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目录
一、前言
二、推荐开发及运行环境
三、项目基本结构
四、创建一个普通JAVAEE-WEB项目
五、搭建数据库
六、pom.xml引入依赖
七、创建实体类
八、创建三层架构对应模块的类和接口
九、Spring和Mybatis的整合
1、spring的配置文件:
2、Spring和Mybatis的整合配置
3、整合测试
4、测试结果
九、Spring和SpringMVC整合
1、Spring的配置
2、SpringMVC的配置
3、SSM框架整合测试
十、注意事项及其BUG反馈
1、控制台中文乱码解决办法:
2、Mysql数据库中文乱码解决办法:
3、服务器日志中文乱码解决办法:
4、出现no appropriate protocal 异常报错
5、出现java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:javax/severlet/报错
十一、总结
一、前言
最快的提升自己的编程水平以及对某个方向的理解和运用,必然是需要动手实践,在不断的Debug中自我折磨,然后放弃!!!(玩笑)
本篇文章只是进行基础的SSM框架(Sping+SpringMVC+Mybatis)的整合的教程,以及其中可能遇到的问题的简单解决办法!因为刚开始起手一个项目,自然需要一个过渡阶段,否则前期将会异常艰难。
废话不多说,开始吧!
全程干货不累赘,开始发车!!
Final Test Result:
二、推荐开发及运行环境
1、系统:Windows10
2、IDE:Interilj ideal 2021.3
3、服务器:Tomacat-8(用高版本对应的Severlet-4.0会启动报错,注意!!)
4、数据库:MySQL5.7
5、浏览器:FireFox
6、JavaKit:JDK18
三、项目基本结构
四、创建一个普通JAVAEE-WEB项目
1、点击File,new,project
2、创建一个JavaEnterpri项目,选择对应JDK,命名为SSM,选择JavaEE8,然后Finish
五、搭建数据库
1、创建SSM数据库和tb_book数据表
create database SSM;
create table tb_book(
id int(11) primary key,
name varchar(20) not null,
press varchar(20) not null,
author varchar(20) not null);
2、插入数据
insert into tb_book(id,name,press,author) values(1,"Moving Earth","人民出版社","刘慈欣");
六、pom.xml引入依赖
代码如下:(复制粘贴即可)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>SSM</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>SSM</name>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<junit.version>5.8.1</junit.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring事务管理-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring MVC的相关依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--MyBatis相关依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--MyBatis与Spring整合相关依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据源-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.20</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId>
<version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库驱动相关依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SSM</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<!-- 如果不添加此节点mybatis的mapper.xml文件都会被漏掉。 -->
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
七、创建实体类
src/main/java下创建com.itheima.domain包,创建Book实体类
1-1Book.java
package com.itheima.domain;
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String press;
private String author;
public Integer getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id){
this.id=id;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setPress(String press) {
this.press = press;
}
public String getPress() {
return press;
}
}
八、创建三层架构对应模块的类和接口
src/main/java下创建com.itheima.dao包,创建BookMapper接口
1-2 BookMapper.java
package com.itheima.dao;
import com.itheima.domain.Book;
public interface BookMapper {
public Book findBookById(Integer id);
}
同目录下创建其映射文件
1-3BookMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.BookMapper">
<!--根据id查询图书信息 -->
<select id="findBookById" parameterType="int"
resultType="com.itheima.domain.Book">
select * from tb_book where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
src/main/java下创建com.itheima.service包,创建BookService接口
1-4 BookService.java
package com.itheima.service;
import com.itheima.domain.Book;
public interface BookService {
Book findBookById(Integer id);
}
src/main/java下创建com.itheima.service.Impl包,创建实现类BookServiceImpl
1-5 BookServiceImpl.java
package com.itheima.service.impl;
import com.itheima.dao.BookMapper;
import com.itheima.domain.Book;
import com.itheima.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public Book findBookById (Integer id)
{
return bookMapper.findBookById(id);
}
}
src/main/java下创建com.itheima.controller包,创建BookController处理器类
1-5 BookController.java
package com.itheima.controller;
import com.itheima.domain.Book;
import com.itheima.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("/book")
public ModelAndView findBookById(Integer id)
{
Book book=bookService.findBookById(id);
ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.setViewName("book.jsp");
modelAndView.addObject("book",book);
return modelAndView;
}
}
九、Spring和Mybatis的整合
1、spring的配置文件:
src/main/resources目录下创建application-service.xml配置文件
2-1 application-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.service"/>
</beans>
2、Spring和Mybatis的整合配置
src/main/resources目录下创建属性源文件jdbc.properties,用于配置MySQL数据库
2-2 jdbc.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true\
&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
src/main/resources目录下创建application-dao.xml配置信息
2-3 application-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory"
class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.itheima.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3、整合测试
src/test/java中创建BookServiceTest类
2-4BookServiceTest.java
import com.itheima.domain.Book;
import com.itheima.service.BookService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:application-service.xml","classpath:application-dao.xml"})
public class BookServiceTest {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@Test
public void findBookById()
{
Book book=bookService.findBookById(2);
System.out.println("id:"+book.getId());
System.out.println("name:"+book.getName());
System.out.println("author:"+book.getAuthor());
System.out.println("press:"+book.getPress());
}
}
4、测试结果
测试成功:
九、Spring和SpringMVC整合
1、Spring的配置
在项目webapp/WEB-INF的web.xml中输入以下代码
3-1 web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2、SpringMVC的配置
src/main/resources目录下创建Spring-mvc.xml配置信息
3-2 spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
3、SSM框架整合测试
src/main/webapp下创建book.jsp文件
3-4 book.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>图书信息查询</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>图书id</th>
<th>图书名称</th>
<th>出版社</th>
<th>作者</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>${book.id}</td>
<td>${book.name}</td>
<td>${book.press}</td>
<td>${book.author}</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
启动Tomcat8,在浏览器输入
http://localhost:8082/SSM_war_exploded/book?id=1
其中8082为端口号,我的填的是8082,默认是8080,根据自己的配置改就行!
结果:
十、注意事项及其BUG反馈
1、控制台中文乱码解决办法:
Settings->Editor->File Encodings->三个部分如图都改为GBK即可
2、Mysql数据库中文乱码解决办法:
修改数据库字符集 :
alter database SSM default convert to character set utf8;
3、服务器日志中文乱码解决办法:
找到对应的Tomcat-8存储地址,在conf中找到
logging.properties文件,将全部GBk替换成UTF-8即可
4、出现no appropriate protocal 异常报错
找到对应位置jdk,把java.security中的
dk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=后的SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1删除,
如图大概在724行,删除后如图:
5、出现java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:javax/severlet/报错
是由于Tomcat高版本不支持4.0版本的Sevrlet导致,更换低版本Tomcat即可
十一、总结
总体来说,当开始着手一个WEB项目时,总会由于各种原因导致各种BUG,需要花费大量的时间去排查和调试,才能一步步把最后的项目运行出来,因此需要考虑的方面有很多,重要的是必须看懂编译器报错的原因,从而分析出可行的解决办法。
只有不断的鞭策自己去实践和学习,积累Debug的能力和经验,才能慢慢获得进步!
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