参考资料
-
https://github.com/udacity/CarND-MPC-Quizzes/blob/master/install_Ipopt_CppAD.md
-
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34525916/article/details/119186692#:~:text=%E6%A6%82%E8%A7%88
-
https://coin-or.github.io/CppAD/doc/install.htm
-
Ubuntu20.04 安装 Ipopt + cppAD流程
-
coinor库的安装与问题解决
-
Undefined reference to `Ipopt::IpoptApplication::IpoptApplication(bool, bool)’
在进行cppad和ipopt的安装时,发现在按照其他博主写的博客进行安装时总是会出现各种各样他们没遇到的问题,所以这里也记录下自己成功安装的步骤。
1. Ipopt安装
这边提供3种方式进行安装,可以先尝试使用方式1,方式1不行的话尝试方式2,方式2不行最后再尝试方式3.
1. 方式1: 命令行安装
sudo apt-get install coinor-libipopt
我这边使用命令行安装时显示无法定位软件包,在更新软件源后依旧无法生效,所以这个方式我放弃了。
2. 方式2:源码安装
-
安装依赖
sudo apt-get install gcc g++ gfortran git patch wget pkg-config liblapack-dev libmetis-dev libblas-dev
-
创建一个存放所有跟
Ipopt
相关的文件夹,便于管理mkdir ~/Ipopt_pkg cd Ipopt_pkg
-
安装
ASL
git clone https://github.com/coin-or-tools/ThirdParty-ASL.git cd ThirdParty-ASL sudo ./get.ASL sudo ./configure sudo make sudo make install cd ..
-
安装
HSL
git clone https://github.com/coin-or-tools/ThirdParty-HSL.git cd ThirdParty-HSL # 接下来需要下载coinhsl文件,并解压到ThirdParty-HSL目录下
下载coinhsl文件,并解压到
ThirdParty-HSL
目录下在
ThirdParty-HSL
目录下,执行以下命令sudo ./configure sudo make sudo make install cd ..
-
安装
MUMPS
git clone https://github.com/coin-or-tools/ThirdParty-Mumps.git cd ThirdParty-Mumps sudo ./get.Mumps sudo ./configure sudo make sudo make install cd ..
-
安装
Ipopt
git clone https://github.com/coin-or/Ipopt.git cd Ipopt mkdir build cd build sudo ../configure sudo make sudo make test sudo make install
-
完善环境
cd /usr/local/include sudo cp coin-or coin -r sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libcoinmumps.so.3 /usr/lib/libcoinmumps.so.3 sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libcoinhsl.so.2 /usr/lib/libcoinhsl.so.2 sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libipopt.so.3 /usr/lib/libipopt.so.3
到这里都没有报错则安装完成。
3. 方式3:源码安装
-
首先,安装依赖
sudo apt-get install gfortran apt-get install unzip
-
下载Ipopt压缩包,并解压。
wget https://www.coin-or.org/download/source/Ipopt/Ipopt-3.12.7.zip unzip Ipopt-3.12.7.zip
在使用
wget
方式下载Ipopt压缩包时,可能因为网络原因下载不了,那么可以直接进入网址,找到Ipopt-3.12.7.zip进行手动下载即可。 -
下载并解压完成后,进入
Ipopt-3.12.7
文件夹,执行新建文件install_ipopt.sh
touch install_ipopt.sh
-
打开该文件,并写入以下内容:
# Pass the Ipopt source directory as the first argument if [ -z $1 ] then echo "Specifiy the location of the Ipopt source directory in the first argument." exit fi cd $1 prefix=/usr/local srcdir=$PWD echo "Building Ipopt from ${srcdir}" echo "Saving headers and libraries to ${prefix}" # BLAS cd $srcdir/ThirdParty/Blas ./get.Blas mkdir -p build && cd build ../configure --prefix=$prefix --disable-shared --with-pic make install # Lapack cd $srcdir/ThirdParty/Lapack ./get.Lapack mkdir -p build && cd build ../configure --prefix=$prefix --disable-shared --with-pic \ --with-blas="$prefix/lib/libcoinblas.a -lgfortran" make install # ASL cd $srcdir/ThirdParty/ASL ./get.ASL # MUMPS cd $srcdir/ThirdParty/Mumps ./get.Mumps # build everything cd $srcdir ./configure --prefix=$prefix coin_skip_warn_cxxflags=yes \ --with-blas="$prefix/lib/libcoinblas.a -lgfortran" \ --with-lapack=$prefix/lib/libcoinlapack.a make make test make -j1 install
-
给该文件添加可执行权限:
sudo chmod +x install_ipopt.sh
-
然后运行脚本:
./install_ipopt.sh Ipopt-3.12.7
运行脚本后,有可能因为网络问题运行失败,可以多尝试几次。
最后静静等待安装即可。
最终,我是使用方式2步骤进行安装的。方式3因为网络问题,比较难成功。
4. Ipopt测试
进入 IPOPT 源码文件夹如下位置,用官方例子测试
cd Ipopt/build/examples/Cpp_example
sudo make
./cpp_example
出现以下界面说明安装成功
5. 报错修复
安装完成后,有可能后期在使用阶段会编译报错:
/usr/include/coin/IpSmartPtr.hpp:19:4: error: #error "don't have header file for stddef"
需要通过以下方式解决。
打开文件
sudo gedit /usr/include/coin/IpSmartPtr.hpp
在文件的预处理部分,添加如下内容
#define HAVE_CSTDDEF // 添加部分
#ifdef HAVE_CSTDDEF
# include <cstddef>
#else
# ifdef HAVE_STDDEF_H
# include <stddef.h>
# else
# error "don't have header file for stddef"
# endif
#endif
#undef HAVE_CSTDDEF // 添加部分
2. CppAD安装
先尝试方式1,方式1不行再尝试方式2。
1. 方式1:命令行安装
一般网上已有的教程都是说直接在终端中输入以下命令安装:
sudo apt-get install cppad
但是,使用这种方式可能找不到该库。
遇到这个问题时,可以尝试切换源。切换源方式见博客。切换源后再进行更新。
sudo apt update
然后再重新尝试安装。
安装完成后如果需要卸载,则执行以下命令:
sudo apt-get remove cppad
如果上述方式无法成功安装,可采取下面源码的方式安装。
2. 方式2:源码方式安装
使用源码的方式安装。
-
下载源码:
git clone https://github.com/coin-or/CppAD.git
-
下载完成后,进入
CppAD
文件夹,然后执行以下命令:mkdir build cd build cmake .. make sudo make install
即可安装成功。
-
如果需要卸载的话,在
CppAD/build
文件夹内执行以下命令即可:sudo make uninstall
3. CppAD测试
使用以下代码测试CppAD是否安装成功。
-
CppAD_demo.cpp
文件# include <iostream> // standard input/output # include <vector> // standard vector # include <cppad/cppad.hpp> // the CppAD package namespace { // begin the empty namespace // define the function Poly(a, x) = a[0] + a[1]*x[1] + ... + a[k-1]*x[k-1] template <class Type> Type Poly(const CPPAD_TESTVECTOR(double) &a, const Type &x) { size_t k = a.size(); Type y = 0.; // initialize summation Type x_i = 1.; // initialize x^i for(size_t i = 0; i < k; i++) { y += a[i] * x_i; // y = y + a_i * x^i x_i *= x; // x_i = x_i * x } return y; } } // main program int main(void) { using CppAD::AD; // use AD as abbreviation for CppAD::AD using std::vector; // use vector as abbreviation for std::vector // vector of polynomial coefficients size_t k = 5; // number of polynomial coefficients CPPAD_TESTVECTOR(double) a(k); // vector of polynomial coefficients for(size_t i = 0; i < k; i++) a[i] = 1.; // value of polynomial coefficients // domain space vector size_t n = 1; // number of domain space variables vector< AD<double> > ax(n); // vector of domain space variables ax[0] = 3.; // value at which function is recorded // declare independent variables and start recording operation sequence CppAD::Independent(ax); // range space vector size_t m = 1; // number of ranges space variables vector< AD<double> > ay(m); // vector of ranges space variables ay[0] = Poly(a, ax[0]); // record operations that compute ay[0] // store operation sequence in f: X -> Y and stop recording CppAD::ADFun<double> f(ax, ay); // compute derivative using operation sequence stored in f vector<double> jac(m * n); // Jacobian of f (m by n matrix) vector<double> x(n); // domain space vector x[0] = 3.; // argument value for computing derivative jac = f.Jacobian(x); // Jacobian for operation sequence // print the results std::cout << "f'(3) computed by CppAD = " << jac[0] << std::endl; // check if the derivative is correct int error_code; if( jac[0] == 142. ) error_code = 0; // return code for correct case else error_code = 1; // return code for incorrect case return error_code; }
-
CMakeLists.txt
文件cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.21) project(testCPP) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14) add_executable(CppAD_demo CppAD_demo.cpp)
-
在该项目目录内执行
mkdir build cd build cmake ../ make ./CppAD_demo
输出以下信息,则CppAD安装成功
3. 测试Ipopt与CppAD是否可用
以下例子来自于博客。
1. 例子
利用CppAD与Ipopt求解以下非线性规划问题
minimize x 1 x 4 ( x 1 + x 2 + x 3 ) + x 3 s.t. x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 ≥ 25 x 1 2 + x 2 2 + x 3 2 + x 4 2 = 40 1 ≤ x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 ≤ 5 \begin{array}{cc}\operatorname{minimize} & x_1 x_4\left(x_1+x_2+x_3\right)+x_3 \\ \text { s.t. } & x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 \geq 25 \\ & x_1^2+x_2^2+x_3^2+x_4^2=40 \\ & 1 \leq x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4 \leq 5\end{array} minimize s.t. x1x4(x1+x2+x3)+x3x1x2x3x4≥25x12+x22+x32+x42=401≤x1,x2,x3,x4≤5
-
cppad_ipopt_demo.cpp
文件#include <iostream> #include <cppad/ipopt/solve.hpp> using namespace std; namespace { using CppAD::AD; class FG_eval { public: typedef CPPAD_TESTVECTOR(AD<double>) ADvector; void operator()(ADvector& fg, const ADvector& x) { assert(fg.size() == 3); assert(x.size() == 4); // variables AD<double> x1 = x[0]; AD<double> x2 = x[1]; AD<double> x3 = x[2]; AD<double> x4 = x[3]; // f(x) objective function fg[0] = x1 * x4 * (x1 + x2 + x3) + x3; // constraints fg[1] = x1 * x2 * x3 * x4; fg[2] = x1 * x1 + x2 * x2 + x3 * x3 + x4 * x4; return; } }; } bool get_started(void) { bool ok = true; size_t i; typedef CPPAD_TESTVECTOR(double) Dvector; size_t nx = 4; // number of varibles size_t ng = 2; // number of constraints Dvector x0(nx); // initial condition of varibles x0[0] = 1.0; x0[1] = 5.0; x0[2] = 5.0; x0[3] = 1.0; // lower and upper bounds for varibles Dvector xl(nx), xu(nx); for(i = 0; i < nx; i++) { xl[i] = 1.0; xu[i] = 5.0; } Dvector gl(ng), gu(ng); gl[0] = 25.0; gu[0] = 1.0e19; gl[1] = 40.0; gu[1] = 40.0; // object that computes objective and constraints FG_eval fg_eval; // options string options; // turn off any printing options += "Integer print_level 0\n"; options += "String sb yes\n"; // maximum iterations options += "Integer max_iter 10\n"; //approximate accuracy in first order necessary conditions; // see Mathematical Programming, Volume 106, Number 1, // Pages 25-57, Equation (6) options += "Numeric tol 1e-6\n"; //derivative tesing options += "String derivative_test second-order\n"; // maximum amount of random pertubation; e.g., // when evaluation finite diff options += "Numeric point_perturbation_radius 0.\n"; CppAD::ipopt::solve_result<Dvector> solution; // solution CppAD::ipopt::solve<Dvector, FG_eval>(options, x0, xl, xu, gl, gu, fg_eval, solution); // solve the problem cout<<"solution: "<<solution.x<<endl; // //check some of the solution values // ok &= solution.status == CppAD::ipopt::solve_result<Dvector>::success; // double check_x[] = {1.000000, 4.743000, 3.82115, 1.379408}; double check_zl[] = {1.087871, 0., 0., 0. }; double check_zu[] = {0., 0., 0., 0. }; double rel_tol = 1e-6; // relative tolerance double abs_tol = 1e-6; // absolute tolerance for(i = 0; i < nx; i++) { ok &= CppAD::NearEqual( check_x[i], solution.x[i], rel_tol, abs_tol); ok &= CppAD::NearEqual( check_zl[i], solution.zl[i], rel_tol, abs_tol); ok &= CppAD::NearEqual( check_zu[i], solution.zu[i], rel_tol, abs_tol); } return ok; } int main() { cout << "CppAD : Hello World Demo!" << endl; get_started(); return 0; }
-
CMakeLists.txt
文件cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.21) project(testCPP) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14) add_executable(cppad_ipopt_demo cppad_ipopt_demo.cpp) target_link_libraries(cppad_ipopt_demo ipopt)
-
在该项目目录内执行
mkdir build cd build cmake ../ make ./cppad_ipopt_demo
若输出如下信息,则说明Ipopt与CppAD安装成功。
2. 编译报错解决
1. Undefined reference to `Ipopt::IpoptApplication::IpoptApplication(bool, bool)’
这里需要注意的是,CMakeLists.txt
文件需要加入target_link_libraries(cppad_ipopt_demo ipopt)
链接,否则会报如下错误:
Undefined reference to `Ipopt::IpoptApplication::IpoptApplication(bool, bool)'
2. fatal error: coin/IpIpoptApplication.hpp: No such file or directorycompilation terminated.
若编译后报错:
fatal error: coin/IpIpoptApplication.hpp: No such file or directorycompilation terminated.
这是由缺少coin_or
库引起的,可以执行以下命令安装文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-789506.html
sudo apt install coinor-libipopt-dev
以上所有代码存于github仓库。文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-789506.html
到了这里,关于Linux | Ubuntu 20.04安装ipopt和cppAD | 安装全流程+报错解决的文章就介绍完了。如果您还想了解更多内容,请在右上角搜索TOY模板网以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章,希望大家以后多多支持TOY模板网!