概述
Stream.map()
是Stream最常用的一个转换方法,它把一个Stream
转换为另一个Stream
map()
方法用于将一个Stream
的每个元素映射成另一个元素并转换成一个新的Stream
;
可以将一种元素类型转换成另一种元素类型。
/**
* Returns a stream consisting of the results of applying the given
* function to the elements of this stream.
*
* <p>This is an <a href="package-summary.html#StreamOps">intermediate
* operation</a>.
*
* @param <R> The element type of the new stream
* @param mapper a <a href="package-summary.html#NonInterference">non-interfering</a>,
* <a href="package-summary.html#Statelessness">stateless</a>
* function to apply to each element
* @return the new stream
*/
<R> Stream<R> map(Function<? super T, ? extends R> mapper);
map()
方法接收的对象是Function
接口对象,它定义了一个apply()
方法,负责把一个T
类型转换成R
类型。
其中,Function的定义为文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-799417.html
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Function<T, R> {
/**
* Applies this function to the given argument.
*
* @param t the function argument
* @return the function result
*/
R apply(T t); // 将T类型转换为R:
....
....
....
}
Case 1 : A List of Strings to Uppercase
/**
* A List of Strings to Uppercase
*/
public static void StringsListToUppercase() {
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c", "d");
// before java 8
List<String> newList = new ArrayList<>();
for (String str : list) {
newList.add(str.toUpperCase());
}
System.out.println(newList);
// java 8
List<String> collect = list.stream().map(String::toUpperCase).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(collect);
// Extra, streams apply to any data type.
List<Integer> integers = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4);
List<Integer> collect1 = integers.stream().map(t -> t * 2).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(collect1);
}
Case 2 : List of objects -> List of String
/**
* List of objects -> List of String
*/
public static void objectsListToStringList() {
List<Artisan> artisanList = Arrays.asList(
new Artisan("小A", 18, new BigDecimal(100)),
new Artisan("小B", 19, new BigDecimal(200)),
new Artisan("小C", 20, new BigDecimal(300)));
// Before Java 8
List<String> nameList = new ArrayList<>();
for (Artisan artisan : artisanList) {
nameList.add(artisan.getName());
}
log.info(nameList.toString());
// Java 8
List<String> collect = artisanList.stream().map(Artisan::getName).collect(Collectors.toList());
log.info(collect.toString());
}
Case 3 : List of objects -> List of other objects
/**
* List of objects -> List of other objects
*/
public static void objectsListToOtherObjectsList() {
List<Artisan> artisanList = Arrays.asList(
new Artisan("小A", 18, new BigDecimal(100)),
new Artisan("小B", 19, new BigDecimal(200)),
new Artisan("小C", 20, new BigDecimal(300)));
// Before Java 8
List<ArtisanOther> convert2OtherList = new ArrayList<>();
for (Artisan artisan : artisanList) {
ArtisanOther artisanOther = new ArtisanOther();
artisanOther.setAge(artisan.getAge());
artisanOther.setName(artisan.getName());
if ("小C".equals(artisan.getName())) {
artisanOther.setOtherInfo("Only For 小C");
}
convert2OtherList.add(artisanOther);
}
log.info(convert2OtherList.toString());
// Java 8
artisanList.stream().map(artisan -> {
ArtisanOther artisanOther = new ArtisanOther();
artisanOther.setAge(artisan.getAge());
artisanOther.setName(artisan.getName());
if ("小C".equals(artisan.getName())) {
artisanOther.setOtherInfo("Only For 小C");
}
return artisanOther;
}).collect(Collectors.toList());
log.info(convert2OtherList.toString());
}
Test
public static void main(String[] args) {
// A List of Strings to Uppercase
StringsListToUppercase();
// List of objects -> List of String
objectsListToStringList();
// List of objects -> List of other objects
objectsListToOtherObjectsList();
}
// 俩内部类
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
static class Artisan {
private String name;
private int age;
private BigDecimal salary;
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
static class ArtisanOther {
private String name;
private int age;
private String otherInfo;
}
[A, B, C, D]
[A, B, C, D]
[2, 4, 6, 8]
21:57:13.914 [main] INFO com.artisan.java8.stream2.StreamMap - [小A, 小B, 小C]
21:57:13.918 [main] INFO com.artisan.java8.stream2.StreamMap - [小A, 小B, 小C]
21:57:13.919 [main] INFO com.artisan.java8.stream2.StreamMap - [StreamMap.ArtisanOther(name=小A, age=18, otherInfo=null), StreamMap.ArtisanOther(name=小B, age=19, otherInfo=null), StreamMap.ArtisanOther(name=小C, age=20, otherInfo=Only For 小C)]
21:57:13.920 [main] INFO com.artisan.java8.stream2.StreamMap - [StreamMap.ArtisanOther(name=小A, age=18, otherInfo=null), StreamMap.ArtisanOther(name=小B, age=19, otherInfo=null), StreamMap.ArtisanOther(name=小C, age=20, otherInfo=Only For 小C)]
文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-799417.html
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