【rust/bevy】从game template开始

说在前面

• 操作系统：win11
• rust版本：rustc 1.77.0-nightly
• bevy版本：0.12

步骤

• rust安装
  这里
  windows下建议使用msvc版本
• bevy安装
  这里
• clone代码

  git clone https://github.com/NiklasEi/bevy_game_template.git
  

• 运行

  cargo run
  

• 结果
  

进入3D

• template中的例子是2d的，我们稍微修改下
• 首先增加一个CameraController，代码在bevy的例程中也可以找到

  //! A freecam-style camera controller plugin.
  //! To use in your own application:
  //! - Copy the code for the [`CameraControllerPlugin`] and add the plugin to your App.
  //! - Attach the [`CameraController`] component to an entity with a [`Camera3dBundle`].
  
  use bevy::window::CursorGrabMode;
  use bevy::{input::mouse::MouseMotion, prelude::*};
  
  use std::f32::consts::*;
  use std::fmt;
  
  /// Based on Valorant's default sensitivity, not entirely sure why it is exactly 1.0 / 180.0,
  /// but I'm guessing it is a misunderstanding between degrees/radians and then sticking with
  /// it because it felt nice.
  pub const RADIANS_PER_DOT: f32 = 1.0 / 180.0;
  
  #[derive(Component)]
  pub struct CameraController {
      pub enabled: bool,
      pub initialized: bool,
      pub sensitivity: f32,
      pub key_forward: KeyCode,
      pub key_back: KeyCode,
      pub key_left: KeyCode,
      pub key_right: KeyCode,
      pub key_up: KeyCode,
      pub key_down: KeyCode,
      pub key_run: KeyCode,
      pub mouse_key_enable_mouse: MouseButton,
      pub keyboard_key_enable_mouse: KeyCode,
      pub walk_speed: f32,
      pub run_speed: f32,
      pub friction: f32,
      pub pitch: f32,
      pub yaw: f32,
      pub velocity: Vec3,
  }
  
  impl Default for CameraController {
      fn default() -> Self {
          Self {
              enabled: true,
              initialized: false,
              sensitivity: 1.0,
              key_forward: KeyCode::W,
              key_back: KeyCode::S,
              key_left: KeyCode::A,
              key_right: KeyCode::D,
              key_up: KeyCode::E,
              key_down: KeyCode::Q,
              key_run: KeyCode::ShiftLeft,
              mouse_key_enable_mouse: MouseButton::Left,
              keyboard_key_enable_mouse: KeyCode::M,
              walk_speed: 5.0,
              run_speed: 15.0,
              friction: 0.5,
              pitch: 0.0,
              yaw: 0.0,
              velocity: Vec3::ZERO,
          }
      }
  }
  
  impl fmt::Display for CameraController {
      fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
          write!(
              f,
              "
  Freecam Controls:
      MOUSE\t- Move camera orientation
      {:?}/{:?}\t- Enable mouse movement
      {:?}{:?}\t- forward/backward
      {:?}{:?}\t- strafe left/right
      {:?}\t- 'run'
      {:?}\t- up
      {:?}\t- down",
              self.mouse_key_enable_mouse,
              self.keyboard_key_enable_mouse,
              self.key_forward,
              self.key_back,
              self.key_left,
              self.key_right,
              self.key_run,
              self.key_up,
              self.key_down
          )
      }
  }
  
  pub struct CameraControllerPlugin;
  
  impl Plugin for CameraControllerPlugin {
      fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
          app.add_systems(Update, camera_controller);
      }
  }
  
  fn camera_controller(
      time: Res<Time>,
      mut windows: Query<&mut Window>,
      mut mouse_events: EventReader<MouseMotion>,
      mouse_button_input: Res<Input<MouseButton>>,
      key_input: Res<Input<KeyCode>>,
      mut move_toggled: Local<bool>,
      mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut CameraController), With<Camera>>,
  ) {
      let dt = time.delta_seconds();
  
      if let Ok((mut transform, mut options)) = query.get_single_mut() {
          if !options.initialized {
              let (yaw, pitch, _roll) = transform.rotation.to_euler(EulerRot::YXZ);
              options.yaw = yaw;
              options.pitch = pitch;
              options.initialized = true;
          }
          if !options.enabled {
              return;
          }
  
          // Handle key input
          let mut axis_input = Vec3::ZERO;
          if key_input.pressed(options.key_forward) {
              axis_input.z += 1.0;
          }
          if key_input.pressed(options.key_back) {
              axis_input.z -= 1.0;
          }
          if key_input.pressed(options.key_right) {
              axis_input.x += 1.0;
          }
          if key_input.pressed(options.key_left) {
              axis_input.x -= 1.0;
          }
          if key_input.pressed(options.key_up) {
              axis_input.y += 1.0;
          }
          if key_input.pressed(options.key_down) {
              axis_input.y -= 1.0;
          }
          if key_input.just_pressed(options.keyboard_key_enable_mouse) {
              *move_toggled = !*move_toggled;
          }
  
          // Apply movement update
          if axis_input != Vec3::ZERO {
              let max_speed = if key_input.pressed(options.key_run) {
                  options.run_speed
              } else {
                  options.walk_speed
              };
              options.velocity = axis_input.normalize() * max_speed;
          } else {
              let friction = options.friction.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
              options.velocity *= 1.0 - friction;
              if options.velocity.length_squared() < 1e-6 {
                  options.velocity = Vec3::ZERO;
              }
          }
          let forward = transform.forward();
          let right = transform.right();
          transform.translation += options.velocity.x * dt * right
              + options.velocity.y * dt * Vec3::Y
              + options.velocity.z * dt * forward;
  
          // Handle mouse input
          let mut mouse_delta = Vec2::ZERO;
          if mouse_button_input.pressed(options.mouse_key_enable_mouse) || *move_toggled {
              for mut window in &mut windows {
                  if !window.focused {
                      continue;
                  }
  
                  window.cursor.grab_mode = CursorGrabMode::Locked;
                  window.cursor.visible = false;
              }
  
              for mouse_event in mouse_events.read() {
                  mouse_delta += mouse_event.delta;
              }
          }
          if mouse_button_input.just_released(options.mouse_key_enable_mouse) {
              for mut window in &mut windows {
                  window.cursor.grab_mode = CursorGrabMode::None;
                  window.cursor.visible = true;
              }
          }
  
          if mouse_delta != Vec2::ZERO {
              // Apply look update
              options.pitch = (options.pitch - mouse_delta.y * RADIANS_PER_DOT * options.sensitivity)
                  .clamp(-PI / 2., PI / 2.);
              options.yaw -= mouse_delta.x * RADIANS_PER_DOT * options.sensitivity;
              transform.rotation = Quat::from_euler(EulerRot::ZYX, 0.0, options.yaw, options.pitch);
          }
      }
  }
  

• 再添加一个SceneSetup，用于初始化场景和相机

  use bevy::prelude::*;
  use bevy::app::{Plugin, App, Startup};
  
  use crate::camera::CameraController;
  
  pub struct SceneSetupPlugin;
  
  impl Plugin for SceneSetupPlugin {
      fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
          app.add_systems(Startup, setup);
      }
  }
  
  /// set up a simple 3D scene
  fn setup(
      mut commands: Commands,
      mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
      mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
  ) {
      // circular base
      commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
          mesh: meshes.add(shape::Circle::new(4.0).into()),
          material: materials.add(Color::WHITE.into()),
          transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2)),
          ..default()
      });
      // cube
      commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
          mesh: meshes.add(Mesh::from(shape::Cube { size: 1.0 })),
          material: materials.add(Color::rgb_u8(124, 144, 255).into()),
          transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.5, 0.0),
          ..default()
      });
      // light
      commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
          point_light: PointLight {
              intensity: 1500.0,
              shadows_enabled: true,
              ..default()
          },
          transform: Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 8.0, 4.0),
          ..default()
      });
      let camera_controller = CameraController::default();
      // camera
      commands.spawn((Camera3dBundle {
          transform: Transform::from_xyz(-2.5, 4.5, 9.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
          ..default()
      },camera_controller));
  }
  

• 将GamePlugin中的代码修改下进行测试

  impl Plugin for GamePlugin {
      fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
          app.add_state::<GameState>().add_plugins((
              // LoadingPlugin,
              // MenuPlugin,
              SceneSetupPlugin,
              // ActionsPlugin,
              // InternalAudioPlugin,
              // PlayerPlugin,
              CameraControllerPlugin
          ));
  
          #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
          {
              app.add_plugins((FrameTimeDiagnosticsPlugin, LogDiagnosticsPlugin::default()));
          }
      }
  }
  

• 结果
  

控制方块

• 上面的测试中我们将游戏流程注释掉了，现在我们尝试加回来，并将方块作为我们的Player
• 首先将player设置为方块（不要忘记将上面场景中的方块去掉）

  fn spawn_player(mut commands: Commands, 
      mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
      mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>) {
      commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
          mesh: meshes.add(Mesh::from(shape::Cube { size: 1.0 })),
          material: materials.add(Color::rgb_u8(124, 144, 255).into()),
          transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 1., 0.0),
          ..default()
      })
      .insert(Player);
  }
  

• 然后将actions中的相机改为3d

  pub fn set_movement_actions(
      mut actions: ResMut<Actions>,
      keyboard_input: Res<Input<KeyCode>>,
      touch_input: Res<Touches>,
      player: Query<&Transform, With<Player>>,
      camera: Query<(&Camera, &GlobalTransform), With<Camera3d>>,
  ) {
      // ...
  }
  

• 然后我们先去掉menu中的相机

  fn setup_menu(mut commands: Commands, textures: Res<TextureAssets>) {
      info!("menu");
      // commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());
      // ...
  

• 结果(将move_player中的速度调低点)
  
• 不过这里我们的ui和场景显示到一块了，后面再看看怎么处理

问题

• note: LINK : fatal error LNK1189: 超过 65535 对象的库限制
  参考这个解决

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