solidity智能合约实例开发（2）（解释+注释）——食品溯源

项目总要求

创建三个角色生产者，分销商，零售商，并分别通过三个角色对产品的生产，分销，零售上链，并且能够分别查出上链的全信息。包括每次交易的时间戳，每次交易的交易名称，每次交易的交易地址，每次交易的食品质量，食品的名称，当前交易的名称，当前交易的地址，当前交易的食品质量，当前交易的状态等等

运行环境：remix(0.8.13版本)

Roles.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

library Roles{
    struct Role{
        mapping (address => bool) bearer;
    }

    //判断地址是否存在
    function has(Role storage role,address amount) internal  view returns (bool){
        require(amount != address(0));//判断地址不为空
        return role.bearer[amount];//返回一个布尔值
    }

    //添加角色
    function add(Role storage role,address amount) internal {
        require(!has(role, amount));
        role.bearer[amount] = true;
    }
    /**这个函数用于向特定角色添加成员。它接受一个 Role 结构体和一个地址作为参数。在函数内部，
    它首先调用 has 函数检查地址是否已经具有该角色，
    如果没有，则将地址添加到映射中，并将其值设置为 true，表示该地址拥有该角色。
    */

    //删除角色
    function remove(Role storage role,address amount) internal {
        require(has(role, amount));
        role.bearer[amount] = false;
    }

    /**
    这个函数用于从特定角色中移除成员。它接受一个 Role 结构体和一个地址作为参数。
    在函数内部，它首先调用 has 函数检查地址是否具有该角色，
    如果是，则将地址从映射中移除，并将其值设置为 false，表示该地址不再拥有该角色。
    */
}

Producer.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

import "./Roles.sol";


contract Producer{
    using Roles for Roles.Role;
    Roles.Role private _produce;



    event  producerAdded(address amount);
    event producerRemoved(address amount);

    constructor(address produce) public {
        _addProducer(produce);

    }

    function _addProducer(address amount) internal {
        _produce.add(amount);
        emit producerAdded(amount);
    }

    function _removeProducer(address amount) internal {
        _produce.remove(amount);
        emit producerRemoved(amount);
    }

    function isProducer(address amount ) public view returns (bool){
        return  _produce.has(amount);
    }

    modifier onlyProducer(){
        require(isProducer(msg.sender),"you are not deployer");
        _;
    }

    function addProducer(address amount) public onlyProducer{
        _addProducer(amount);
    }

    /**
    这个函数用于将调用者从生产商角色中移除。
    任何人都可以调用此函数来将自己从生产商角色中移除。它调用了 _removeProducer 函数来执行实际的移除操作。
    */
    function removeProducer() public  {
        _removeProducer(msg.sender);

    }
}

Distributor.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

import "./Roles.sol";

contract Distributor{
    using Roles for Roles.Role;
    Roles.Role private  _distributor;


    event distributorAdded(address amount);
    event distributorRemoved(address amount);

    constructor(address distributor){
        _addDistributor(distributor);
 
    }

    function _addDistributor(address amount) internal {
        _distributor.add(amount);
        emit  distributorAdded(amount);
    }

    function _removeDistributor(address amount) internal {
        _distributor.remove(amount);
        emit  distributorRemoved(amount);
    }

    function isDistributor(address amount) public view  returns (bool){
        return _distributor.has(amount);
    } 

    modifier onlyDistributor(){
        require(isDistributor(msg.sender),"you are not deployer");
        _;
    }

    function addDistributor(address amount) public  onlyDistributor{
        _addDistributor(amount);
    }

    function removeDistributor() public {
        _removeDistributor(msg.sender);
    } 
}

Retailer.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

import "./Roles.sol";

contract Retailer{
    using Roles for Roles.Role;
    Roles.Role private  _retailer;


    event retailerAdded(address amount);
    event retailerRemoved(address amount);

    constructor(address Retailer) {
        _addRetalier(Retailer);
 
    }
    function _addRetalier(address amount) internal {
        _retailer.add(amount);
        emit  retailerAdded(amount);
    }

    function _removeRetailer(address amount) internal {
        _retailer.remove(amount);
        emit  retailerRemoved(amount);
    }

    function isRetailer(address amount) public view  returns (bool){
        return _retailer.has(amount);
    }

    modifier onlyRetailer() {
        require(isRetailer(msg.sender),"you are not deployer");
        _;
    }

    function addRetailer(address amount) public  {
        _addRetalier(amount);
    }

    function removeRetailer() public {
        _removeRetailer(msg.sender);
    }
}

FoodInfoItem.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

contract FoodInfoItem{
    uint256[] _timestamp;  //时间戳
    string[]  _traceName;  //交易名称
    address[] _traceAddress;  //交易地址
    uint8[] _traceQuality;  //交易食品名称
    string _name;  //食品名称
    string _currentName;  //当前交易名称
    address _currentAddress;  //当前交易地址
    uint8 _currentQuality;  //当前交易质量 0 优质 1  合格  2 不合格
    uint8 _status;  //当前交易状态 0 生产 1 分销 2 销售
    address owner;


    constructor(string memory name, string memory traceName, address traceAddress,uint8 quality) public {
        _timestamp.push(block.timestamp);
        _traceName.push(traceName);
        _traceAddress.push(traceAddress);
        _traceQuality.push(quality);
        _name = name;
        _currentName = traceName;
        _currentAddress = traceAddress;
        _currentQuality = quality;
        _status = 0;
        owner = msg.sender;
    } 

    function addFoodByDistributor(string memory traceName, address traceAddress,uint8 quality) public  returns(bool) {
        require(_status == 0 ,"this is not status 0");
        _timestamp.push(block.timestamp);
        _traceName.push(traceName);
        _traceAddress.push(traceAddress);
        _traceQuality.push(quality);
        _currentName = traceName;
        _currentAddress = traceAddress;
        _currentQuality = quality;
        _status = 1;
        return true;
    }

    function addFoodByRetailer(string memory traceName, address traceAddress,uint8 quality) public  returns(bool){
        require(_status == 1 ,"this is not status 0");
        _timestamp.push(block.timestamp);
        _traceName.push(traceName);
        _traceAddress.push(traceAddress);
        _traceQuality.push(quality);
        _currentName = traceName;
        _currentAddress = traceAddress;
        _currentQuality = quality;
        _status = 2;
        return true;
    }

    //返回食品的信息
    function getFoodInfo() public  view returns (uint256,string memory,string memory,uint8,address,uint8){
        return (block.timestamp,_name,_currentName,_currentQuality,_currentAddress,_status);
    }

    //返回新增食品的信息农场
    function getFoodInfoNew() public view returns (uint256,string memory,string memory,address,uint8){
        return (block.timestamp,_name,_traceName[0],_traceAddress[0],_traceQuality[0]);
    }

    //返回通过分销商的信息
    function getFoodInfoByDistributor() public view returns (uint256,string memory,string memory,string memory,address,uint8){
        return (block.timestamp,_name,_traceName[0],_traceName[1],_traceAddress[1], _traceQuality[1]);
    }

    //返回通过零售商的信息
    function getFoodInfoByRetailer() public view returns (uint256,string memory, string memory,string memory,string memory, address,uint8){
        return (_timestamp[0],_name,_traceName[0],_traceName[1],_traceName[2],_traceAddress[2],_traceQuality[2]);
    }

    function getFoodInfoByRoles() public view  returns (uint256,address[] memory,uint8[] memory){
        return (_timestamp[0],_traceAddress,_traceQuality);
    }

    function getFoodInfoByAll() public view returns (string memory,uint256,string memory,uint8,uint256,string memory,uint8,uint256,string memory,uint8){
        return (_name,_timestamp[0],_traceName[0],_traceQuality[0],_timestamp[1],_traceName[1],_traceQuality[1],_timestamp[2],_traceName[2],_traceQuality[2]);
    }
}

Trace.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

import "./Roles.sol";
import "./Producer.sol";
import "./Distributor.sol";
import "./Retailer.sol";
import "./FoodInfoItem.sol";

contract Trace is Producer,Distributor,Retailer{
    mapping (uint256 => address) foods;
    uint256[] foodlist;
    address public  owner;
    
    constructor(address producer,address distributor,address retailer) public Producer(producer) Distributor(distributor) Retailer(retailer){
        owner = msg.sender;
    }

    function newFood(uint256 traceNumber,string memory name,string memory traceName, uint8 quality) public onlyProducer returns (FoodInfoItem){
        require(foods[traceNumber]==address(0),"address is not exist");
        FoodInfoItem food = new FoodInfoItem(name,traceName,msg.sender,quality);
        foods[traceNumber] = address(food);
        foodlist.push(traceNumber);
        return food;
    }

    function addFoodByDistributor(uint256 traceNumber,string memory traceName,uint8 quality) public onlyDistributor returns (bool){
        require(foods[traceNumber] != address(0),"address is 0");
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).addFoodByDistributor(traceName,msg.sender, quality);
    }

    function addFoodByRetailer(uint256 traceNumber, string memory traceName, uint8 quality) public  onlyRetailer returns (bool){
        require(foods[traceNumber] != address(0),"address is 0");
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).addFoodByRetailer(traceName, msg.sender, quality);
    }

    //当前食品溯源
    function getFoodInfo(uint256 traceNumber) public view returns (uint256,string memory,string memory,uint8,address,uint8){
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).getFoodInfo();
    }

    //农场溯源
    function getFoodInfoByNew(uint256 traceNumber) public view returns (uint256,string memory,string memory,address,uint8) {
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).getFoodInfoNew();
    }

    //分销商溯源
    function getFoodInfoByDistributor(uint256 traceNumber) public view returns (uint256,string memory,string memory,string memory,address,uint8) {
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).getFoodInfoByDistributor();
    }

    //零售商溯源
    function getFoodInfoRetailer(uint256 traceNumber) public view returns (uint256,string memory, string memory,string memory,string memory, address,uint8) {
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).getFoodInfoByRetailer();
    }

    //三个阶段溯源
    function getFoodInfoByRoles(uint256 traceNumber) public view returns (uint256,address[] memory,uint8[] memory){
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).getFoodInfoByRoles();
    }

    //消费者整体溯源
    function getFoodInfoByAll(uint256 traceNumber) public view returns (string memory,uint256,string memory,uint8,uint256,string memory,uint8,uint256,string memory,uint8) {
        return FoodInfoItem(foods[traceNumber]).getFoodInfoByAll();
    }

    //获取所有商品
    function getAllFood() public view returns (uint256[] memory){
        require(msg.sender == owner,"you are not deployer");
        return foodlist;
    }

}

编译部署最终结果

 

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