CAP 定理（CAP theorem）又被称作布鲁尔定理（Brewer’s theorem），是加州大学伯克利分校的计算机科学家埃里克·布鲁尔（Eric Brewer）在 2000 年的 ACM PODC 上提出的一个猜想。2002 年，麻省理工学院的赛斯·吉尔伯特（Seth Gilbert）和南希·林奇（Nancy Lynch）发表了布鲁尔猜想的证明，使之成为分布式计算领域公认的一个定理。对于设计分布式系统的架构师来说，CAP 是必须掌握的理论。
布鲁尔在提出 CAP 猜想的时候，并没有详细定义 Consistency、Availability、Partition Tolerance 三个单词的明确定义，因此如果初学者去查询 CAP 定义的时候会感到比较困惑，因为不同的资料对 CAP 的详细定义有一些细微的差别，例如：
Consistency: where all nodes see the same data at the same time.
Availability: which guarantees that every request receives a response about whether it succeeded or failed.
Partition tolerance: where the system continues to operate even if any one part of the system is lost or fails.
(https://console.bluemix.net/docs/services/Cloudant/guides/cap_theorem.html#cap-)
Consistency: Every read receives the most recent write or an error.
Availability: Every request receives a (non-error) response – without guarantee that it contains the most recent write.
Partition tolerance: The system continues to operate despite an arbitrary number of messages being dropped (or delayed) by the network between nodes.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAP_theorem#cite_note-Brewer2012-6)
Consistency: all nodes have access to the same data simultaneously.文章来源：https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-824312.html
Availability: a promise that文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-824312.html
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