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前言
提示:文章大概
1、项目:前后端分离
2、前端:基于Vite创建的Vue3项目
3、后端:没有,模拟的后端数据
4、关于路径“@”符号——vite.config.js 文件里修改
提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,下面案例可供复制粘贴使用,嘎嘎爽
一、技术栈
- Vite 创建 Vue3 项目
# 1.创建项目
npm create vite@latest
# 2.下载依赖
npm install
# 3.运行项目
npm run dev
- Element-plus
# 1.下载
npm install element-plus --save
# 2.main.js 引入
// main.ts
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import ElementPlus from 'element-plus'
import 'element-plus/dist/index.css'
import App from './App.vue'
const app = createApp(App)
app.use(ElementPlus)
app.mount('#app')
- Vue-Router
# 1.安装
npm install vue-router@4
- nprogress (进度条——非必选,好看而已)
npm i nprogress -S
二、项目结构
三、菜单组件和数据
说明:
- AsideMenu.vue 引用 LeftSubMenu.vue 组件,并父传子传入后端数据
- LeftSubMenu.vue 组件加载数据
- menuData.json 后端模拟数据文件
1、AsideMenu.vue 组件
代码如下(示例):
<template>
<el-menu router :default-active="activeMenu" :class="'menu-left'" :default-openeds="openedsArr" text-color="#fff">
<LeftSubMenu :menuData="treeMenu"></LeftSubMenu>
</el-menu>
</template>
<script setup>
import LeftSubMenu from "./LeftSubMenu.vue";
import { computed } from "vue";
import { useRouter } from "vue-router";
import treeMenu from './menuData.json';
const openedsArr = treeMenu.map((item) => {
return item.path;
});
const activeMenu = computed(() => {
const router = useRouter();
const { meta, path } = router.currentRoute.value;
if (meta.matchPath2) {
return meta.matchPath2;
} else {
return path;
}
});
</script>
<style scoped>
.menu-left {
flex: 1;
padding: 0 8px;
border-right: none;
background: none;
}
.menu-left:deep(.el-menu),
.menu-left:deep(.el-sub-menu__title:hover) {
background: none;
}
.menu-left:deep(.el-menu-item),
.menu-left:deep(.el-sub-menu__title) {
height: 36px;
margin-bottom: 4px;
border-radius: 4px;
color: var(--text-main-color) !important;
}
.menu-left:deep(.el-menu-item:hover .icon),
.menu-left:deep(.el-menu-item.is-active .icon) {
filter: invert(100%);
-webkit-filter: invert(100%);
}
.menu-left:deep(.el-menu-item:hover),
.menu-left:deep(.el-menu-item.is-active) {
color: #ffffff !important;
background-color: #eecece;
}
</style>
2、LeftSubMenu.vue
代码如下(示例):
<template>
<template v-for="item in props.menuData">
<el-sub-menu :key="item.path" v-if="item.children && item.children.length > 0" :index="item.path">
<template #title>
<el-icon>
<component :is="item.icon"></component>
</el-icon>
<span>{{ item.meta.title }}</span>
</template>
<LeftSubMenu :menuData="item.children"></LeftSubMenu>
</el-sub-menu>
<el-menu-item :key="item.id" v-else :index="item.path" :disabled="item.disabled">
<template #title>
<!-- <img class="icon pd-r-10" :src="item.icon" /> -->
<el-icon>
<component :is="item.icon"></component>
</el-icon>
<span>{{ item.meta.title }}</span>
</template>
</el-menu-item>
</template>
</template>
<script setup>
import LeftSubMenu from "./LeftSubMenu.vue";
import { computed, onMounted } from "vue";
import { useRouter } from "vue-router";
const props = defineProps({
menuData: {
type: Array,
default: [],
},
});
onMounted(() => {
console.log(props.menuData, "Item打印数据");
});
const curRoute = computed(() => {
const router = useRouter();
const { path } = router.currentRoute.value;
return path;
});
</script>
3、menuData.json 数据
数据参数说明:
- menuType: 0为菜单组,1为菜单(可跳转)
- children: 子路由
数据说明:不复制
{
"id": "1", // 唯一id
"name": "Home", // 组件名称
"path": "/home", // 路由
"component": "/home/index.vue", // 组件文件位置
"menuType": "1", // 组件类型
"icon": "Discount", // 图标
"sort": 0, // 排序规则
"meta": {
"title": "系统首页", // 组件名称
"requiresAuth": null, // 是否需要身份验证
"roles": [], // 用户角色或权限
"breadcrumb": [ // 定义面包屑导航
{}
],
"keepAlive": null // 是否需要缓存
},
"children": [] // 子路由
}
代码如下(示例):
[
{
"id": "1",
"name": "Home",
"path": "/home",
"component": "/home/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "Discount",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "系统首页",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
},
{
"id": "2",
"name": "System",
"path": "/system",
"component": "/system/index.vue",
"menuType": "0",
"icon": "Operation",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "系统管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": [
{
"id": "211",
"name": "User",
"path": "/user",
"component": "/user/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "user",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "用户管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
},
{
"id": "222",
"name": "Menu",
"path": "/menu",
"component": "/menu/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "Menu",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "菜单管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
},
{
"id": "223",
"name": "Role",
"path": "/role",
"component": "/role/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "Avatar",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "角色管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
}
]
},
{
"id": "3",
"name": "Log",
"path": "/log",
"component": "/log/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "Notebook",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "日志管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
},
{
"id": "4",
"name": "Study",
"path": "/study",
"component": "/study/index.vue",
"menuType": "0",
"icon": "Notebook",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "学习管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": [
{
"id": "441",
"name": "StudyUser",
"path": "/studyUser",
"component": "/study/user/index.vue",
"menuType": "0",
"icon": "Notebook",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "用户管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": [
{
"id": "4441",
"name": "Student",
"path": "/student",
"component": "/study/user/student/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "Notebook",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "学生管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
},
{
"id": "4442",
"name": "Teacher",
"path": "/teacher",
"component": "/study/user/teacher/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "Notebook",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "教师管理",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
}
]
},
{
"id": "3",
"name": "Log",
"path": "/log",
"component": "/log/index.vue",
"menuType": "1",
"icon": "Notebook",
"sort": 0,
"meta": {
"title": "打卡记录",
"requiresAuth": null,
"roles": [],
"breadcrumb": [
{}
],
"keepAlive": null
},
"children": []
}
]
}
]
四、router 配置
说明:
- router.addRouter({}) 函数即动态路由,它是临时性的,就是一旦刷新就会清除掉添加的动态路由信息
- 需要重新定位到 localhost:8080 来刷新,重新获取路由信息,方便调试
- 因为是前端静态数据,所以正常,只要连接后端,请求数据后,缓存本地,每次刷新从本地获取即可
- 文章只是完成动态路由的实现,数据的持久性存储,各位根据自己项目自身完善
1、router/index.js
代码如下(示例):
import {
createRouter,
createWebHashHistory
} from 'vue-router';
import NotFound from '@/pages/404/404.vue' // pages 文件下创建404文件,再创建一个404.vue
const routes = [
{ path: "/", component: () => import('@/pages/manage/ManageMain.vue') }, // 登录页
{
path: "/manage", name: 'Manage', component: () => import('@/pages/manage/ManageMain.vue'), // 主页
},
{ path: '/:pathMatch(.*)*', name: 'NotFound', component: NotFound },
]
const router = createRouter({
// 4. 内部提供了 history 模式的实现。为了简单起见,我们在这里使用 hash 模式。
history: createWebHashHistory(),
routes, // `routes: routes` 的缩写
})
// 导出实例, permission.js 引入
export default router
2、permission.js (与main.js 同级)
说明:
- 注意 NProgress 的引入、配置、使用
- 动态路由的添加(主要是 router.addRoute ,其他的都是根据后端 json 文件的参数来判断,不同的参数配置,不同的判断,这只是我喜欢的参数配置)
- 路径的拼接(component: () => import(/* @vite-ignore */
./views${item.component}
)) - 具体的根据自己的情况配置,打印就知道了,
- 按照我的配置,就不需要改动
代码如下(示例):
// 说明:路由守卫文件
// 引入
import router from "./router";
// 判断用户无token 返回登录页提示有用
import { ElMessage } from 'element-plus';
// 进度条
import NProgress from 'nprogress';
// 简单配置 进度条,可以不配置:在axios中我们不再做配置,以用来区分。
NProgress.inc(0.2)
NProgress.configure({ easing: 'ease', speed: 500, showSpinner: false })
// 一、前置守卫
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
// 进度条
NProgress.start();
// 1、动态路由
addRoutes();
// 2、中间处理(token)
// 3、最后放行
next();
})
// 动态路由获取:注:之后完善项目直接考虑在登录的时候直接获取
// 直接缓存在 pinia 里
// 这里直接取数据,不请求
import { getTreeMenu } from '@/api/index.js';
import menuData from '@/components/menu2/menuData.json';
function addRoutes() {
// 1、后端数据
createRouters(menuData);
console.log("router/index.js打印router已有的路由信息", router.getRoutes());
}
// 拼接路由
function createRouters(result) {
result.forEach((item) => {
// 1、类型为0的菜单,子路由不为空,将子路由添加到manage里
if (item.menuType === '0' && item.children.length > 0) {
item.children.forEach((children) => {
createRouterTemplate('Manage', children);
})
}
// 2、menuType == 1, 子路由为空
if (item.menuType === '1' && item.children.length === 0) {
createRouterTemplate('Manage', item);
}
// 3、递归层级
if (item.children.length > 0) {
createRouters(item.children);
}
});
}
// 把router 的动态路由进行封装
function createRouterTemplate(fatherRouter, item) {
router.addRoute(fatherRouter, {
path: item.path,
name: item.name,
meta: {
title: item.meta.title, // 面包屑用
requiresAuth: item.meta.requiresAuth,
roles: item.meta.roles,
breadcrumb: item.meta.breadcrumb,
keepAlive: item.meta.keepAlive
},
// /* @vite-ignore */ :处理vite动态导入的警告
component: () => import(/* @vite-ignore */ `./views${item.component}`)
})
}
// 二、后置守卫
router.afterEach((to) => {
// 标签抬头
document.title = to.meta.title;
// 进度条
NProgress.done();
})
// main.js 导入的为这个router
export default router
3、main.js
说明:
- 1.注意 router 的引用文件
- 2.注意 nprogress 的引用
- 3.注意全局定义Element-Plus图标
- 4.注意Vue3动态图标的使用
# Vue3 动态图标的使用
<el-icon><component :is="item.icon"></component></el-icon>
代码如下(示例):
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import './style.css';
import ElementPlus from 'element-plus';
import 'element-plus/dist/index.css';
import App from './App.vue';
// import router from './router'; // 原router
import router from './permission'; // 现router
//Icon全局引入
import * as icons from "@element-plus/icons-vue";
// 进度条
import 'nprogress/nprogress.css';
const app = createApp(App);
// ElementPlus
app.use(ElementPlus);
// Icon全局注册
Object.keys(icons).forEach(key => {
app.component(key, icons[key])
})
app.use(router);
app.mount('#app')
五、效果
删除menuData.json 文件的某一个路由,界面将不展示!!!文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-787176.html
六、给个点赞和收藏
七、参考文献
参考文章 — https://www.cnblogs.com/lpkshuai/p/17346600.html文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-787176.html
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