;
				return false;
			}
		}
		else if (choice == 2) {
			break;
		}
		else {
			cout << "输入错误，请重新输入" << endl;
		}
	}
	closesocket(client_socket);
	WSACleanup();
	BluetoothUpdateDeviceRecord(&device);
	return TRUE;
}

二、设置发送信息函数

bool sendMessage(SOCKET sockClient, string message, int& iCount) {
	int sum = 0;
	while (iCount < message.size())
	{
		wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<char32_t>, char32_t> converter;
		string utf8String = converter.to_bytes(converter.from_bytes(message));
		iCount = send(sockClient, utf8String.data() + sum, utf8String.size() - sum, 0);
		if (iCount == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			cout << "发送失败" << endl;
			return false;
		}
		sum += iCount;
	}
}

因为我测试服务端选的utf8格式，所以要把string转为utf8格式再进行传输

string String_To_UTF8(const std::string& str)
{
	int nwLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);

	wchar_t* pwBuf = new wchar_t[nwLen + 1];//一定要加1，不然会出现尾巴
	ZeroMemory(pwBuf, nwLen * 2 + 2);

	::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), str.length(), pwBuf, nwLen);

	int nLen = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, pwBuf, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

	char* pBuf = new char[nLen + 1];
	ZeroMemory(pBuf, nLen + 1);

	::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, pwBuf, nwLen, pBuf, nLen, NULL, NULL);

	std::string retStr(pBuf);

	delete[]pwBuf;
	delete[]pBuf;

	pwBuf = NULL;
	pBuf = NULL;

	return retStr;
}

三、全部代码

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma warning(disable : 4995)

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<bluetoothapis.h>
#include <winsock.h>
#include <ws2bth.h>
#include<Stringapiset.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "wsock32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "bthprops.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
string PassKey;
HANDLE btdi;
vector<BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO> devices;
BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO device;
SOCKET sockClient;
WSADATA wsaData;

string wstring2string(const wstring& ws)
{
	string curLocale = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL);
	setlocale(LC_ALL, "chs");
	const wchar_t* _Source = ws.c_str();
	size_t _Dsize = 2 * ws.size() + 1;
	char* _Dest = new char[_Dsize];
	memset(_Dest, 0, _Dsize);
	wcstombs(_Dest, _Source, _Dsize);
	string result = _Dest;
	delete[]_Dest;
	setlocale(LC_ALL, curLocale.c_str());
	return result;
}
string String_To_UTF8(const std::string& str)
{
	int nwLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);

	wchar_t* pwBuf = new wchar_t[nwLen + 1];//一定要加1，不然会出现尾巴
	ZeroMemory(pwBuf, nwLen * 2 + 2);

	::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), str.length(), pwBuf, nwLen);

	int nLen = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, pwBuf, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

	char* pBuf = new char[nLen + 1];
	ZeroMemory(pBuf, nLen + 1);

	::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, pwBuf, nwLen, pBuf, nLen, NULL, NULL);

	std::string retStr(pBuf);

	delete[]pwBuf;
	delete[]pBuf;

	pwBuf = NULL;
	pBuf = NULL;

	return retStr;
}
string getMAC(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS Daddress)
{
	/*string addr;
	addr = addr.sprintf("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x", Daddress.rgBytes[5], Daddress.rgBytes[4], Daddress.rgBytes[3], Daddress.rgBytes[2], Daddress.rgBytes[1], Daddress.rgBytes[0]);
	return addr;*/
	ostringstream oss;
	oss << hex << setfill('0') << uppercase;
	for (int i = 5; i >= 0; --i) {
		oss << setw(2) << static_cast<int>(Daddress.rgBytes[i]);
		if (i > 0) {
			oss << ":";
		}
	}
	return oss.str();
}

vector<BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO> scanDevices()
{
	HBLUETOOTH_RADIO_FIND hbf = NULL;
	HANDLE hbr = NULL;
	HBLUETOOTH_DEVICE_FIND hbdf = NULL;
	BLUETOOTH_FIND_RADIO_PARAMS btfrp = { sizeof(BLUETOOTH_FIND_RADIO_PARAMS) }; //调用BluetoothFindFirstDevice搜索本机蓝牙收发器所需要的搜索参数对象
	BLUETOOTH_RADIO_INFO bri = { sizeof(BLUETOOTH_RADIO_INFO) }; //初始化一个储存蓝牙收发器信息（BLUETOOTH_RADIO_INFO）的对象bri
	BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_SEARCH_PARAMS btsp = { sizeof(BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_SEARCH_PARAMS) };//调用BluetoothFindFirstDevice搜索本所需要的搜索参数对象
	BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO btdi = { sizeof(BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO) };  //初始化一个远程蓝牙设备信息（BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO）对象btdi，以储存搜索到的蓝牙设备信息
	hbf = BluetoothFindFirstRadio(&btfrp, &hbr); //得到第一个被枚举的蓝牙收发器的句柄hbf可用于BluetoothFindNextRadio，hbr可用于BluetoothFindFirstDevice。若没有找到本机的蓝牙收发器，则得到的句柄hbf=NULL

	vector<BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO> res;

	bool brfind = hbf != NULL;
	while (brfind)
	{
		if (BluetoothGetRadioInfo(hbr, &bri) == ERROR_SUCCESS)//获取蓝牙收发器的信息，储存在bri中
		{
			cout << "[Local Device Name]:" << wstring2string(bri.szName) << "\t";   //蓝牙收发器的名字
			cout << "[Local Device Address]: " << getMAC(bri.address) << endl;
			cout << "------------------------蓝牙扫描结果如下----------------------------" << endl;

			btsp.hRadio = hbr;  //设置执行搜索设备所在的句柄，应设为执行BluetoothFindFirstRadio函数所得到的句柄
			btsp.fReturnAuthenticated = TRUE;//是否搜索已配对的设备
			btsp.fReturnConnected = FALSE;//是否搜索已连接的设备
			btsp.fReturnRemembered = TRUE;//是否搜索已记忆的设备
			btsp.fReturnUnknown = TRUE;//是否搜索未知设备
			btsp.fIssueInquiry = TRUE;//是否重新搜索，True的时候会执行新的搜索，时间较长，FALSE的时候会直接返回上次的搜索结果。
			btsp.cTimeoutMultiplier = 30;//指示查询超时的值，以1.28秒为增量。 例如，12.8秒的查询的cTimeoutMultiplier值为10.此成员的最大值为48.当使用大于48的值时，调用函数立即失败并返回
			hbdf = BluetoothFindFirstDevice(&btsp, &btdi);//通过找到第一个设备得到的HBLUETOOTH_DEVICE_FIND句柄hbdf来枚举远程蓝牙设备，搜到的第一个远程蓝牙设备的信息储存在btdi对象中。若没有远程蓝牙设备，hdbf=NULL。
			bool bfind = hbdf != NULL;
			int i = 0;

			while (bfind)
			{
				cout << ++i << " " << "[Name]:" << wstring2string(btdi.szName);  //远程蓝牙设备的名字
				cout << "\t[Address]:" << getMAC(btdi.Address) << endl;
				res.push_back(btdi);
				bfind = BluetoothFindNextDevice(hbdf, &btdi);//通过BluetoothFindFirstDevice得到的HBLUETOOTH_DEVICE_FIND句柄来枚举搜索下一个远程蓝牙设备，并将远程蓝牙设备的信息储存在btdi中
			}
			BluetoothFindDeviceClose(hbdf);//使用完后记得关闭HBLUETOOTH_DEVICE_FIND句柄hbdf。
		}
		CloseHandle(hbr);
		brfind = BluetoothFindNextRadio(hbf, &hbr);//通过BluetoothFindFirstRadio得到的HBLUETOOTH_RADIO_FIND句柄hbf来枚举搜索下一个本地蓝牙收发器，得到可用于BluetoothFindFirstDevice的句柄hbr。
	}
	return res;
}

void setPassKey() {
	cout << "请输入配对码：（如果不知道请输入默认0000）:";
	cin >> PassKey;
	cout << "您输入的配对码为: " << PassKey << endl;
}

bool pairDevice() {
	cout << "输入你想要配对的设备的序号：";
	int index;
	cin >> index;
	//获取设备信息
	device = devices[index - 1];
	//输入配对码
	setPassKey();
	//string转PWSTR
	wstringstream wss;
	for (char c : PassKey) {
		wss << wchar_t(c);
	}
	wstring wstr = wss.str();
	const wchar_t* wcharPtr = wstr.c_str();
	PWSTR AUTHENTICATION_PASSKEY = const_cast<PWSTR>(wcharPtr);
	//开始配对
	wstring ws = device.szName;
	HBLUETOOTH_AUTHENTICATION_REGISTRATION hCallbackHandle = 0;
	DWORD result = -1;
	if (!device.fAuthenticated) {
		result = BluetoothAuthenticateDevice(NULL, btdi, &device, AUTHENTICATION_PASSKEY, (ULONG)wcslen(AUTHENTICATION_PASSKEY));  //配对函数，AUTHENTICATION_PASSKEY是我的蓝牙配对码
		if (result != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
			switch (result)
			{
			case ERROR_CANCELLED:
				cout << "用户取消了身份验证或配对操作" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER:
				cout << "传递给函数的参数无效" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS:
				cout << "没有更多的设备可以配对" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED:
				cout << "不支持请求的操作" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE:
				cout << "通用失败错误" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_BUSY:
				cout << "蓝牙堆栈忙" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_TIMEOUT:
				cout << "操作超时" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_DEVICE_NOT_CONNECTED:
				cout << "蓝牙设备未连接" << endl;
				break;
			case ERROR_DEVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE:
				cout << "设备不可用" << endl;
				break;
			default:
				cout << "校验码出错，请手动进行设备连接" << endl;
				break;
			}
			return false;
		}
	}
	cout << "身份验证成功，蓝牙设备已成功配对" << endl;;
	BluetoothUpdateDeviceRecord(&device);
	return true;
}

bool sendMessage(SOCKET sockClient, string message, int& iCount) {
	int sum = 0;
	while (iCount < message.size())
	{
		string utf8message = String_To_UTF8(message);
		iCount = send(sockClient, utf8message.data() + sum, utf8message.size() - sum, 0);
		if (iCount == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			cout << "发送失败" << endl;
			return false;
		}
		sum += iCount;
	}
}

bool buildConnect(BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_INFO device, SOCKET& sockClient) {
	if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {
		cout << "Winsock库初始化失败" << endl;
		return FALSE;
	}
	SOCKET client_socket = socket(AF_BTH, SOCK_STREAM, BTHPROTO_RFCOMM);
	if (client_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
		cout << "套接字创建失败" << endl;
		WSACleanup();
		return FALSE;
	}

	sockClient = client_socket;
	SOCKADDR_BTH serverAddress;
	memset(&serverAddress, 0, sizeof(serverAddress));
	serverAddress.addressFamily = AF_BTH;
	BTH_ADDR deviceAddress = device.Address.ullLong;
	serverAddress.btAddr = deviceAddress;
	serverAddress.port = 0;
	serverAddress.serviceClassId = SerialPortServiceClass_UUID;

	int err = ::connect(client_socket, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddress, sizeof(serverAddress));
	if (0 == err) {
	}
	else {
		cout << "connect连接失败" << endl;
		closesocket(client_socket);
		WSACleanup();
		return FALSE;
	}

	while (true) {
		cout << "选择您的操作：1.发送信息 2.退出" << endl;
		int choice;
		cin >> choice;
		if (choice == 1) {
			cout << "请输入您想要发送的信息：";
			string message;
			cin >> message;
			int iCount = 0;
			if (sendMessage(client_socket, message, iCount)) {
				cout << "信息传输成功，发送字符数:" << iCount << endl;
			}
			else {
				cout << "send失败" << endl;
				return false;
			}
		}
		else if (choice == 2) {
			break;
		}
		else {
			cout << "输入错误，请重新输入" << endl;
		}
	}
	closesocket(client_socket);
	WSACleanup();
	BluetoothUpdateDeviceRecord(&device);
	return TRUE;
}

void main() {
	devices = scanDevices();
	if (pairDevice()) {
		buildConnect(device, sockClient);
	}
	return;
}

四、测试服务端选择及蓝牙通信

随便在网上下载了个蓝牙测试的app

测试一下，选择要连接的设备并且输入配对码

连接成功的同时手机显示连接成功

发送两条信息

同时手机收到

返回发送字符数那有点问题，因为转成utf-8格式，一个中文占3个字符，我懒得改了，不过测试结果还是很成功的，完美实现蓝牙通信。

总结

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