一、背景
编队控制代码地址
主要实现控制多架无人机从任意随机初始位置,运动成规则编队。需要安装cvx工具包CVX: Matlab Software for Disciplined Convex Programming | CVX Research, Inc.
二、代码
% This script simulates formation control of a group of UAVs.
%
% -------> Scale of the formation is NOT controlled in this demo!
%
% -------> IMPORTANT: CVX must be installed before running!
%
% -------> Download CVX from: http://cvxr.com/cvx/
%
%
% This program is a free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
% under the terms of the GNU lesser General Public License,
% either version 3, or any later version.
%
% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. See the GNU Lesser General Public License
% for more details <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
%
addpath('Helpers');
%% Simulation parameters for triangle formation
% Desired formation coordinates
% qs = [0 -2 -2 -4 -4 -4
% 0 -1 1 -2 0 2]*sqrt(5)*2;
%
% % Random initial positions
% q0 = [ 12.9329 8.2202 10.2059 1.1734 0.7176 0.5700
% 6.6439 8.5029 5.5707 6.8453 11.0739 14.3136];
%
% % Random initial heading angles
% theta0 = [5.6645 4.2256 1.8902 4.5136 3.6334 5.7688].';
%
% n = size(qs,2); % Number of agents
%
% % Graph adjacency matrix
% adj = [ 0 1 1 0 0 0
% 1 0 1 1 1 0
% 1 1 0 0 1 1
% 0 1 0 0 1 0
% 0 1 1 1 0 1
% 0 0 1 0 1 0];
%% Simulation parameters for square formation
% Desired formation coordinates 10 所需编队坐标 (10个无人机所形成的形状)
qs = [0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2
0 -1 -2 0 -1 -2 0 -1 -2]*15;
%一字型
% qs = [0 -1 -2 -3
% 0 -1 -2 -3]*15;
% Random initial positions 1.5
q0 = [18.2114 14.9169 7.6661 11.5099 5.5014 9.0328 16.0890 0.5998 1.7415;
16.0112 16.2623 12.3456 10.6010 4.9726 4.5543 19.7221 10.7133 16.0418]*1.5;
%一字形
% q0 = [ 27.3171 11.4992 13.5492 2.6122;
% 24.0168 18.5184 6.8314 24.0627]*1.5;
% Random initial heading angles
theta0 = [6.2150 0.4206 5.9024 0.1142 4.2967 4.9244 3.3561 5.5629 5.6486].';
% theta0 = [6.2150 0.4206 5.9024 0.1142].';
n = size(qs,2); % Number of agents
%theta0 = 2*pi*rand(n,1);
% Graph adjacency matrix
adj = [ 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 %第一个无人机和第2第4个
1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0];
%针对一字型,新通信矩阵
% adj = [ 0 1 0 1
% 1 0 1 0
% 0 1 0 1
% 1 0 1 0];
%% Parameters
T = [0, 30]; % Simulation time interval 模拟时间
vSat = [3, 5]; % Speed range 3 5
omegaSat = [-pi/4, pi/4]; % Allowed heading angle rate of change
p = [1; 1]; % Desired travel direction 行进方向
%% Computing formation control gains
% Find stabilizing control gains (Needs CVX) 增益控制矩阵
A = FindGains(qs(:), adj); %无人机形状 无人机间连接矩阵
% % If optimization failed, perturbe 'qs' slightly:
% A = FindGains(qs(:)+0.0001*rand(2*n,1), adj);
%% Simulate the model
Tvec = linspace(T(1), T(2), 50); %用于产生T1,T2之间的50点行矢量 也就是取0~30s内50个插值点
state0 = [q0(:); theta0]; % Initial state 初始位置和初始方位角 27*1
% Parameters passed down to the ODE solver
par.n = n;%无人机数目
par.A = A;%增益矩阵
par.p = p;%行进方向
par.vSat = vSat;%速度范围
par.omegaSat = omegaSat;%方向角度变化范围
% Simulate the dynamic system
opt = odeset('AbsTol', 1.0e-06, 'RelTol', 1.0e-06);%用参数名以及参数值设定解法器的参数
[t,stateMat] = ode45(@PlaneSys_Ver3_2, Tvec, state0, opt, par);%数值分析中数值求解微分方程组的一种方法,4阶五级Runge-Kutta算法
%t 0-30s内的50个插值
%% Make movie and plot the results
close all
% Simulation parameters
plotParam.adj = adj;
plotParam.N = n;
plotParam.stateMat = stateMat;%50*27包含所有无人机的位置信息
plotParam.trace = 50; % Trace length 跟踪范围大小
plotParam.qs = qs;%编队形状
% Make movie and snapshots
fileName = 'UAVSim';
MoviePlaneVer2_1(fileName, plotParam)%用来绘制结果
三、思路解读
首先每个无人机包含的信息有(x,y)坐标以及方向角yaw,程序开始前需要给这些无人机初始一些位置信息和角度信息,也就是代码中的q0位置信息和theta0方位角信息,然后确定无人机群的飞行方向,也就是p=[1,1],表示向右上角飞。无人机编队最后的形状,由矩阵qs确定,通过(x,y)坐标确定无人机编队的最终形状。
以上初始化信息确定好后,需要确定仿真时间,仿真关键点个数,也就对应的是
Tvec = linspace(T(1), T(2), 50); %用于产生T1,T2之间的50点行矢量 也就是取0~30s内50个插值点文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-744051.html
接着就是使用微分方程求解编队按着预设方向飞行的时候,各个无人机位置信息和角度信息。 关键函数为ode45,返回值stateMat大小为50*27,每一行数据代表一个时刻点无人机的位置和角度信息,前18个分别为x,y坐标信息,后9个为方位角yaw的信息。文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-744051.html
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