Kubernetes 通过 Deployment 部署Jupyterlab

概要

在Kubernetes上部署jupyterlab服务，链接Kubernetes集群内的MySQL，实现简单的数据开发功能。

前置条件

镜像准备：自定义Docker镜像--Jupyterlab-CSDN博客

MySQL-Statefulset准备：StatefulSet 简单实践 Kubernetes-CSDN博客

步骤

1-namespace.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: jupyterlab
  labels:
    app1: jupyterlab
    app.kubernetes.io/name: jupyterlab

2-jupyter-config.yaml

关键配置：

• c.ServerApp.allow_remote_access = True
• c.ServerApp.ip = '*'
• c.ServerApp.open_browser = False  
• c.ServerApp.password = ''
• c.ServerApp.port = 8888

c.ServerApp.ip = '' 默认事localhost，配置 "*" 便于访问，便于nodeport的访问

如何生成password，参考:

jupyter-lab 设置密码(password) - 简书 (jianshu.com)

详细内容：

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  labels:
    app1: jupyterlab
    app.kubernetes.io/name: jupyterlab
  name: jupyter-config
  namespace: jupyterlab
data:
  jupyter_lab_config.py: |-
    # Configuration file for lab.

    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Application(SingletonConfigurable) configuration
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ## This is an application.

    ## The date format used by logging formatters for %(asctime)s
    #c.Application.log_datefmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'

    ## The Logging format template
    #c.Application.log_format = '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s'

    ## Set the log level by value or name.
    #c.Application.log_level = 30

    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # JupyterApp(Application) configuration
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ## Base class for Jupyter applications

    ## Answer yes to any prompts.
    #c.JupyterApp.answer_yes = False

    ## Full path of a config file.
    c.JupyterApp.config_file = '/root/.jupyter/jupyter_lab_config.py'

    ## Specify a config file to load.
    #c.JupyterApp.config_file_name = ''

    ## Generate default config file.
    #c.JupyterApp.generate_config = False

    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # ExtensionApp(JupyterApp) configuration
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ## Base class for configurable Jupyter Server Extension Applications.
    #  
    #  ExtensionApp subclasses can be initialized two ways:
    #  1. Extension is listed as a jpserver_extension, and ServerApp calls
    #      its load_jupyter_server_extension classmethod. This is the
    #      classic way of loading a server extension.
    #  2. Extension is launched directly by calling its `launch_instance`
    #      class method. This method can be set as a entry_point in
    #      the extensions setup.py

    ## 
    #c.ExtensionApp.default_url = ''

    ## Handlers appended to the server.
    #c.ExtensionApp.handlers = []

    ## Whether to open in a browser after starting. The specific browser used is
    #  platform dependent and determined by the python standard library `webbrowser`
    #  module, unless it is overridden using the --browser (ServerApp.browser)
    #  configuration option.
    #c.ExtensionApp.open_browser = False

    ## Settings that will passed to the server.
    #c.ExtensionApp.settings = {}

    ## paths to search for serving static files.
    #  
    #  This allows adding javascript/css to be available from the notebook server
    #  machine, or overriding individual files in the IPython
    #c.ExtensionApp.static_paths = []

    ## Url where the static assets for the extension are served.
    #c.ExtensionApp.static_url_prefix = ''

    ## Paths to search for serving jinja templates.
    #  
    #  Can be used to override templates from notebook.templates.
    #c.ExtensionApp.template_paths = []

    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # LabServerApp(ExtensionAppJinjaMixin,LabConfig,ExtensionApp) configuration
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ## A Lab Server Application that runs out-of-the-box

    ## "A list of comma-separated URIs to get the allowed extensions list
    #  
    #  .. versionchanged:: 2.0.0
    #      `LabServerApp.whitetlist_uris` renamed to `allowed_extensions_uris`
    #c.LabServerApp.allowed_extensions_uris = ''

    ## Deprecated, use `LabServerApp.blocked_extensions_uris`
    #c.LabServerApp.blacklist_uris = ''

    ## A list of comma-separated URIs to get the blocked extensions list
    #  
    #  .. versionchanged:: 2.0.0
    #      `LabServerApp.blacklist_uris` renamed to `blocked_extensions_uris`
    #c.LabServerApp.blocked_extensions_uris = ''

    ## The interval delay in seconds to refresh the lists
    #c.LabServerApp.listings_refresh_seconds = 3600

    ## The optional kwargs to use for the listings HTTP requests             as
    #  described on https://2.python-requests.org/en/v2.7.0/api/#requests.request
    #c.LabServerApp.listings_request_options = {}

    ## Deprecated, use `LabServerApp.allowed_extensions_uris`
    #c.LabServerApp.whitelist_uris = ''

    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # LabApp(NBClassicConfigShimMixin,LabServerApp) configuration
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ## The app directory to launch JupyterLab from.
    #c.LabApp.app_dir = None

    ## Whether to enable collaborative mode.
    #c.LabApp.collaborative = False

    ## Whether to start the app in core mode. In this mode, JupyterLab will run using
    #  the JavaScript assets that are within the installed JupyterLab Python package.
    #  In core mode, third party extensions are disabled. The `--dev-mode` flag is an
    #  alias to this to be used when the Python package itself is installed in
    #  development mode (`pip install -e .`).
    #c.LabApp.core_mode = False

    ## The default URL to redirect to from `/`
    #c.LabApp.default_url = '/lab'

    ## Whether to start the app in dev mode. Uses the unpublished local JavaScript
    #  packages in the `dev_mode` folder.  In this case JupyterLab will show a red
    #  stripe at the top of the page.  It can only be used if JupyterLab is installed
    #  as `pip install -e .`.
    #c.LabApp.dev_mode = False

    ## Whether to expose the global app instance to browser via window.jupyterlab
    #c.LabApp.expose_app_in_browser = False

    ## Whether to load prebuilt extensions in dev mode. This may be useful to run and
    #  test prebuilt extensions in development installs of JupyterLab. APIs in a
    #  JupyterLab development install may be incompatible with published packages, so
    #  prebuilt extensions compiled against published packages may not work
    #  correctly.
    #c.LabApp.extensions_in_dev_mode = False

    ## The override url for static lab assets, typically a CDN.
    #c.LabApp.override_static_url = ''

    ## The override url for static lab theme assets, typically a CDN.
    #c.LabApp.override_theme_url = ''

    ## Splice source packages into app directory.
    #c.LabApp.splice_source = False

    ## The directory for user settings.
    #c.LabApp.user_settings_dir = '/root/.jupyter/lab/user-settings'

    ## Whether to serve the app in watch mode
    #c.LabApp.watch = False

    ## The directory for workspaces
    #c.LabApp.workspaces_dir = '/root/.jupyter/lab/workspaces'

    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # ServerApp(JupyterApp) configuration
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ## Set the Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true header
    #c.ServerApp.allow_credentials = False

    ## Set the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header
    #  
    #  Use '*' to allow any origin to access your server.
    #  
    #  Takes precedence over allow_origin_pat.
    #c.ServerApp.allow_origin = ''

    ## Use a regular expression for the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header
    #  
    #  Requests from an origin matching the expression will get replies with:
    #  
    #      Access-Control-Allow-Origin: origin
    #  
    #  where `origin` is the origin of the request.
    #  
    #  Ignored if allow_origin is set.
    #c.ServerApp.allow_origin_pat = ''

    ## Allow password to be changed at login for the Jupyter server.
    #  
    #  While logging in with a token, the Jupyter server UI will give the opportunity
    #  to the user to enter a new password at the same time that will replace the
    #  token login mechanism.
    #  
    #  This can be set to false to prevent changing password from the UI/API.
    #c.ServerApp.allow_password_change = True

    ## Allow requests where the Host header doesn't point to a local server
    #  
    #  By default, requests get a 403 forbidden response if the 'Host' header shows
    #  that the browser thinks it's on a non-local domain. Setting this option to
    #  True disables this check.
    #  
    #  This protects against 'DNS rebinding' attacks, where a remote web server
    #  serves you a page and then changes its DNS to send later requests to a local
    #  IP, bypassing same-origin checks.
    #  
    #  Local IP addresses (such as 127.0.0.1 and ::1) are allowed as local, along
    #  with hostnames configured in local_hostnames.
    c.ServerApp.allow_remote_access = True

    ## Whether to allow the user to run the server as root.
    c.ServerApp.allow_root = True

    ## " Require authentication to access prometheus metrics.
    #c.ServerApp.authenticate_prometheus = True

    ## Reload the webapp when changes are made to any Python src files.
    #c.ServerApp.autoreload = False

    ## The base URL for the Jupyter server.
    #  
    #  Leading and trailing slashes can be omitted, and will automatically be added.
    #c.ServerApp.base_url = '/'

    ## Specify what command to use to invoke a web browser when starting the server.
    #  If not specified, the default browser will be determined by the `webbrowser`
    #  standard library module, which allows setting of the BROWSER environment
    #  variable to override it.
    #c.ServerApp.browser = ''

    ## The full path to an SSL/TLS certificate file.
    #c.ServerApp.certfile = ''

    ## The full path to a certificate authority certificate for SSL/TLS client
    #  authentication.
    #c.ServerApp.client_ca = ''

    ## The config manager class to use
    #c.ServerApp.config_manager_class = 'jupyter_server.services.config.manager.ConfigManager'

    ## The content manager class to use.
    #c.ServerApp.contents_manager_class = 'jupyter_server.services.contents.largefilemanager.LargeFileManager'

    ## Extra keyword arguments to pass to `set_secure_cookie`. See tornado's
    #  set_secure_cookie docs for details.
    #c.ServerApp.cookie_options = {}

    ## The random bytes used to secure cookies. By default this is a new random
    #  number every time you start the server. Set it to a value in a config file to
    #  enable logins to persist across server sessions.
    #  
    #  Note: Cookie secrets should be kept private, do not share config files with
    #  cookie_secret stored in plaintext (you can read the value from a file).
    #c.ServerApp.cookie_secret = b''

    ## The file where the cookie secret is stored.
    #c.ServerApp.cookie_secret_file = ''

    ## Override URL shown to users.
    #  
    #  Replace actual URL, including protocol, address, port and base URL, with the
    #  given value when displaying URL to the users. Do not change the actual
    #  connection URL. If authentication token is enabled, the token is added to the
    #  custom URL automatically.
    #  
    #  This option is intended to be used when the URL to display to the user cannot
    #  be determined reliably by the Jupyter server (proxified or containerized
    #  setups for example).
    #c.ServerApp.custom_display_url = ''

    ## The default URL to redirect to from `/`
    #c.ServerApp.default_url = '/'

    ## Disable cross-site-request-forgery protection
    #  
    #  Jupyter notebook 4.3.1 introduces protection from cross-site request
    #  forgeries, requiring API requests to either:
    #  
    #  - originate from pages served by this server (validated with XSRF cookie and
    #  token), or - authenticate with a token
    #  
    #  Some anonymous compute resources still desire the ability to run code,
    #  completely without authentication. These services can disable all
    #  authentication and security checks, with the full knowledge of what that
    #  implies.
    #c.ServerApp.disable_check_xsrf = False

    ## handlers that should be loaded at higher priority than the default services
    #c.ServerApp.extra_services = []

    ## Extra paths to search for serving static files.
    #  
    #  This allows adding javascript/css to be available from the Jupyter server
    #  machine, or overriding individual files in the IPython
    #c.ServerApp.extra_static_paths = []

    ## Extra paths to search for serving jinja templates.
    #  
    #  Can be used to override templates from jupyter_server.templates.
    #c.ServerApp.extra_template_paths = []

    ## Open the named file when the application is launched.
    #c.ServerApp.file_to_run = ''

    ## The URL prefix where files are opened directly.
    #c.ServerApp.file_url_prefix = 'notebooks'

    ## Extra keyword arguments to pass to `get_secure_cookie`. See tornado's
    #  get_secure_cookie docs for details.
    #c.ServerApp.get_secure_cookie_kwargs = {}

    ## (bytes/sec) Maximum rate at which stream output can be sent on iopub before
    #  they are limited.
    #c.ServerApp.iopub_data_rate_limit = 1000000

    ## (msgs/sec) Maximum rate at which messages can be sent on iopub before they are
    #  limited.
    #c.ServerApp.iopub_msg_rate_limit = 1000

    ## The IP address the Jupyter server will listen on.
    c.ServerApp.ip = '*'

    ## Supply extra arguments that will be passed to Jinja environment.
    #c.ServerApp.jinja_environment_options = {}

    ## Extra variables to supply to jinja templates when rendering.
    #c.ServerApp.jinja_template_vars = {}

    ## Dict of Python modules to load as Jupyter server extensions.Entry values can
    #  be used to enable and disable the loading ofthe extensions. The extensions
    #  will be loaded in alphabetical order.
    #c.ServerApp.jpserver_extensions = {}

    ## The kernel manager class to use.
    #c.ServerApp.kernel_manager_class = 'jupyter_server.services.kernels.kernelmanager.AsyncMappingKernelManager'

    ## The kernel spec manager class to use. Should be a subclass of
    #  `jupyter_client.kernelspec.KernelSpecManager`.
    #  
    #  The Api of KernelSpecManager is provisional and might change without warning
    #  between this version of Jupyter and the next stable one.
    #c.ServerApp.kernel_spec_manager_class = 'jupyter_client.kernelspec.KernelSpecManager'

    ## The full path to a private key file for usage with SSL/TLS.
    #c.ServerApp.keyfile = ''

    ## Hostnames to allow as local when allow_remote_access is False.
    #  
    #  Local IP addresses (such as 127.0.0.1 and ::1) are automatically accepted as
    #  local as well.
    #c.ServerApp.local_hostnames = ['localhost']

    ## The login handler class to use.
    #c.ServerApp.login_handler_class = 'jupyter_server.auth.login.LoginHandler'

    ## The logout handler class to use.
    #c.ServerApp.logout_handler_class = 'jupyter_server.auth.logout.LogoutHandler'

    ## Sets the maximum allowed size of the client request body, specified in the
    #  Content-Length request header field. If the size in a request exceeds the
    #  configured value, a malformed HTTP message is returned to the client.
    #  
    #  Note: max_body_size is applied even in streaming mode.
    #c.ServerApp.max_body_size = 536870912

    ## Gets or sets the maximum amount of memory, in bytes, that is allocated for use
    #  by the buffer manager.
    #c.ServerApp.max_buffer_size = 536870912

    ## Gets or sets a lower bound on the open file handles process resource limit.
    #  This may need to be increased if you run into an OSError: [Errno 24] Too many
    #  open files. This is not applicable when running on Windows.
    #c.ServerApp.min_open_files_limit = 0

    ## DEPRECATED, use root_dir.
    #c.ServerApp.notebook_dir = ''

    ## Whether to open in a browser after starting. The specific browser used is
    #  platform dependent and determined by the python standard library `webbrowser`
    #  module, unless it is overridden using the --browser (ServerApp.browser)
    #  configuration option.
    #c.ServerApp.open_browser = False

    ## Hashed password to use for web authentication.
    #  
    #  To generate, type in a python/IPython shell:
    #  
    #    from jupyter_server.auth import passwd; passwd()
    #  
    #  The string should be of the form type:salt:hashed-password.
    # password = 1
    c.ServerApp.password = 'argon2:$argon2id$v=19$m=10240,t=10,p=8$3SVwOn5jZCsVPToRwHfo6A$/Q67MolIfT+ztoV26F6eeuE0NxfhFFsyzLV//9IV+J4'

    ## Forces users to use a password for the Jupyter server. This is useful in a
    #  multi user environment, for instance when everybody in the LAN can access each
    #  other's machine through ssh.
    #  
    #  In such a case, serving on localhost is not secure since any user can connect
    #  to the Jupyter server via ssh.
    #c.ServerApp.password_required = False

    ## The port the server will listen on (env: JUPYTER_PORT).
    c.ServerApp.port = 8888

    ## The number of additional ports to try if the specified port is not available
    #  (env: JUPYTER_PORT_RETRIES).
    #c.ServerApp.port_retries = 50

    ## Preferred starting directory to use for notebooks and kernels.
    #c.ServerApp.preferred_dir = ''

    ## DISABLED: use %pylab or %matplotlib in the notebook to enable matplotlib.
    #c.ServerApp.pylab = 'disabled'

    ## If True, display controls to shut down the Jupyter server, such as menu items
    #  or buttons.
    #c.ServerApp.quit_button = True

    ## (sec) Time window used to check the message and data rate limits.
    #c.ServerApp.rate_limit_window = 3

    ## Reraise exceptions encountered loading server extensions?
    #c.ServerApp.reraise_server_extension_failures = False

    ## The directory to use for notebooks and kernels.
    c.ServerApp.root_dir = '/home/jupyterlab'

    ## The session manager class to use.
    #c.ServerApp.session_manager_class = 'jupyter_server.services.sessions.sessionmanager.SessionManager'

    ## Shut down the server after N seconds with no kernels or terminals running and
    #  no activity. This can be used together with culling idle kernels
    #  (MappingKernelManager.cull_idle_timeout) to shutdown the Jupyter server when
    #  it's not in use. This is not precisely timed: it may shut down up to a minute
    #  later. 0 (the default) disables this automatic shutdown.
    #c.ServerApp.shutdown_no_activity_timeout = 0

    ## The UNIX socket the Jupyter server will listen on.
    #c.ServerApp.sock = ''

    ## The permissions mode for UNIX socket creation (default: 0600).
    #c.ServerApp.sock_mode = '0600'

    ## Supply SSL options for the tornado HTTPServer. See the tornado docs for
    #  details.
    #c.ServerApp.ssl_options = {}

    ## Supply overrides for terminado. Currently only supports "shell_command".
    #c.ServerApp.terminado_settings = {}

    ## Set to False to disable terminals.
    #  
    #  This does *not* make the server more secure by itself. Anything the user can
    #  in a terminal, they can also do in a notebook.
    #  
    #  Terminals may also be automatically disabled if the terminado package is not
    #  available.
    #c.ServerApp.terminals_enabled = True

    ## Token used for authenticating first-time connections to the server.
    #  
    #  The token can be read from the file referenced by JUPYTER_TOKEN_FILE or set
    #  directly with the JUPYTER_TOKEN environment variable.
    #  
    #  When no password is enabled, the default is to generate a new, random token.
    #  
    #  Setting to an empty string disables authentication altogether, which is NOT
    #  RECOMMENDED.
    #c.ServerApp.token = '<generated>'

    ## Supply overrides for the tornado.web.Application that the Jupyter server uses.
    #c.ServerApp.tornado_settings = {}

    ## Whether to trust or not X-Scheme/X-Forwarded-Proto and X-Real-Ip/X-Forwarded-
    #  For headerssent by the upstream reverse proxy. Necessary if the proxy handles
    #  SSL
    #c.ServerApp.trust_xheaders = False

    ## Disable launching browser by redirect file For versions of notebook > 5.7.2, a
    #  security feature measure was added that prevented the authentication token
    #  used to launch the browser from being visible. This feature makes it difficult
    #  for other users on a multi-user system from running code in your Jupyter
    #  session as you. However, some environments (like Windows Subsystem for Linux
    #  (WSL) and Chromebooks), launching a browser using a redirect file can lead the
    #  browser failing to load. This is because of the difference in file
    #  structures/paths between the runtime and the browser.
    #  
    #  Disabling this setting to False will disable this behavior, allowing the
    #  browser to launch by using a URL and visible token (as before).
    #c.ServerApp.use_redirect_file = True

    ## Specify where to open the server on startup. This is the `new` argument passed
    #  to the standard library method `webbrowser.open`. The behaviour is not
    #  guaranteed, but depends on browser support. Valid values are:
    #  
    #   - 2 opens a new tab,
    #   - 1 opens a new window,
    #   - 0 opens in an existing window.
    #  
    #  See the `webbrowser.open` documentation for details.
    #c.ServerApp.webbrowser_open_new = 2

    ## Set the tornado compression options for websocket connections.
    #  
    #  This value will be returned from
    #  :meth:`WebSocketHandler.get_compression_options`. None (default) will disable
    #  compression. A dict (even an empty one) will enable compression.
    #  
    #  See the tornado docs for WebSocketHandler.get_compression_options for details.
    #c.ServerApp.websocket_compression_options = None

    ## The base URL for websockets, if it differs from the HTTP server (hint: it
    #  almost certainly doesn't).
    #  
    #  Should be in the form of an HTTP origin: ws[s]://hostname[:port]
    #c.ServerApp.websocket_url = ''

 3-jupyter-class.yaml

apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: nfs-jupyterlab
  namespace: jupyterlab
  annotations:
    storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "false" ## 是否设置为默认的storageclass
provisioner: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner # or choose another name, must match deployment's env PROVISIONER_NAME'
#provisioner: nfs-subdir-external-provisioner # or choose another name, must match deployment's env PROVISIONER_NAME'
parameters:
  archiveOnDelete: "true"
  pathPattern: "${.PVC.namespace}/${.PVC.name}/${.PVC.annotations.nfs.io/storage-path}"
  # pathPattern: "${.PVC.namespace}/${.PVC.annotations.nfs.io/storage-path}"
  # pathPattern: "${.PVC.namespace}-${.PVC.name}"

5-pvc.yaml

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: nfs-jupyterlab
  namespace: jupyterlab
  annotations:
    volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "nfs-jupyterlab"
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 50Mi

6-jupyter-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: jupyterlab-deployment
  namespace: jupyterlab
  labels:
    app1: jupyterlab
    app.kubernetes.io/name: jupyterlab
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app1: jupyterlab
      app.kubernetes.io/name: jupyterlab
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app1: jupyterlab
        app.kubernetes.io/name: jupyterlab
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
              - matchExpressions:
                  - key: kubernetes.io/hostname
                    operator: NotIn
                    values:
                      - master01
                      - master02
                      - master03
      hostNetwork: true
      containers:
        - name: jupyterlab
          image: reporsitory:5000/jupyterlab:1.1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - name: jupyterlab
              containerPort: 8888
          command:
            - bash
            - "-c"
            - |
              set -ex
              /usr/local/bin/jupyter-lab
          resources:
            requests:
              cpu: 250m
              memory: 500Mi
            limits:
              cpu: 250m
              memory: 500Mi
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: "/home/jupyterlab/data"
            - name: jupyter-config
              mountPath: /root/.jupyter/
            - name: jupyter
              mountPath: /home/jupyterlab
      volumes:
        - name: data
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: nfs-jupyter-mysql
        - name: jupyter
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: nfs-jupyterlab
        - name: jupyter-config
          configMap:
            name: jupyter-config

7-services.yaml

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: jupyterlab-svc
  namespace: jupyterlab
  labels:
    app1: jupyterlab
    app.kubernetes.io/name: jupyterlab
spec:
  ports:
    - name: jupyterlab
      port: 8888
  selector:
    app1: jupyterlab
  type: NodePort

 成功

后端状况：

网页访问：

Jupyterlab服务的Pod提升

部署kubectl + bash-completion

在 Linux 系统中安装并设置 kubectl | Kubernetes

使用 kubeconfig 文件组织集群访问 | Kubernetes

更新数据库使用者权限

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '1' with grant option;
flush privileges;

参考文档

https://developer.aliyun.com/article/857365
https://www.jianshu.com/p/743ed2209a8c
https://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-nohup.html
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1783227
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/468585680文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-720318.html

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