laravel使用elasticsearch
laravel 中安装扩展包
composer安装elasticsearch扩展包
Elasticsearch 官方提供了 Composer 包,在引入时需要注意要指定版本,因为不同版本的 Elasticsearch 的 API 略有不同,因为我用的是 7.12.x,因此需使用 ~7.12.x 来指定包版本。
composer require elasticsearch/elasticsearch "7.12.x" --ignore-platform-reqs
laravel 配置 es
config/database.php
'elasticsearch' => [
// Elasticsearch 支持多台服务器负载均衡,因此这里是一个数组
'hosts' => explode(',',env('ES_HOSTS')),
]
.env 配置
ES_HOSTS=172.17.0.8
初始化 Elasticsearch 对象,并注入到 Laravel 容器中:
App/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
注释:在laravel容器中自定义一个名为es的服务对象,通过ESClientBuilder以及配置文件中的信息连接
到es,我们可以通过app(‘es’)->info()查看连接之后的es对象信息。
<?php
namespace App\Providers;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
use Elasticsearch\ClientBuilder as ESClientBuilder;
class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
/**
* Register any application services.
*
* @return void
*/
public function register()
{
// 注册一个名为 es 的单例
$this->app->singleton('es',function (){
// 从配置文件读取 Elasticsearch 服务器列表
$builder = ESClientBuilder::create()->setHosts(config('database.elasticsearch.hosts'));
// 如果是开发环境
if (app()->environment()==='local'){
// 配置日志,Elasticsearch 的请求和返回数据将打印到日志文件中,方便我们调试
$builder->setLogger(app('log')->driver());
}
return $builder->build();
});
}
/**
* Bootstrap any application services.
*
* @return void
*/
public function boot()
{
//
}
}
?>
注册完成后,进行测试
php artisan tinker
>>>app('es')->info();
结果如下:
创建索引
可手动通过curl请求创建
put请求
http://127.0.0.1:9200/fuva-001
PUT /products/
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name":{
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"long_name":{
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"brand_id":{
"type": "integer"
},
"category_id":{
"type":"integer"
},
"category":{
"type": "keyword"
},
"category_path":{
"type": "keyword"
},
"shop_id":{
"type":"integer"
},
"price":{
"type":"scaled_float",
"scaling_factor":100
},
"sold_count":{
"type":"integer"
},
"review_count":{
"type":"integer"
},
"status":{
"type":"integer"
},
"create_time" : {
"type" : "date"
},
"last_time" : {
"type" : "date"
},
"skus":{
"type": "nested",
"properties": {
"name":{
"type":"text",
"analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"price":{
"type":"scaled_float",
"scaling_factor":100
}
}
},
"attributes":{
"type": "nested",
"properties": {
"name": { "type": "keyword" },
"value": { "type": "keyword"}
}
}
}
}
}
laravel中使用es
通过laravel把数据从mysql同步到es中
这里只是演示如何把数据从mysql同步进入es中
在之前的logstash操作中,通过jdbc的方式从mysql同步数据到es中,这次试用laravel的方式同步数据到es中
1 . 创建索引
注:这里存在一个 时间字段 create_time 格式为 date 的问题,laravel从mysql获取到的时间格式插入到es中会出现无法解析的情况,需要对时间格式进行 “format”: “yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis” 的操作
PUT /test/
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"id":{
"type": "integer"
},
"name":{
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"long_name":{
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"brand_id":{
"type": "integer"
},
"shop_id":{
"type":"integer"
},
"price":{
"type":"scaled_float",
"scaling_factor":100
},
"sold_count":{
"type":"integer"
},
"review_count":{
"type":"integer"
},
"status":{
"type":"integer"
},
"create_time" : {
"type" : "date",
"format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
},
"last_time" : {
"type" : "date",
"format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
},
"skus":{
"type": "nested",
"properties": {
"name":{
"type":"text",
"analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"price":{
"type":"scaled_float",
"scaling_factor":100
}
}
},
"attributes":{
"type": "nested",
"properties": {
"name": { "type": "keyword" },
"value": { "type": "keyword"}
}
}
}
}
}
2 . 创建代码脚本
php artisan make:command Elasticsearch/SyncProducts
app/Console/Commands/Elasticsearch/SyncProducts.php
<?php
namespace App\Console\Commands\Elasticsearch;
use App\Models\Product;
use Illuminate\Console\Command;
class SyncProducts extends Command
{
/**
* The name and signature of the console command.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $signature = 'es:sync-products';
/**
* The console command description.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $description = '将商品数据同步到 Elasticsearch';
/**
* Create a new command instance.
*
* @return void
*/
public function __construct()
{
parent::__construct();
}
/**
* Execute the console command.
*
* @return mixed
*/
public function handle()
{
// 获取 Elasticsearch 对象
$es = app('es');
$sql = 'id,name,long_name,brand_id,three_category_id,shop_id,price,sold_count,review_count,status,create_time,last_time';
Product::query()
->selectRaw($sql)
// 使用 chunkById 避免一次性加载过多数据
->chunkById(100, function ($products) use ($es) {
$this->info(sprintf('正在同步 ID 范围为 %s 至 %s 的商品', $products->first()->id, $products->last()->id));
// 初始化请求体
$req = ['body' => []];
// 遍历商品
foreach ($products as $product) {
// 将商品模型转为 Elasticsearch 所用的数组
$data = $product->toESArray($product->id,$product->three_category_id);
$req['body'][] = [
'index' => [
'_index' => 'test',
'_id' => $data['id'],
],
];
$req['body'][] = $data;
}
try {
// 使用 bulk 方法批量创建
$es->bulk($req);
} catch (\Exception $e) {
$this->info($e->getMessage());
}
});
$this->info('同步完成');
}
}
3 . 创建Product的Model Product.php、进行数据过滤
<?php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Product extends Model
{
public $table = "products";
/**
* 格式化为es的数据
* @param $product_id
* @param $category_id
* @return array
*/
public function toESArray($product_id,$category_id)
{
// 只取出需要的字段
$arr = Arr::only($this->toArray(), [
'id',
'name',
'long_name',
'brand_id',
'shop_id',
'price',
'sold_count',
'review_count',
'status',
'create_time',
'last_time'
]);
$productSkus = ProductSkus::query()->selectRaw('name,price')->where('product_id',$product_id)->get()->toArray();
// skus在索引中是一个二维数组, 这里只取出需要的 SKU 字段
$arr['skus'] = $productSkus;
$sql = "lmrs_at.name as name,lmrs_at_val.name as value";
$attributes = Attributes::query()->selectRaw($sql)
->from('attributes as at')
->leftJoin('attribute_values as at_val','at.id','at_val.attribute_id')
->where('at.category_id',$category_id)
->get()->toArray();
// attributes 在索引中是一个二维数组, 这里只取出需要的商品属性字段
$arr['attributes'] = $attributes;
return $arr;
}
}
我们在写入商品数据的时候用的是 bulk() 方法,这是 Elasticsearch 提供的一个批量操作接口。设想一下假如我们系统里有数百万条商品,如果每条商品都单独请求一次 Elasticsearch 的 API,那就是数百万次的请求,性能肯定是很差的,而 bulk() 方法可以让我们用一次 API 请求完成一批操作,从而减少请求次数的数量级,提高整体性能。
4 . 运行脚本
php artisan es:sync-products
插入数据后
laravel中es的查询操作
1 . 添加工具类 PublicService.php
<?php
namespace App\Services;
use App\Models\ProductCategory;
class PublicService
{
/**
* 多维数组转换一维数组
* @param $input
* @param $flatten
* @return array
*/
public static function getDataByEs($input){
$total = $input['hits']['total']['value'];
$input = $input['hits']['hits'];
$data = collect($input)->pluck('_source');
return [$data,$total];
}
/**
* 获取分类信息
* @param $category
* @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder|\Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model|object|null
*/
public static function category($category){
$category_array = explode(',',$category);
$category_id = array_pop($category_array);
return ProductCategory::query()->where('id',$category_id)->first();
}
}
2 . 封装一个用于商品搜索的 ElasticSeachService.php
<?php
namespace App\Services;
class ElasticsearchService
{
/**
* 搜索结构体
* @var array
*/
protected $params = [
'type' => '_doc',
'body' => [
'query' => [
'bool' => [
'filter'=> [],
'must' => []
]
]
]
];
/**
* 通过构造函数进行索引初始化
* ElasticsearchService constructor.
* @param $index
*/
public function __construct($index)
{
//要搜索的索引名称
$this->params['index'] = $index;
return $this;
}
/**
* 根据字段-条件搜索
* @param $type .搜索类型:term精准搜索,match分词器模糊查询,prefix字段前缀
* @param $key .搜索的字段名称
* @param $value.搜索字段值
* @return $this
*/
public function queryByFilter($type,$key,$value){
$this->params['body']['query']['bool']['filter'][] = [$type => [$key => $value]];
return $this;
}
/**
* 关键词按照权重进行搜索
* @param $keyWords
* @return $this
*/
public function keyWords($keyWords){
//如果不是数据则转换为数组
$keyWords = is_array($keyWords) ? $keyWords : [$keyWords];
foreach ($keyWords as $key => $value){
$this->queryByMust($value);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* 根据权重进行多字段搜索
* @param $seach 搜索的值
* @return $this
*/
public function queryByMust($seach){
$this->params['body']['query']['bool']['must'][] = ['multi_match' => [
'query' => $seach,
'fields'=> ['long_name^3','category^2']
]];
return $this;
}
/**
* 获取指定字段
* @param $keyWords 一维数组
* @return $this
*/
public function source($keyWords){
$keyWords = is_array($keyWords) ? $keyWords : [$keyWords];
$this->params['body']['_source'] = $keyWords;
return $this;
}
/**
* 设置分页
* @param $page
* @param $pageSize
* @return $this
*/
public function paginate($page,$pageSize){
$this->params['body']['from'] = ($page - 1) * $pageSize;
$this->params['body']['size'] = $pageSize;
return $this;
}
/**
* 排序
* @param $filed .排序字段
* @param $direction .排序值
* @return $this
*/
public function orderBy($filed,$direction){
if(!isset($this->params['body']['sort'])){
$this->params['body']['sort'] = [];
}
$this->params['body']['sort'][] = [$filed => $direction];
return $this;
}
/**
* 聚合查询 商品属性筛选的条件
* @param $name 属性名称
* @param $value 属性值
* @return $this
*/
public function attributeFilter($name,$value){
//attributes 为 索引中的 attributes 字段
$this->params['body']['query']['bool']['filter'] = [
'nested' => [
'path' => 'attributes',
'query' => [
'bool' => [
'must' => [
[
'term' => [
'attributes.name' => $name
]
],[
'term' => [
'attributes.value' => $value
]
]
]
]
]
]
];
return $this;
}
/**
* 聚合查询(方式2) 商品属性筛选的条件
* @param $name
* @param $value
* @return $this
*/
/*public function attributeFilter($name,$value){
$this->params['body']['query']['bool']['filter'][] = [
'nested' => [
'path' => 'attributes',
'query' => [
['term' => ['attributes.name' => $name]],
['term' => ['attributes.value' => $value]]
],
],
];
return $this;
}*/
/**
* 返回结构体
* @return array
*/
public function getParams()
{
return $this->params;
}
/**
* 多维数组转换一维数组
* @param $input
* @param $flatten
* @return array
*/
public static function getDataByEs($input){
$total = $input['hits']['total']['value'];
$input = $input['hits']['hits'];
$data = collect($input)->pluck('_source');
return [$data,$total];
}
}
3 . 创建控制器,在控制器中调用 ProductController.php
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api\V1;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Product;
use App\Models\ProductSkus;
use App\Services\PublicService;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Controllers\ApiResponse;
use App\Services\ElasticsearchService;
class ProductController extends Controller
{
use ApiResponse;
/**
* 商品首页信息
* @param Request $request
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function index(Request $request){
try{
$page = $request->input('page');
if(!$page) return $this->failed('页数不能为空');
$search = $request->input('search');
$order = $request->input('order');
$attributes = $request->input("attributes");
$category_id = $request->input('category_id');
$shop_id = $request->input('shop_id',1);
$pageSize = $request->input('pageSize',20);
$esService = new ElasticsearchService('products');
//封装es类,增加商品状态为上架条件的分页查询结构
$builder = $esService->queryByFilter('term','shop_id',$shop_id)->paginate($page,$pageSize);
//分类搜索
if ($category_id){
//获取分类信息
$category = PublicService::category($category_id);
//根据字段-条件搜索
if($category && $category->is_directory){
$builder->queryByFilter('prefix','category_path',$category->path.$category->id.'-');
}else{
$builder->queryByFilter('term','category_id',$category->id);
}
}
//关键词按照权重进行搜索
if($search){
$keywords = array_filter(explode(' ',$search));
$builder->keyWords($keywords);
}
//排序
if($order){
if (preg_match('/^(.+)_(asc|desc)$/',$order,$m)){
//只有当前三个字段才可以进行排序搜索
if (in_array($m[1],['price','sold_count','review_count'])){
$builder->orderBy($m[1],$m[2]);
}
}
}
$attributeFilter = [];
//根据商品类型搜索
if($attributes){
$attrArray = explode("|",$attributes);
foreach ($attrArray as $attr){
list($name,$value) = explode(":",$attr);
$attributeFilter[$name] = $value;
$builder->attributeFilter($name,$value);
}
}
//获取的字段
$builder->source(['id','name','long_name','shop_id','skus','attributes','create_time']);
//执行es搜索
$restful = app('es')->search($builder->getParams());
//多维数组转换一维数组
list($data,$total) = $builder->getDataByEs($restful);
return $this->success(compact('data','total','page'));
}catch (\Exception $e){
return $this->failed($e->getMessage().':'.$e->getLine());
}
}
/**
* 获取商品详情信息
* @param Request $request
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function productInfo(Request $request){
try{
$product_id = $request->input('product_id');
if(!$product_id) return $this->failed('缺少商品id');
//通过id从es中获取数据
$es = new ElasticsearchService('products');
$builder = $es->queryByFilter('term','status',1)->queryByFilter('term','id',$product_id);
$builder->source(['id','name','long_name','shop_id','create_time']);
$restful = app('es')->search($builder->getParams());
list($data,$total) = $es->getDataByEs($restful);
return $this->success(compact('data','total'));
}catch (\Exception $e){
return $this->failed($e->getMessage());
}
}
/**
* 创建数据
* @param Request $request
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function createProduct(Request $request){
try{
$input = $request->all();
$shop_id = $input['shop_id'];
$input['one_category_id'] = 425;
$input['two_category_id'] = 438;
$input['three_category_id'] = 440;
$info = Product::query()->create($input);
$id = $info->id;
$sql = 'product_id,attribute_id,name,num,price,status,shop_id';
$skus = ProductSkus::query()->selectRaw($sql)->where('product_id',18)
->get()->each(function ($query) use ($id,$shop_id){
$query->product_id = $id;
$query->shop_id = $shop_id;
});
$skus = $skus->toArray();
//添加新属性
ProductSkus::query()->insert($skus);
//格式化为es的数据
$esArray = $info->toESArray($info->id,$info->three_category_id);
//对于es来说,已有数据,则是编辑,没有则是新增
app('es')->index(['id' => $esArray['id'], 'index' => 'test', 'body' => $esArray]);
return $this->success('添加成功成功');
}catch (\Exception $e){
return $this->failed($e->getMessage());
}
}
/**
* 修改商品信息
* @param Request $request
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function editProductInfo(Request $request){
try{
$product_id = $request->input('product_id');
if(!$product_id) return $this->failed('缺少商品id');
$name = $request->input('name');
$long_name = $request->input('long_name');
$price = $request->input('price');
$sql = 'id,name,long_name,brand_id,shop_id,price,sold_count,review_count,status,create_time,last_time,three_category_id';
$info = Product::query()->selectRaw($sql)->where('id',$product_id)->first();
if(!$info) return $this->failed('暂无当前商品信息');
//先修改mysql中的数据,在把数据同步到es中:如果有用logstash,则无需次操作,logstash会自动同步数据到es中
$info->name = $name;
$info->long_name = $long_name;
$info->price = $price;
$info->save();
//格式化为es的数据
$esArray = $info->toESArray($info->id,$info->three_category_id);
//对于es来说,已有数据,则是编辑,没有则是新增
app('es')->index(['id' => $esArray['id'], 'index' => 'test', 'body' => $esArray]);
return $this->success('编辑成功');
}catch (\Exception $e){
return $this->failed($e->getMessage());
}
}
}
4 . 问题:laravel数据修改后对es数据影响的问题
在es中不能单独修改一个字段的数据,需要整条数据修改,因为es中无法修改一个字段的信息数据,es会删除掉原有的数据,重新生成只有修改时录入的数据。
解决方案: 在修改完数据库的数据后,需要重新生成当前es所需要的数据(在Model中封装好的toESArray方法),然后重新写入,或者通过第三方数据监听,如(go-mysql-es 、logstash) 实时监听并同步修改数据。
.
.
.
$esArray = Product::find($product_id)->toESArray();
//对于es来说,已有数据,则是编辑,没有则是新增
app('es')->index(['id' => $arr['id'], 'index' => 'test', 'body' => $esArray]);
.
.
.
es 录入的 $arr 数据格式为:
array:13 [
"id" => 1
"name" => "HUAWEI Mate Book 11"
"long_name" => "HUAWEI Mate Book 11 16GB 512GB 触屏 集显"
"brand_id" => 11
"shop_id" => 1
"price" => "5299.00"
"sold_count" => 111
"review_count" => 1111
"status" => 2
"create_time" => "2021-05-25 15:12:09"
"last_time" => "2021-05-25 15:12:14"
"skus" => array:6 [
0 => array:2 [
"name" => "皓月银 I5/16GB/512GB 触屏 集成显卡 官方标配"
"price" => "6299.00"
]
1 => array:2 [
"name" => "皓月银 I7/16GB/512GB 触屏 集成显卡 官方标配"
"price" => "6599.00"
]
]
"attributes" => array:12 [
0 => array:2 [
"name" => "颜色"
"value" => "星际蓝"
]
1 => array:2 [
"name" => "颜色"
"value" => "冰霜银"
]
]
]
文档来源:laravel使用elasticsearch_Dear-xq的博客-CSDN博客文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-794931.html
附录:elasticsearch介绍及索引、文档、映射操作文档文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-794931.html
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