1,考试拓扑:
2,考试要求:
1、该拓扑为公司网络,其中包括公司总部、公司分部以及公司骨干网,不包含运营商公网部分。
2、设备名称均使用拓扑上名称改名,并且区分大小写。
3、整张拓扑均使用私网地址进行配置。
4、整张网络中,运行OSPF协议或者BGP协议的设备,其Router-id值为设备名数字号,例如R1的Router-id为1.1.1.1
5、OSPF路由宣告部分选择接口宣告方式,例如192.168.100.1 0.0.0.0;BGP仅宣告用户网段。
6、IBGP部分使用环回建立邻居,EBGP部分使用直连链路建立邻居,所有运行BGP的设备都需要建立邻居。
7、R1、R2、R5、R6、R7、R8需要配置环回接口,环回接口IP为设备名数字号,掩码为32,例如R2的环回接口为2.2.2.2/32
8、所有PC的IP地址均手工配置。
公司分部:
1、PC5和PC6属于不同VLAN
2、SW4是一个二层交换机
3、R10是用户的网关设备所在地
4、R9是分部出口路由器
5、分部使用OSPF进程200达到分部网络全网可达
6、公司分部出口设备运行BGP协议连接骨干网络,AS号为100
7、因AS-PATH属性原因,总部与分部路由会学习不到,使用命令如(peer 10.10.10.10 allow-as-loop,仅在总部与分部设备上配置即可),将允许AS号重复。
公司总部:
1、交换机为二层交换机
2、PC1和PC2属于一个网段,PC3和PC4是一个网段
3、R3和R4分别是下方PC的网关路由器
4、为保障公司总部到骨干网络的连通性,公司总部使用双路由器双出口的方式接入骨干网 5、为保障公司总部网络内部具备负载,R1、R2、R3、R4设备均作为设备冗余,并使用全连接的方式进行路由选路
6、总部内网使用OSPF进程100达到全网可达,OSPF需要宣告环回。
7、公司总部双出口设备运行BGP协议连接骨干网络,AS号为100(R1与R2设备也需要建立IBGP邻居关系)
8、因为R1和R2重发布时会出现次优路径,需要修改BGP路由优先级,使用命令(preference 140 255 255,仅在总部设备上配置即可),配置位置在iPv4-family unicast中。
公司骨干网:
1、为保障公司网络连通性,骨干网络考虑设备冗余操作,连接总部使用双路由器,骨干网络部分路由器之间使用双联路方式
2、骨干网设备运行OSPF协议达到骨干网全网可达,进程号为10。
3、骨干网设备运行BGP协议,AS号为200。使用全连接方式建邻。
优化:
1、为达到分流互备效果,公司总部业务部访问分部流量走R1,R2做备份;公司总部工程部访问分部流量走R2,R1做备份,并要求来回路径一致。
2、公司总部双出口流量均流向R5,R6做备份。来回路径一致。
3、OSPF重发布时,更改类型为Type-1
4、所有策略名称为policy-1
5、更改开销时,全部更改为10
3,配置:
ip地址配置
R1 <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]sys R1 [R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.100.9 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.100.21 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.100.17 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.1 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 2/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.5 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]interface LoopBack 0 [R1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 32 [R1-LoopBack0]q R2 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R2 [R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.100.13 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.100.22 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.100.5 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 [R2-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.13 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 2/0/0 [R2-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.9 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]interface LoopBack 0 [R2-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 32 [R2-LoopBack0]q R3 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R3 [R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.100.10 30 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.254 24 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.100.1 30 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 [R3-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 192.168.100.6 30 [R3-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]q R4 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R4 [R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.100.14 30 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.2.254 24 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.100.2 30 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 [R4-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 192.168.100.18 30 [R4-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]q R5 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R5 [R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.2 30 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.10.10.10 30 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.10.10.21 30 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 [R5-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.17 30 [R5-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]interface LoopBack 0 [R5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 32 [R5-LoopBack0]q R6 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R6 [R6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.14 30 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.10.10.25 30 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.10.10.6 30 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 [R6-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.18 30 [R6-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]interface LoopBack 0 [R6-LoopBack0]ip address 6.6.6.6 32 [R6-LoopBack0]q R7 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R7 [R7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.22 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.10.10.26 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.10.10.29 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 [R7-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.33 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]interface LoopBack 0 [R7-LoopBack0]ip address 7.7.7.7 32 [R7-LoopBack0]q R8 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R8 [R8]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.30 30 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.10.10.34 30 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.10.10.37 30 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface LoopBack 0 [R8-LoopBack0]ip address 8.8.8.8 32 [R8-LoopBack0]q R9 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R9 [R9]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.38 30 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.200.2 30 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface LoopBack 0 [R9-LoopBack0]ip address 9.9.9.9 32 [R9-LoopBack0]q R10 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys R10 [R10]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.200.1 30 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface LoopBack 0 [R10-LoopBack0]ip address 10.1.1.1 32 [R10-LoopBack0]q
二层交换配置
子接口单臂路由 [R10]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1.1 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]ip address 192.168.3.254 24 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]dot1q termination vid 10 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]arp broadcast enable [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]q [R10]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1.2 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]ip address 192.168.4.254 24 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]dot1q termination vid 20 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]arp broadcast enable [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]q <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]sys SW1 <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]sys SW2 <Huawei>sys [Huawei]sys SW3 [SW3]vlan batch 10 20——批量创建vlan [SW3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 20 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q [SW3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]q [SW3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
配置内部IGP协议OSPF(在宣告前display ip interface brief看一下地址对不对)
配置企业内网总部OSPF
R1 [R1]ospf 100 router-id 1.1.1.1 [R1-ospf-100]area 0 [R1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.9 0.0.0.0 [R1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.17 0.0.0.0 [R1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 [R1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]q R2 [R2]ospf 100 router-id 2.2.2.2 [R2-ospf-100]area 0 [R2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.5 0.0.0.0 [R2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.13 0.0.0.0 [R2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 [R2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]q R3 [R3]ospf 100 router-id 3.3.3.3 [R3-ospf-100]area 0 [R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.1 0.0.0.0 [R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.6 0.0.0.0 [R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.10 0.0.0.0 [R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.254 0.0.0.0 [R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]q R4 [R4]ospf 100 router-id 4.4.4.4 [R4-ospf-100]area 0 [R4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.2 0.0.0.0 [R4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.14 0.0.0.0 [R4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.18 0.0.0.0 [R4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.254 0.0.0.0 [R4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]q
配置骨干网ospf
R5 [R5]ospf 10 router-id 5.5.5.5 [R5-ospf-10]area 0 [R5-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.17 0.0.0.0 [R5-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.21 0.0.0.0 [R5-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 [R5-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]q R6 [R6]ospf 10 router-id 6.6.6.6 [R6-ospf-10]area 0 [R6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.25 0.0.0.0 [R6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.18 0.0.0.0 [R6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0 [R6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]q R7 [R7]ospf 10 router-id 7.7.7.7 [R7-ospf-10]area 0 [R7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.29 0.0.0.0 [R7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.33 0.0.0.0 [R7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.22 0.0.0.0 [R7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.26 0.0.0.0 [R7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 7.7.7.7 0.0.0.0 [R7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]q R8 [R8]ospf 10 router-id 8.8.8.8 [R8-ospf-10]area 0 [R8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.34 0.0.0.0 [R8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.10.30 0.0.0.0 [R8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 8.8.8.8 0.0.0.0 [R8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]q配置企业分部网络ospf
R9 [R9]ospf 200 router-id 9.9.9.9 [R9-ospf-200]area 0 [R9-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.200.2 0.0.0.0 [R9-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]network 9.9.9.9 0.0.0.0 [R9-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]q R10 [R10]ospf 200 router-id 10.10.10.10 [R10-ospf-200]area 0 [R10-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.200.1 0.0.0.0 [R10-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.254 0.0.0.0 [R10-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.254 0.0.0.0 [R10-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 [R10-ospf-200-area-0.0.0.0]q
配置EGP协议BGP
因为AS-PATH属性原因,总部与分部路由会学习不到,使用命令如(peer 10.10.10.10 allow-as- loop,仅在总部与分部设备上配置即可),将允许AS号重复文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-767423.html
内部网络
R1 [R1]bgp 100 [R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1 [R1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 100 [R1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0——更新源地址 [R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.2 as-number 200 [R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.6 as-number 200 [R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.2 allow-as-loop [R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.6 allow-as-loop R2 [R2]bgp 100 [R2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2 [R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100 [R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.14 as-number 200 [R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.10 as-number 200 [R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.10 allow-as-loop [R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.14 allow-as-loop R9 [R9]bgp 100 [R9-bgp]router-id 9.9.9.9 [R9-bgp]peer 10.10.10.37 as-number 200 [R9-bgp]peer 10.10.10.37 allow-as-loop骨干网络
R5 [R5]bgp 200 [R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5 [R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 200 [R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local [R5-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 200 [R5-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local [R5-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 200 [R5-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 next-hop-local [R5-bgp]peer 10.10.10.1 as-number 100 [R5-bgp]peer 10.10.10.9 as-number 100 [R5-bgp]q R6 [R6]bgp 200 [R6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6 [R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 200 [R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local [R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 200 [R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local [R6-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 200 [R6-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R6-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 next-hop-local [R6-bgp]peer 10.10.10.5 as-number 100 [R6-bgp]peer 10.10.10.13 as-number 100 R7 [R7]bgp 200 [R7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7 [R7-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 200 [R7-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 200 [R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 200 [R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 next-hop-local R8 [R8]bgp 200 [R8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8 [R8-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 200 [R8-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R8-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local [R8-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 200 [R8-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R8-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local [R8-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 200 [R8-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R8-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local [R8-bgp]peer 10.10.10.38 as-number 100
BGP重发布到OSPF学习路由
OSPF重发布时,更改类型为Type-1文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-767423.html
R1 [R1-ospf-100]import-route bgp type 1 [R1-bgp]network 192.168.1.0 [R1-bgp]network 192.168.2.0 R2 [R2-ospf-100]import-route bgp type 1 R9 [R9-ospf-200]import-route bgp type 1 [R9-bgp]network 192.168.3.0 [R9-bgp]network 192.168.4.0
优化
为达到分流互备效果,公司总部业务部访问分部流量走R1 , R2做备份;公司总部工程部访问分部流 量走R2 , R1做备份,并要求来回路径一致。
R1 [R1]bgp 100 [R1-bgp]ipv4-family unicast [R1-bgp-af-ipv4]preference 140 255 255 [R1]ip ip-prefix policy-1 permit 192.168.2.0 24 [R1]route-policy policy-1 permit node 10 [R1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix policy-1 [R1-route-policy]apply cost 10 [R1-route-policy]quit [R1]route-policy policy-1 permit node 20 [R1-route-policy]q [R1]bgp 100 [R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.2 route-policy policy-1 export [R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.6 route-policy policy-1 export R2 [R2]bgp 100 [R2-bgp]ipv4-family unicast [R2-bgp-af-ipv4]preference 140 255 255 [R2-bgp-af-ipv4]q [R2]ip ip-prefix policy-1 permit 192.168.1.0 24 [R2]route-policy policy-1 permit node 10 [R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix policy-1 [R2-route-policy]apply cost 10 [R2-route-policy]q [R2]route-policy policy-1 permit node 20 [R2-route-policy]q [R2]bgp 100 [R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.10 route-policy policy-1 export [R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.14 route-policy policy-1 export
公司总部双出口流量均流向R5 , R6做备份。来回路径一致。
R6 [R6]route-policy policy-1 permit node 10 [R6-route-policy]apply cost 10 [R6-route-policy]q [R6]route-policy policy-1 permit node 20 [R6-route-policy]q [R6]bgp 200 [R6-bgp]peer 10.10.10.5 route-policy policy-1 export [R6-bgp]peer 10.10.10.13 route-policy policy-1 export
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