1. 前言
学习华为防火墙IPsec双机实验记录
ensp拓扑链接：拓扑
防火墙登录账号都为admin
密码为Huawei@123
2. 拓扑
总部：
两台防火墙 采用双机部署，分别连接到ISP1、ISP2
总部两台防火墙的 ISP1 出口是 G0/0/3，连接 ISP2 的出口是 G0/0/5，缺省情况下，流量走 FW1 的 G0/0/3 接口
两台防火墙 作为内网用户的上网网关
两台防火墙 需要基于双机双出口与两个分公司分别建立 IPSec VPN。
分公司1：
路由器NAT-Device作为NAT设备，连接到ISP3
出口防火墙Fw3作为内网用户的上网网关，以及与总部对接IPSec VPN。
分公司2：
出口防火墙Fw4连接到ISP4，作为内网用户的上网网关，以及与总部对接IPSec VPN。
3. 需求
链路故障：
- FW1
连接 ISP1 链路故障，但是 ISP1 未故障，流量走 FW2 的 G0/0/3；- FW1 连接 ISP1 链路未故障，但是
ISP1 故障，流量走 FW2 的 G0/0/5；- FW1
连接 ISP1 链路恢复，ISP1 恢复，流量走 FW1 的 G0/0/3；
设备故障：
- FW1 正常情况下，流量走 FW1 的 G0/0/3；
- FW1 设备故障，流量走 FW2 的 G0/0/3；
- FW1 及 ISP1 设备故障，流量走 FW2 的 G0/0/5
4. 解法
4.1 思路
总部
IP-Link
- 在Fw1、Fw2上开启IP-Link探测功能，探测连接到IPS1的网络，当ISP1网络发生故障，可以及时发现故障。
双机热备
-
在Fw1、Fw2配置双机热备，采用主备备份模式，Fw1作为主设备、Fw2作为备设备。同时配置VGMP组监控接口和IP-Link状态，确保在遇到故障的时候实现快速切换。
- 配置VGMP组监控连接到ISP1、ISP2、内网的接口
- 配置VGMP组监控连接到ISP1的网络，即关联上一步的IP-Link
-
在Fw1、Fw2配置部署VRRP备份组：
- Fw1、Fw2连接到ISP1的接口加入到同一VRRP备份组中，虚拟IP地址配置为ISP1的公网地址，同时启用虚拟MAC地址功能。
- Fw1、Fw2连接到ISP2的接口加入到同一VRRP备份组中，虚拟IP地址配置为ISP2的公网地址，同时启用虚拟MAC地址功能。
- Fw1、Fw2连接到内网的接口加入到同一VRRP备份组中，虚拟IP地址配置为内网网关地址，同时启用虚拟MAC地址功能。
- 因为F1作为主设备，所以Fw1的VRRP备份组的状态都设置为active。
- 因为F2作为备设备，所以Fw2的VRRP备份组的状态都设置为standby。
IPsec
- 总部对接IPSec VPN的分公司，存在对端为 非固定公网IP和固定公网IP的情况，所以总部对接非固定公网IP的Fw3采用IPSec策略模板方式，对接固定公网IP的Fw4采用IPSec策略方式。
- 根据总部和分部需要互访的流量，使用高级ACL定义 需要 受IPSec VPN保护 的感兴趣流。
- 配置IKE提议、IPSec提议，根据用户需求配置安全参数，确保两端参数一致。
- 配置针对Fw3的IKE Peer。使用预共享密钥进行认证，引用IKE提议，由于对端为非固定公网IP，无需配置对端IP地址，但是需要开启NAT穿越功能。
- 配置针对Fw4的IKE Peer。使用预共享密钥进行认证，引用IKE提议，配置对端IP地址。
- 配置针对Fw3的IPsec策略模板。引用感兴趣流、IPSec提议、Fw3的IKE Peer，配置本端地址。
- 配置针对从ISP1和ISP2到达Fw4的2个IPsec策略。引用感兴趣流、IPSec提议、Fw4的IKE Peer，配置本端地址、对端地址。
- 将IPsec策略模板引用到2个IPsec策略中。切记 IPsec策略模板 的序列号 一定要大于 IPsec策略 的序列号。
- 分别在两个出接口调用对应的IPsec策略。
- 由于配置了双机热备，只需在主墙配置，配置会自动同步到备墙。
路由部署
- 根据需求，需要配置两条缺省路由，一主一备：
- 主路由为去往ISP1，并绑定IP-Link “to_isp1”，实现ISP1故障时的路由快速切换。
- 备路由为去往ISP2。
分公司(Fw3 动态公网IP)
IPsec
- 根据总部和分部需要互访的流量，使用高级ACL定义 需要 受IPSec VPN保护 的感兴趣流。
- 配置IKE提议、IPSec提议，根据用户需求配置安全参数，确保两端参数一致。
- 配置针对总部ISP1和ISP2的两个IKE Peer。使用预共享密钥进行认证（需要与总部一致），引用IKE提议，由于本端为非固定公网IP，需要开启NAT穿越功能。在ISP1的IKE Peer中，对端IP地址为总部连接到ISP1的VRRP备份组虚拟IP地址；在ISP2的IKE Peer中，对端IP地址为总部连接到ISP2的VRRP备份组虚拟IP地址。
- 配置针对总部ISP1和ISP2的两个IPsec策略。引用感兴趣流、IPSec提议。对接总部ISP1的IPsec策略中，调用ISP1的IKE Peer；对接总部ISP2的IPsec策略中，调用ISP2的IKE Peer。
- 配置两个tunnel接口，分别为tunnel1和tunnel2，加入到与外网侧物理接口相同的安全区域中，协议类型为IPSec，同时借用外网侧接口的IP地址。Tunnel1作为主隧道，调用对接总部ISP1的IPsec策略；Tunnel2作为备隧道，调用对接总部ISP2的IPsec策略
IP-Link
- 在Fw3上开启IP-Link探测功能，探测 总部 连接到ISP1 所在的 VRRP备份组虚拟IP地址，当发生故障时，可以及时发现故障。
路由部署
- 配置一条到达运营商的缺省路由。
- 配置两条到达 总部内部网络 的路由，一主一备：
- 主路由：下一跳指向Tunnel1，并绑定IP-Link“to_ZongBu_isp1”，实现总部ISP1故障时的路由快速切换。
- 备路由：下一跳指向Tunnel2。
4.2 参考命令
Fw1
#
sysname Fw1
#
hrp enable
hrp interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6 remote 100.1.1.2
hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
hrp track ip-link to_isp1
#
ip-link check enable
ip-link name to_isp1
destination 202.2.2.6 interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3 mode icmp next-hop 202.2.2.6
#
acl number 3000
rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
acl number 3001
rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
#
ipsec proposal 1
esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
#
ike proposal 1
encryption-algorithm aes-256
dh group14
authentication-algorithm sha2-256
authentication-method pre-share
integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256
prf hmac-sha2-256
#
ike peer to_fw4
pre-shared-key Huawei@123
ike-proposal 1
remote-address 205.1.1.2
ike peer to_fw3
pre-shared-key Huawei@123
ike-proposal 1
dpd type periodic
dpd idle-time 10
dpd retransmit-interval 2
#
ipsec policy-template FenBu 10
security acl 3001
ike-peer to_fw3
proposal 1
#
ipsec policy POLICY_1 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
ike-peer to_fw4
proposal 1
tunnel local 202.2.2.1
ipsec policy POLICY_1 50 isakmp template FenBu
ipsec policy POLICY_2 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
ike-peer to_fw4
proposal 1
tunnel local 40.1.1.1
sa trigger-mode auto
ipsec policy POLICY_2 50 isakmp template FenBu
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 10.1.1.254 active
vrrp virtual-mac enable
link-group 1
service-manage ping permit
dhcp select interface
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
ip address 202.2.2.2 255.255.255.248
vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 202.2.2.1 active
vrrp virtual-mac enable
link-group 1
service-manage ping permit
ipsec policy POLICY_1
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
ip address 40.1.1.2 255.255.255.248
vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 40.1.1.1 active
vrrp virtual-mac enable
link-group 1
service-manage ping permit
ipsec policy POLICY_2
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
ip address 100.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
service-manage ping permit
#
firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
#
firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
#
firewall zone dmz
set priority 50
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
#
firewall zone name isp1 id 4
set priority 10
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
#
firewall zone name isp2 id 5
set priority 20
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.2.2.6 track ip-link to_isp1
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 40.1.1.6 preference 70
#
security-policy
rule name ipsec_ike
source-zone isp1
source-zone isp2
source-zone local
destination-zone isp1
destination-zone isp2
destination-zone local
source-address 202.2.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255
source-address 205.1.1.2 mask 255.255.255.255
source-address 40.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 202.2.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 205.1.1.2 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 40.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255
service protocol udp source-port 500 destination-port 500
action permit
rule name ipsec_office_FengGongSi_2
source-zone isp1
source-zone isp2
source-zone trust
destination-zone isp1
destination-zone isp2
destination-zone trust
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name ipsec_esp
source-zone isp1
source-zone isp2
destination-zone local
destination-address 202.2.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 40.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255
service esp
action permit
rule name ipsec_ike_ChanYue
source-zone isp1
source-zone isp2
source-zone local
destination-zone isp1
destination-zone isp2
destination-zone local
service protocol udp destination-port 500 4500
action permit
rule name icmp
source-zone local
service icmp
action permit
rule name to_internet
source-zone trust
destination-zone isp1
destination-zone isp2
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name ipsec_office_FengGongSi_1
source-zone isp1
source-zone isp2
source-zone trust
destination-zone isp1
destination-zone isp2
destination-zone trust
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
#
nat-policy
rule name no-nat
source-zone trust
destination-zone isp1
destination-zone isp2
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action no-nat
rule name to_internet
source-zone trust
destination-zone isp1
destination-zone isp2
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action source-nat easy-ip
#
Fw2
Fw2只配置基础命令，双机热备会同步配置
sys
sys Fw2
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
ip address 202.2.2.3 255.255.255.248
vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 202.2.2.1 s
vrrp virtual-mac enable
service-manage ping permit
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
ip address 40.1.1.3 255.255.255.248
vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 40.1.1.1 s
vrrp virtual-mac enable
service-manage ping permit
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
ip add 100.1.1.2 24
service-manage ping permit
dhcp enable
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
undo shutdown
ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 10.1.1.254 s
vrrp virtual-mac enable
service-manage ping permit
dhcp select interface
firewall zone trust
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
#
firewall zone dmz
set priority 50
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
#
firewall zone name isp1 id 4
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
#
firewall zone name isp2 id 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
ipsec policy POLICY_1 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
proposal 1
tunnel local 202.2.2.1
ipsec policy POLICY_2 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
proposal 1
tunnel local 40.1.1.1
ip-link check enable
ip-link name to_isp1
destination 202.2.2.6 interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3 mode icmp next-hop 202.2.2.6
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.2.2.6 track ip-link to_isp1
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 40.1.1.6 preference 70
hrp enable
hrp interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6 remote 100.1.1.1
Fw3
sysname Fw3
#
ip-link check enable
ip-link name to_isp1
destination 202.2.2.1 interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 mode icmp next-hop 201.1.1.1
#
acl number 3000
rule 5 permit ip source 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
#
ipsec proposal 1
esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
#
ike proposal 1
encryption-algorithm aes-256
dh group14
authentication-algorithm sha2-256
authentication-method pre-share
integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256
prf hmac-sha2-256
#
ike peer to_isp1
pre-shared-key Huawei@123
ike-proposal 1
dpd type periodic
dpd idle-time 10
dpd retransmit-interval 2
remote-address 202.2.2.1
ike peer to_isp2
pre-shared-key Huawei@123
ike-proposal 1
dpd type periodic
dpd idle-time 10
dpd retransmit-interval 2
remote-address 40.1.1.1
#
ipsec policy POLICY_1 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
ike-peer to_isp1
proposal 1
sa trigger-mode auto
ipsec policy POLICY_2 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
ike-peer to_isp2
proposal 1
sa trigger-mode auto
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
undo shutdown
ip address dhcp-alloc
#
interface Tunnel1
ip address unnumbered interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
tunnel-protocol ipsec
ipsec policy POLICY_1
#
interface Tunnel2
ip address unnumbered interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
tunnel-protocol ipsec
ipsec policy POLICY_2
#
firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
#
firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
add interface Tunnel1
add interface Tunnel2
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel1 track ip-link to_isp1
ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel2 preference 70
#
security-policy
rule name to_internet
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name ipsec_ike
source-zone local
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
destination-zone untrust
service protocol udp destination-port 500 4500
action permit
rule name ipsec_office
source-zone trust
source-zone untrust
destination-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name icmp
source-zone local
service icmp
action permit
#
nat-policy
rule name no-nat
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.16.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.16.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action no-nat
rule name to_internet
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 192.16.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action source-nat easy-ip
Fw4
sysname fw4
#
acl number 3000
rule 5 permit ip source 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
#
ipsec proposal 1
esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
#
ike proposal 1
encryption-algorithm aes-256
dh group14
authentication-algorithm sha2-256
authentication-method pre-share
integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256
prf hmac-sha2-256
#
ike peer to_isp1
pre-shared-key Huawei@123
ike-proposal 1
dpd type periodic
dpd idle-time 10
dpd retransmit-interval 2
remote-address 202.2.2.1
ike peer to_isp2
pre-shared-key Huawei@123
ike-proposal 1
remote-address 40.1.1.1
#
ipsec policy POLICY_1 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
ike-peer to_isp1
proposal 1
ipsec policy POLICY_2 5 isakmp
security acl 3000
ike-peer to_isp2
proposal 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
undo shutdown
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
service-manage ping permit
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
undo shutdown
ip address 205.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
service-manage ping permit
#
interface Tunnel1
ip address unnumbered interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
tunnel-protocol ipsec
ipsec policy POLICY_1
#
interface Tunnel2
ip address unnumbered interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
tunnel-protocol ipsec
ipsec policy POLICY_2
#
firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
#
firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
add interface Tunnel1
add interface Tunnel2
#
firewall zone dmz
set priority 50
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 205.1.1.1
#
security-policy
rule name to_internet
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name ipsec_ike
source-zone local
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
destination-zone untrust
source-address 202.2.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255
source-address 205.1.1.2 mask 255.255.255.255
source-address 40.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 202.2.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 205.1.1.2 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 40.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255
service protocol udp source-port 500 destination-port 500
action permit
rule name ipsec_esp
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
source-address 202.2.2.1 mask 255.255.255.255
source-address 40.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255
destination-address 205.1.1.2 mask 255.255.255.255
service esp
action permit
rule name ipsec_office
source-zone trust
source-zone untrust
destination-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
ISP1
sys
sys isp1
int g0/0/1
ip add 202.2.2.6 29
int g0/0/0
ip add 18.1.1.1 24
ospf 10 router-id 1.1.1.1
a 0
net 202.2.2.6 0.0.0.7
net 18.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
ISP2
sys
sys isp2
int g0/0/1
ip add 40.1.1.6 29
int g0/0/0
ip add 18.1.1.2 24
ospf 10 router-id 2.2.2.2
a 0
net 40.1.1.6 0.0.0.7
net 18.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
ISP3
sys
sys isp3
int g0/0/2
ip add 200.1.1.1 24
int g0/0/0
ip add 18.1.1.3 24
ospf 10 router-id 3.3.3.3
a 0
net 200.1.1.2 0.0.0.255
net 18.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
ISP4
sys
sys isp4
int g0/0/1
ip add 205.1.1.1 24
int g0/0/0
ip add 18.1.1.4 24
ospf 10 router-id 4.4.4.4
a 0
net 205.1.1.1 0.0.0.255
net 18.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
NAT-Device
sys
sys NAT-Device
acl number 2000
rule 5 permit source 201.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
dhcp en
nat address-group 1 200.1.1.100 200.1.1.200
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 201.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
dhcp select interface
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 200.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
nat outbound 2000 address-group 1
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.1.1.1
4.3 故障测试
FW1正常时
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M[Fw1]display ip routing-table
2023-12-08 03:33:19.840
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14 Routes : 14
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 202.2.2.6 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
10.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
40.1.1.0/29 Direct 0 0 D 40.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
40.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
40.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/6
100.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/6
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.2.2.0/29 Direct 0 0 D 202.2.2.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
202.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
202.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M[Fw1]display vrrp brief
2023-12-08 03:28:56.630
Total:3 Master:3 Backup:0 Non-active:0
VRID State Interface Type Virtual IP
----------------------------------------------------------------
1 Master GE1/0/3 Vgmp 202.2.2.1
2 Master GE1/0/5 Vgmp 40.1.1.1
3 Master GE1/0/1 Vgmp 10.1.1.254
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M[Fw1]display ike sa
2023-12-08 03:29:08.260
IKE SA information :
Conn-ID Peer VPN Flag(s) Phase RemoteType RemoteID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33 200.1.1.198:65064 RD|M v2:2 IP 201.1.1.254
30 200.1.1.198:65064 RD|M v2:1 IP 201.1.1.254
44 205.1.1.2:500 RD|ST|M v2:2 IP 205.1.1.2
39 205.1.1.2:500 RD|ST|M v2:1 IP 205.1.1.2
32 200.1.1.198:64552 RD|M v2:2 IP 201.1.1.254
31 200.1.1.198:64552 RD|M v2:1 IP 201.1.1.254
43 205.1.1.2:500 RD|M v2:2 IP 205.1.1.2
41 205.1.1.2:500 RD|M v2:1 IP 205.1.1.2
Number of IKE SA : 8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flag Description:
RD--READY ST--STAYALIVE RL--REPLACED FD--FADING TO--TIMEOUT
HRT--HEARTBEAT LKG--LAST KNOWN GOOD SEQ NO. BCK--BACKED UP
M--ACTIVE S--STANDBY A--ALONE NEG--NEGOTIATING
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M[Fw1]display ipsec sa brief
2023-12-08 03:29:26.490
IPSec SA information:
Src address Dst address SPI
VPN Protocol Algorithm
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
202.2.2.1 200.1.1.198 196662029
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
40.1.1.1 200.1.1.198 194138009
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
40.1.1.1 205.1.1.2 200362542
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
200.1.1.198 202.2.2.1 194760684
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
205.1.1.2 40.1.1.1 185700354
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
202.2.2.1 205.1.1.2 197910612
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
205.1.1.2 202.2.2.1 190270246
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
200.1.1.198 40.1.1.1 194466263
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
Number of IPSec SA : 8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M[Fw1]
PC1测试
PC>
PC>ping 172.16.1.10
Ping 172.16.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=78 ms
--- 172.16.1.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
3 packet(s) received
40.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/83/94 ms
PC>
PC>
PC>ping 192.168.3.10
Ping 192.168.3.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=109 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=79 ms
--- 192.168.3.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/86/109 ms
PC>
isp1链路故障模拟
关闭ISP1接口
[isp1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]shutdown
Fw1成为备墙
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M[Fw1]
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 %%01HEALTHCHECK/4/DOWN(l)[93]:Detect changed status to down (Protocol=icmp,DestinationIp=202.2.2.6,DestinationPort=0).
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 %%01HRPI/4/PRIORITY_CHANGE(l)[94]:The priority of the local VGMP group changed. (change_reason="The IP-link went Down.", local_old_priority=45000, local_new_priority=44998)
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 %%01HEALTHCHECK/3/DOWN(l)[95]:IP-Link to_isp1 changed status to down (Protocol=icmp,DestinationIp=202.2.2.6,DestinationPort=0).
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 HEALTHCHECK/2/DOWN:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.6.122.45.2.2 IP-link to_isp1 changes status to down.
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 HRPI/1/CORE_STATE:1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.6.122.51.2.2.1 The HRP core state changed due to "Ip-link change to Down". (old_state=normal,new_state=abnormal(standby), local_priority=44998, peer_priority=45000)
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[96]:IPV4 default Route is changed. (ChangeType=Delete, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEthernet1/0/3, Nexthop=202.2.2.6, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=60, Label=NULL, Metric=0)
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[97]:IPV4 default Route is changed. (ChangeType=Add, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEthernet1/0/5, Nexthop=40.1.1.6, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=70, Label=NULL, Metric=0)
Dec 8 2023 03:34:52 Fw1 %%01HRPI/4/CORE_STATE(l)[98]:The HRP core state changed due to "Ip-link change to Down". (old_state=normal, new_state=abnormal(standby), local_priority=44998, peer_priority=45000)
HRP_S[Fw1]
Fw2成为主墙
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>display ip routing-table
2023-12-08 03:35:47.240
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14 Routes : 14
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 70 0 RD 40.1.1.6 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
10.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
10.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
40.1.1.0/29 Direct 0 0 D 40.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
40.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
40.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/6
100.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/6
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.2.2.0/29 Direct 0 0 D 202.2.2.3 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
202.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
202.2.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>display ip-link
2023-12-08 03:35:52.990
Current Total Ip-link Number : 1
Name Member State Up/Down/Init
to_isp1 1 down 0 1 0
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>display ike sa
2023-12-08 03:36:00.940
IKE SA information :
Conn-ID Peer VPN Flag(s) Phase RemoteType RemoteID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22 200.1.1.198:64552 RD|M v2:2 IP 201.1.1.254
21 200.1.1.198:64552 RD|M v2:1 IP 201.1.1.254
20 205.1.1.2:500 RD|ST|M v2:2 IP 205.1.1.2
19 205.1.1.2:500 RD|ST|M v2:1 IP 205.1.1.2
18 205.1.1.2:500 RD|M v2:2 IP 205.1.1.2
17 205.1.1.2:500 RD|M v2:1 IP 205.1.1.2
Number of IKE SA : 6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flag Description:
RD--READY ST--STAYALIVE RL--REPLACED FD--FADING TO--TIMEOUT
HRT--HEARTBEAT LKG--LAST KNOWN GOOD SEQ NO. BCK--BACKED UP
M--ACTIVE S--STANDBY A--ALONE NEG--NEGOTIATING
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>display vrrp brief
2023-12-08 03:36:23.660
Total:3 Master:3 Backup:0 Non-active:0
VRID State Interface Type Virtual IP
----------------------------------------------------------------
1 Master GE1/0/3 Vgmp 202.2.2.1
2 Master GE1/0/5 Vgmp 40.1.1.1
3 Master GE1/0/1 Vgmp 10.1.1.254
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>display ipsec sa brief
2023-12-08 03:36:09.140
IPSec SA information:
Src address Dst address SPI
VPN Protocol Algorithm
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40.1.1.1 200.1.1.198 196406332
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
40.1.1.1 205.1.1.2 200362542
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
205.1.1.2 40.1.1.1 185700354
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
202.2.2.1 205.1.1.2 197910612
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
205.1.1.2 202.2.2.1 190270246
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
200.1.1.198 40.1.1.1 200558179
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
Number of IPSec SA : 6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>display hrp state
2023-12-08 03:36:41.460
Role: active, peer: standby (should be "standby-active")
Running priority: 45000, peer: 44998
Backup channel usage: 0.00%
Stable time: 0 days, 0 hours, 3 minutes
Last state change information: 2023-12-08 3:33:36 HRP core state changed, old_state = normal, new_state = abnormal(active), local_priority = 45000, peer_priority = 44998.
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
PC1测试
PC>
PC>ping 172.16.1.10
Ping 172.16.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=94 ms
--- 172.16.1.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/90/94 ms
PC>
PC>ping 192.168.3.10
Ping 192.168.3.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=125 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=110 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=93 ms
--- 192.168.3.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/101/125 ms
PC>
isp1链路故障恢复
恢复ISP1接口
[isp1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown
Fw1成为主墙
HRP_S[Fw1]
HRP_S[Fw1]
Dec 8 2023 03:43:22 Fw1 %%01HRPI/4/PRIORITY_CHANGE(l)[99]:The priority of the local VGMP group changed. (change_reason="The IP-link went Up.", local_old_priority=44998, local_new_priority=45000)
Dec 8 2023 03:43:22 Fw1 HEALTHCHECK/6/UP:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.6.122.45.2.1 IP-link to_isp1 changes status to up.
Dec 8 2023 03:43:22 Fw1 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[100]:IPV4 default Route is changed. (ChangeType=Add, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEthernet1/0/3, Nexthop=202.2.2.6, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=60, Label=NULL, Metric=0)
Dec 8 2023 03:43:22 Fw1 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[101]:IPV4 default Route is changed. (ChangeType=Delete, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEthernet1/0/5, Nexthop=40.1.1.6, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=70, Label=NULL, Metric=0)
HRP_S[Fw1]
Dec 8 2023 03:44:23 Fw1 HRPI/1/CORE_STATE:1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.6.122.51.2.2.1 The HRP core state changed due to "Ip-link change to UP". (old_state=abnormal(standby),new_state=normal, local_priority=45000, peer_priority=45000)
Dec 8 2023 03:44:23 Fw1 %%01HRPI/4/CORE_STATE(l)[102]:The HRP core state changed due to "Ip-link change to UP". (old_state=abnormal(standby), new_state=normal, local_priority=45000, peer_priority=45000)
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M[Fw1]
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>display ip routing-table
2023-12-08 04:49:14.320
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14 Routes : 14
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 202.2.2.6 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
10.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
40.1.1.0/29 Direct 0 0 D 40.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
40.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
40.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/5
100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/6
100.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/6
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.2.2.0/29 Direct 0 0 D 202.2.2.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
202.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
202.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet1/0/3
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>display ip-link
2023-12-08 04:49:19.270
Current Total Ip-link Number : 1
Name Member State Up/Down/Init
to_isp1 1 up 1 0 0
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>display vrrp brief
2023-12-08 04:49:22.630
Total:3 Master:3 Backup:0 Non-active:0
VRID State Interface Type Virtual IP
----------------------------------------------------------------
1 Master GE1/0/3 Vgmp 202.2.2.1
2 Master GE1/0/5 Vgmp 40.1.1.1
3 Master GE1/0/1 Vgmp 10.1.1.254
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>dis
HRP_M<Fw1>display ike sa
2023-12-08 04:49:26.730
IKE SA information :
Conn-ID Peer VPN Flag(s) Phase RemoteType RemoteID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 200.1.1.198:23849 RD|ST|M v2:2 IP 201.1.1.254
47 200.1.1.198:23849 RD|M v2:1 IP 201.1.1.254
52 200.1.1.198:64552 RD|ST|M v2:2 IP 201.1.1.254
45 200.1.1.198:64552 RD|M v2:1 IP 201.1.1.254
51 205.1.1.2:500 RD|ST|M v2:2 IP 205.1.1.2
39 205.1.1.2:500 RD|ST|M v2:1 IP 205.1.1.2
53 205.1.1.2:500 RD|ST|M v2:2 IP 205.1.1.2
49 205.1.1.2:500 RD|M v2:1 IP 205.1.1.2
Number of IKE SA : 8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flag Description:
RD--READY ST--STAYALIVE RL--REPLACED FD--FADING TO--TIMEOUT
HRT--HEARTBEAT LKG--LAST KNOWN GOOD SEQ NO. BCK--BACKED UP
M--ACTIVE S--STANDBY A--ALONE NEG--NEGOTIATING
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>display ipsec sa brief
2023-12-08 04:49:45.770
IPSec SA information:
Src address Dst address SPI
VPN Protocol Algorithm
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40.1.1.1 205.1.1.2 185561417
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
202.2.2.1 200.1.1.198 189671080
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
40.1.1.1 200.1.1.198 184812195
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
205.1.1.2 40.1.1.1 199431858
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
200.1.1.198 202.2.2.1 198882347
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
200.1.1.198 40.1.1.1 199012368
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
205.1.1.2 202.2.2.1 195484779
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
202.2.2.1 205.1.1.2 194413064
ESP E:AES-256 A:SHA2_256_128
Number of IPSec SA : 8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRP_M<Fw1>
HRP_M<Fw1>
Fw2成为备墙
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
Dec 8 2023 03:42:09 Fw2 HEALTHCHECK/6/UP:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.6.122.45.2.1 IP-link to_isp1 changes status to up.
Dec 8 2023 03:42:09 Fw2 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[1]:IPV4 default Route is changed. (ChangeType=Add, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEthernet1/0/3, Nexthop=202.2.2.6, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=60, Label=NULL, Metric=0)
Dec 8 2023 03:42:09 Fw2 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[2]:IPV4 default Route is changed. (ChangeType=Delete, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEthernet1/0/5, Nexthop=40.1.1.6, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=70, Label=NULL, Metric=0)
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
HRP_M<Fw2>
Dec 8 2023 03:43:07 Fw2 HRPI/1/CORE_STATE:1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.6.122.51.2.2.1 The HRP core state changed due to "Unknown". (old_state=abnormal(active),new_state=normal, local_priority=45000, peer_priority=45000)
Dec 8 2023 03:43:07 Fw2 %%01HRPI/4/CORE_STATE(l)[3]:The HRP core state changed due to "Unknown". (old_state=abnormal(active), new_state=normal, local_priority=45000, peer_priority=45000)
HRP_S<Fw2>
HRP_S<Fw2>
PC1测试
PC>
PC>ping 192.168.3.10
Ping 192.168.3.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=126 time=93 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=63 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=110 ms
From 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=94 ms
--- 192.168.3.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 63/90/110 ms
PC>
PC>
PC>ping 172.16.1.10
Ping 172.16.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=109 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=63 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=93 ms
From 172.16.1.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=94 ms
--- 172.16.1.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/89/109 ms
PC>
4.4 流量走向诉求描述
-
当FW1 连接 ISP1 链路故障 或者 设备故障，但是 ISP1 未故障。可以通过VRRP感知故障，并联动双机热备 触发防火墙主备切换，即Fw2成为主墙。此时FW2上 主用缺省路由 绑定的 ip-link isp1并未感知ISP1网络出现故障，流量通过去往ISP1的G0/0/3口转发，且通过双机热备技术 同步状态会话表项，保证业务不中断。
-
当FW1 连接 ISP1 链路未故障，但是 ISP1 故障。可以通过IP-Link感知故障，并联动双机热备 触发防火墙主备切换，即Fw2成为主墙。此时FW2上 主用缺省路由 绑定的 ip-link isp1感知ISP1网络出现故障，流量通过去往ISP2的G0/0/5口转发，且通过双机热备技术 同步状态会话表项，保证业务不中断。
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当FW1 设备故障，但是 ISP1 故障。可以通过VRRP感知故障，并联动双机热备 触发防火墙主备切换，即Fw2成为主墙。此时FW2上 主用缺省路由 绑定的 ip-link isp1感知ISP1网络出现故障，流量通过去往ISP2的G0/0/5口转发，且通过双机热备技术 同步状态会话表项，保证业务不中断。文章来源：https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-759380.html
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当FW1 连接 ISP1 链路恢复，ISP1 恢复。可以通过VRRP、IP-Link感知故障恢复，触发防火墙以及浮动缺省路由主备回切，流量通过FW1的G0/0/3接口转发，且通过双机热备技术 同步状态会话表项，保证业务不中断。文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-759380.html
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