一、Protocol buffers 是什么?
Protocol buffers are Google’s language-neutral, platform-neutral, extensible mechanism for serializing structured data – think XML, but smaller, faster, and simpler. You define how you want your data to be structured once, then you can use special generated source code to easily write and read your structured data to and from a variety of data streams and using a variety of languages.
Protocol buffers 是 Google 的语言中立、平台中立、可扩展的序列化结构化数据机制 - 类似于 XML,但更小、更快、更简单。您只需定义一次数据的结构化方式,然后就可以使用特殊生成的源代码,使用各种语言轻松地在各种数据流中写入和读取结构化数据。
优点是更小更快;且对于数据扩展兼容性好,因为新增数据字段不影响旧字段解析;语义清晰且学习门槛低;
如果想详细了解可戳这:protobuf.dev
二、怎么使用
这里先介绍如何将.proto文件转换成.pbobjc.h和.pbobjc.m文件,然后导入到项目中,并实现pbData转pbModel,pbModel转pbData
Protocol buffers 开源并托管在Github,详见https://github.com/google/protobuf/
google提供了pb转oc的方法,但是没有提供swift的,apple这里做了swift的使用,详见https://github.com/apple/swift-protobuf
切记一定要安装3.0以上的版本,才支持OC,而且功能更好用;
推荐使用Homebrew来安装:
brew install automake
brew install libtool
brew install protobuf
安装后check一下,可输出当前安装版本
protoc --version
准备好这些后,
- 集成集成protobuf库
pod 'Protobuf'
- 将.proto文件转换成.pbobjc.h和.pbobjc.m文件
先cd到.proto文件所在目录,然后执行如下操作,会在同级目录里生成.pbobjc.h和.pbobjc.m文件;
protoc --proto_path=. --objc_out=. xxxx.proto
注意: 这里生成的.pbobjc.h和.pbobjc.m文件无法直接导入项目中使用,你会发现文件中一堆MRC的代码;
参考如下:iOS 组件中设置文件支持MRC
至此,项目build是可以success的,接下来是如何使用
- pbModel转pbData
pb提供了一个data方法,可将使用上面步骤导入项目的pbobjc类也可以理解成model类转换成data
/**
* Serializes the message to an NSData.
*
* If there is an error while generating the data, nil is returned.
*
* @note This value is not cached, so if you are using it repeatedly, cache
* it yourself.
*
* @note In DEBUG ONLY, the message is also checked for all required field,
* if one is missing, nil will be returned.
*
* @return The binary representation of the message.
**/
- (nullable NSData *)data;
如下示例,xxpbModel就是代表一个pbobjc类
NSData *pbData = [xxpbModel data];
- pbData转pbModel
pb提供了一个init方法来将一个data映射成pbobjc类文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-804183.html
/**
* Initializes an instance by parsing the data. This method should be sent to
* the generated message class that the data should be interpreted as. If
* there is an error the method returns nil and the error is returned in
* errorPtr (when provided).
*
* @note In DEBUG builds, the parsed message is checked to be sure all required
* fields were provided, and the parse will fail if some are missing.
*
* @note The errors returned are likely coming from the domain and codes listed
* at the top of this file and GPBCodedInputStream.h.
*
* @param data The data to parse.
* @param errorPtr An optional error pointer to fill in with a failure reason if
* the data can not be parsed.
*
* @return An initialized instance of the generated class.
**/
- (nullable instancetype)initWithData:(NSData *)data
error:(NSError **)errorPtr;
如下示例,生成一个pbobjc类对象或者说一个pbModel
XXPbModel 是一个pbobjc类名文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-804183.html
NSError *error;
XXPbModel *pbModel = [[XXPbModel alloc] initWithData:data error:&error];
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