磁盘database数据恢复: ddrescue，dd和Android 设备的数据拷贝

ddrescue和dd

区别：

• GNU ddrescue 不是 dd 的衍生物，也与 dd 没有任何关系 除了两者都可用于将数据从一台设备复制到另一台设备。 关键的区别在于 ddrescue 使用复杂的算法来复制 来自故障驱动器的数据，尽可能少地造成额外的损坏。
• ddrescue具备更强大的错误处理和恢复机制，可以更好地处理损坏的数据。
• ddrescue可以逐渐恢复数据，首先尝试读取易读的部分，然后再处理更难访问的区域。
• dd是一个基础的命令，用于一般的数据复制任务，而ddrescue专注于数据恢复，因此在某些方面更复杂。
• 如果你的任务是简单的数据复制，可能选择dd足够了。但如果你处理的是受损的硬盘或需要更复杂的数据恢复操作，ddrescue可能更适合。

dd命令：

• dd是一个用于复制文件和设备的基本命令。它以块为单位操作数据，可以用于复制整个磁盘、分区或文件。dd对于数据恢复来说非常基础，它简单粗暴，没有内建的错误处理机制。dd命令是一种直接复制和写入数据的工具，而不会考虑目标设备上是否已有数据。因此，在执行这个命令之前，请确保 /dev/sdb 上的所有数据都是你可以丢弃的，或者在执行之前进行备份。

• linux下dd命令的简单图形界面工具easydd

ddrescue命令：

• ddrescue是专门设计用于数据恢复的命令。它被设计成能够处理磁盘上的坏块（损坏的数据区域）并尽量从损坏的地方恢复尽可能多的数据。ddrescue会首先尝试读取易读的部分，然后在后续尝试中逐渐尝试读取更难访问的区域。

Android 设备

• Android 调试桥（Android Debug Bridge，简称 adb）是一种用于在计算机和 Android 设备之间进行通信的命令行工具。它允许开发者通过 USB 或网络连接在计算机和 Android 设备之间传输文件、执行命令和调试应用程序。

• Copy full disk image from Android to computer:在某些情况下，你可能不需要使用 dd 命令来直接复制设备的数据。相反，你可以确保 Android 调试桥（adb）以 root 权限运行，然后使用 adb pull 命令直接获取分区的块设备文件。

1. 安装 ADB：
   • ADB 包含在 Android SDK（软件开发工具包）中。下载并安装 Android Studio，或者只下载并安装 SDK 工具，其中包含了 adb。

2. 启用 USB 调试：

   • 在 Android 设备上使用 adb 之前，你需要确保 USB 调试已经启用。在设备的设置中，进入 “开发者选项” 并启用 “USB 调试”。

3. 连接设备：

   • 使用 USB 数据线将 Android 设备连接到计算机。确保设备以 MTP（媒体传输协议）或 PTP（图片传输协议）模式连接。

4. 运行 ADB 命令：

   • 打开终端或命令提示符，导航到 Android SDK 的 platform-tools 目录，并运行 adb 命令。

kubuntu@kubuntu:/media/kubuntu/系统/ESSENTIAL_FILE/ENV_ANDROID/SDK/platform-tools$ ./adb --version
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.41
Version 34.0.5-10900879
Installed as /media/kubuntu/系统/ESSENTIAL_FILE/ENV_ANDROID/SDK/platform-tools/adb
Running on Linux 5.15.0-67-generic (x86_64)

./adb --help
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.41
Version 34.0.5-10900879
Installed as /media/kubuntu/系统/ESSENTIAL_FILE/ENV_ANDROID/SDK/platform-tools/adb
Running on Linux 5.15.0-67-generic (x86_64)

global options:
 -a                       listen on all network interfaces, not just localhost
 -d                       use USB device (error if multiple devices connected)
 -e                       use TCP/IP device (error if multiple TCP/IP devices available)
 -s SERIAL                use device with given serial (overrides $ANDROID_SERIAL)
 -t ID                    use device with given transport id
 -H                       name of adb server host [default=localhost]
 -P                       port of adb server [default=5037]
 -L SOCKET                listen on given socket for adb server [default=tcp:localhost:5037]
 --one-device SERIAL|USB  only allowed with 'start-server' or 'server nodaemon', server will only connect to one USB device, specified by a serial number or USB device address.
 --exit-on-write-error    exit if stdout is closed

general commands:
 devices [-l]             list connected devices (-l for long output)
 help                     show this help message
 version                  show version num

networking:
 connect HOST[:PORT]      connect to a device via TCP/IP [default port=5555]
 disconnect [HOST[:PORT]]
     disconnect from given TCP/IP device [default port=5555], or all
 pair HOST[:PORT] [PAIRING CODE]
     pair with a device for secure TCP/IP communication
 forward --list           list all forward socket connections
 forward [--no-rebind] LOCAL REMOTE
     forward socket connection using:
       tcp:<port> (<local> may be "tcp:0" to pick any open port)
       localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
       localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
       localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
       dev:<character device name>
       jdwp:<process pid> (remote only)
       vsock:<CID>:<port> (remote only)
       acceptfd:<fd> (listen only)
 forward --remove LOCAL   remove specific forward socket connection
 forward --remove-all     remove all forward socket connections
 reverse --list           list all reverse socket connections from device
 reverse [--no-rebind] REMOTE LOCAL
     reverse socket connection using:
       tcp:<port> (<remote> may be "tcp:0" to pick any open port)
       localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
       localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
       localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
 reverse --remove REMOTE  remove specific reverse socket connection
 reverse --remove-all     remove all reverse socket connections from device
 mdns check               check if mdns discovery is available
 mdns services            list all discovered services

file transfer:
 push [--sync] [-z ALGORITHM] [-Z] LOCAL... REMOTE
     copy local files/directories to device
     --sync: only push files that are newer on the host than the device
     -n: dry run: push files to device without storing to the filesystem
     -z: enable compression with a specified algorithm (any/none/brotli/lz4/zstd)
     -Z: disable compression
 pull [-a] [-z ALGORITHM] [-Z] REMOTE... LOCAL
     copy files/dirs from device
     -a: preserve file timestamp and mode
     -z: enable compression with a specified algorithm (any/none/brotli/lz4/zstd)
     -Z: disable compression
 sync [-l] [-z ALGORITHM] [-Z] [all|data|odm|oem|product|system|system_ext|vendor]
     sync a local build from $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT to the device (default all)
     -n: dry run: push files to device without storing to the filesystem
     -l: list files that would be copied, but don't copy them
     -z: enable compression with a specified algorithm (any/none/brotli/lz4/zstd)
     -Z: disable compression

shell:
 shell [-e ESCAPE] [-n] [-Tt] [-x] [COMMAND...]
     run remote shell command (interactive shell if no command given)
     -e: choose escape character, or "none"; default '~'
     -n: don't read from stdin
     -T: disable pty allocation
     -t: allocate a pty if on a tty (-tt: force pty allocation)
     -x: disable remote exit codes and stdout/stderr separation
 emu COMMAND              run emulator console command

app installation (see also `adb shell cmd package help`):
 install [-lrtsdg] [--instant] PACKAGE
     push a single package to the device and install it
 install-multiple [-lrtsdpg] [--instant] PACKAGE...
     push multiple APKs to the device for a single package and install them
 install-multi-package [-lrtsdpg] [--instant] PACKAGE...
     push one or more packages to the device and install them atomically
     -r: replace existing application
     -t: allow test packages
     -d: allow version code downgrade (debuggable packages only)
     -p: partial application install (install-multiple only)
     -g: grant all runtime permissions
     --abi ABI: override platform's default ABI
     --instant: cause the app to be installed as an ephemeral install app
     --no-streaming: always push APK to device and invoke Package Manager as separate steps
     --streaming: force streaming APK directly into Package Manager
     --fastdeploy: use fast deploy
     --no-fastdeploy: prevent use of fast deploy
     --force-agent: force update of deployment agent when using fast deploy
     --date-check-agent: update deployment agent when local version is newer and using fast deploy
     --version-check-agent: update deployment agent when local version has different version code and using fast deploy
     --local-agent: locate agent files from local source build (instead of SDK location)
     (See also `adb shell pm help` for more options.)
 uninstall [-k] PACKAGE
     remove this app package from the device
     '-k': keep the data and cache directories

debugging:
 bugreport [PATH]
     write bugreport to given PATH [default=bugreport.zip];
     if PATH is a directory, the bug report is saved in that directory.
     devices that don't support zipped bug reports output to stdout.
 jdwp                     list pids of processes hosting a JDWP transport
 logcat                   show device log (logcat --help for more)

security:
 disable-verity           disable dm-verity checking on userdebug builds
 enable-verity            re-enable dm-verity checking on userdebug builds
 keygen FILE
     generate adb public/private key; private key stored in FILE,

scripting:
 wait-for[-TRANSPORT]-STATE...
     wait for device to be in a given state
     STATE: device, recovery, rescue, sideload, bootloader, or disconnect
     TRANSPORT: usb, local, or any [default=any]
 get-state                print offline | bootloader | device
 get-serialno             print <serial-number>
 get-devpath              print <device-path>
 remount [-R]
      remount partitions read-write. if a reboot is required, -R will
      will automatically reboot the device.
 reboot [bootloader|recovery|sideload|sideload-auto-reboot]
     reboot the device; defaults to booting system image but
     supports bootloader and recovery too. sideload reboots
     into recovery and automatically starts sideload mode,
     sideload-auto-reboot is the same but reboots after sideloading.
 sideload OTAPACKAGE      sideload the given full OTA package
 root                     restart adbd with root permissions
 unroot                   restart adbd without root permissions
 usb                      restart adbd listening on USB
 tcpip PORT               restart adbd listening on TCP on PORT

internal debugging:
 start-server             ensure that there is a server running
 kill-server              kill the server if it is running
 reconnect                kick connection from host side to force reconnect
 reconnect device         kick connection from device side to force reconnect
 reconnect offline        reset offline/unauthorized devices to force reconnect

usb:
 attach                   attach a detached USB device
 detach                   detach from a USB device to allow use by other processes
environment variables:
 $ADB_TRACE
     comma/space separated list of debug info to log:
     all,adb,sockets,packets,rwx,usb,sync,sysdeps,transport,jdwp
 $ADB_VENDOR_KEYS         colon-separated list of keys (files or directories)
 $ANDROID_SERIAL          serial number to connect to (see -s)
 $ANDROID_LOG_TAGS        tags to be used by logcat (see logcat --help)
 $ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_MAX_PORT max emulator scan port (default 5585, 16 emus)
 $ADB_MDNS_AUTO_CONNECT   comma-separated list of mdns services to allow auto-connect (default adb-tls-connect)

Online documentation: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/adb/+/refs/heads/master/docs/user/adb.1.md

$ ./adb devices
List of devices attached
SJQ4C19325004095        unauthorized
========》手机上选择“允许调试”========》
$ ./adb devices
List of devices attached
SJQ4C19325004095        device

5. 常见 ADB 命令：

./adb  shell ls
3rdmodem
3rdmodemnvm
3rdmodemnvmbkp
acct
bugreports
cache
charger
config
cust
cust_comm
cust_spec
cust_spec_cfg
d
data
default.prop
dev
dload
etc
hw_odm
hw_oem
hw_preload
log
mnt
odm
oem
patch
patch_hw
preload
proc
product
res
root
sbin
sdcard
splash2
storage
sys
system
vendor
version
ls: ./mnvm2:0: Permission denied
ls: ./modem_fw: Permission denied
ls: ./modem_log: Permission denied
ls: ./modem_secure: Permission denied
ls: ./hisee_fs: Permission denied
ls: ./sec_storage: Permission denied
ls: ./version.prop: Permission denied
ls: ./verity_key: Permission denied
ls: ./ueventd.rc: Permission denied
ls: ./resetFactory.cfg: Permission denied
ls: ./init.zygote64_32.rc: Permission denied
ls: ./init.zygote32.rc: Permission denied
ls: ./init.usb.rc: Permission denied
ls: ./init.usb.configfs.rc: Permission denied
ls: ./init.rc: Permission denied
ls: ./init.environ.rc: Permission denied
ls: ./init: Permission denied
ls: ./fstab.zram768m: Permission denied
ls: ./fstab.zram512m: Permission denied
ls: ./fstab.zram256m: Permission denied
ls: ./fstab.zram2240m: Permission denied
ls: ./fstab.zram1536m: Permission denied
ls: ./fstab.zram1280m: Permission denied
ls: ./fstab.zram1024m: Permission denied

CG

• 安装APK时显示“已安装了签名冲突的应用”，但是手机上又没有该软件的解决办法

• 首先必须明确一个条件，那就是如果手机系统没有Root过的话，是绝对不可以对磁盘进行扇区级操作的。所以，第一步，请先Root了你的手机或者模拟器吧

• ddrescue 电脑恢复数据软件不用付费ddrescue,抢救损坏的硬盘数据,Linux下的软件国产操作系

• https://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/

• https://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/manual/ddrescue_manual.html

• sudo apt install gddrescue

• OPTIONAL : sudo apt-get install ddrescueview

• ddrescue的一个最大的好处是 mapFile 他可以记录进度，即使中断，下次在执行这个命令，他会检测已恢复的进度，并继续恢复,可以通过 ddrescueview 来通过GUI 的方式来查看 mapfile

• :C/C++

• https://github.com/lich4/DataRecovery

• TestDisk 是一款功能强大的免费数据恢复软件！

• Undark - a SQLite recovery tool for deleted data or corrupt database

• Data recovery for IPFS protocol.

• :PYTHON

• Data recovery tools for FATX drives (XBOX and XBOX 360).

• SQBrite is a data recovery tool for SQLite databases

• :Rust

• Simple read only zfs implementation with some simple tools for data recovery.

• 这是一个用于恢复最终处于不可恢复状态的丢失钱包的工具。如果你把你的种子输入到这个 工具，它会导致您的频道在您下次打开钱包时强制关闭。这将使您能够收回资金 从渠道。

• 用 Rust 编写的 BTRFS 数据恢复工具

• ANDROID

• https://github.com/android-rooting-tools/android_run_root_shell

• Android-External-Root-Memory-库

• 嘿，我是格兰特。我是一名安全工程师，专注于逆向工程和漏洞研究。最近，我发现自己花了很多时间在与Android安全相关的主题上。 了解我的学术研究，阅读我一些关于杂项主题的不常发表的博客文章，查看我的项目索引，或查看我的简历以了解有关我的工作经历的更多信息。我的一些爱好包括玩 CTF（目前没有团队）、系统管理、游戏黑客、计算机图形学和网页设计。

• Rooting with root cause: finding a variant of a Project Zero bug

• Android Root Exploits Abuse Dirty COW Vulnerability

• Exploiting CVE-2020-0041 - Part 2: Escalating to root文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-828641.html

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