系统管理
软件源
Debian11
debian11 ustc中国科技大学软件源
- 生成软件源
# 备份软件源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup.$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M") cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << 'EOF' deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free # deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free # deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free # deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-proposed-updates main contrib non-free # deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-proposed-updates main contrib non-free EOF
debian11 清华大学软件源
- 生成软件源
# 备份软件源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup.$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M") cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << 'EOF' # 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释 deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free EOF
debian11 阿里云软件源
- 生成软件源
# 备份软件源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup.$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M") cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << 'EOF' deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib EOF
Debian12
debian12 清华大学软件源
- 生成软件源
# 备份软件源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup.$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M") cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << 'EOF' # 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释 deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware # deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware # deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware # deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware # deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware # # deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware # deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware EOF
系统全局设置
debian12 修改静态IP地址
- eth0为dhcp获取ip,eth1为静态ip,使用"systemctl restart networking.service"命令生效
- debian12 修改静态IP地址
# 备份配置文件 sudo mv /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces.backup.$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M") sudo cat > /etc/network/interfaces << 'EOF' # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 eth1 iface eth0 inet dhcp iface eth1 inet static address 10.10.10.10/24 broadcast 10.10.10.255 network 10.10.10.0 EOF
修改语言环境成中文
- 修改语言环境成中文
dpkg-reconfigure locales #设置成zh_CN.UTF-8后,重启
系统输入法
Debian11 fcxe 安装rime中州韵五笔输入法
- 安装rime输入法
sudo apt -y install fcitx5-rime
- 下载安装五笔输入方案
# 下载五笔输入法 wget https://github.com/rime/rime-wubi/archive/refs/heads/master.zip -O rime-wubi.zip # 五笔拼音反查依赖pinyin-simp wget https://github.com/rime/rime-pinyin-simp/archive/refs/heads/master.zip -O rime-pinyin-simp.zip unzip rime-wubi.zip unzip rime-pinyin-simp.zip 在GUI界面注销,再登录用户 在输入法中调出中州韵输入法 cp rime-wubi-master/wubi* ~/.local/share/fcitx5/rime/ cp rime-pinyin-simp-master/pinyin_simp* ~/.local/share/fcitx5/rime/ vi ~/.local/share/fcitx5/rime/build/default.yaml # 编辑文件,在schema_list:下增加五笔输入法 - schema: wubi_pinyin 保存退出,重新启动中州韵输入法,按F4切换输入法 在五笔拼音输入法下,可直接输入拼音,反查五笔编码
常用软件安装
Docker安装
- Docker官方文档
- 使用apt仓库安装,国内网络可能非常慢
# Add Docker's official GPG key: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc # Add the repository to Apt sources: echo \ "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \ $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \ sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
- 使用离线包安装
- 打开网页
- 选择Debian的版本
- 进入pool/stable/,选择平台
- 下载以下deb文件
containerd.io_<version>_<arch>.deb docker-ce_<version>_<arch>.deb docker-ce-cli_<version>_<arch>.deb docker-buildx-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb docker-compose-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb
- 以Debian12(bookworm)为例,下载链接
- containerd.io_1.6.28-2
- docker-ce_26.0.0-1
- docker-ce-cli_26.0.0-1
- docker-buildx-plugin_0.13.1-1
- docker-compose-plugin_2.25.0-1
- 安装离线包
# 如果没有iptables,需要先安装iptables:apt install -y iptables sudo dpkg -i ./containerd.io_1.6.28-2_amd64.deb \ ./docker-ce_26.0.0-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb \ ./docker-ce-cli_26.0.0-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb \ ./docker-buildx-plugin_0.13.1-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb \ ./docker-compose-plugin_2.25.0-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb
- 验证是否安装成功
docker ps
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文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-850696.html
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