Opencv C++ 绘制中文-Toy模板网

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零、源码

GitHub - ITC-AI/Opencv_Chinese: C++ 的 Opencv绘制中文

一、代码编写

参考
- https://blog.csdn.net/long630576366/article/details/131440684

1、cvxFont.h

#ifndef OPENCVUNICODE_CVXFONT_H
#define OPENCVUNICODE_CVXFONT_H

#include <ft2build.h>
#include FT_FREETYPE_H
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

#include <typeinfo>
#include <codecvt>
#include <string>
#include <locale>

namespace cvx {
    struct FontProperty {
        int fontSize;           // font size (pixel)
        double spaceRatio;       // ratio of distance when meet a space, base on font size
        double fontRatio;        // ratio of distance between each character, base on font size
        double fontRotateAngle;  // rotate angle
        double fontDiaphaneity;  // merge ratio
        bool fontIsUnderline;   // underline
        bool fontIsVertical;    // put text in vertical
    };

    class CvxFont
    {
    public:

        explicit CvxFont(const cv::String& fontType);
        virtual ~CvxFont();

        void setFontSize(int fontSize);
        void setSpaceRatio(const double spaceRatio) { m_font->spaceRatio = spaceRatio; }
        void setFontRatio(const double fontRatio) { m_font->fontRatio = fontRatio; }
        void setRotateAngle(const double angle) { m_font->fontRotateAngle = angle; }
        void setUnderline(const bool isUnderline) { m_font->fontIsUnderline = isUnderline; }
        void setDiaphaneity(const double diaphaneity) { m_font->fontDiaphaneity = diaphaneity; }
        void setVertical(const bool vertical) { m_font->fontIsVertical = vertical; }

        [[nodiscard]] int getFontSize() const { return m_font->fontSize; }
        [[nodiscard]] double getSpaceRatio() const { return m_font->spaceRatio; }
        [[nodiscard]] double getFontRatio() const { return m_font->fontRatio; }
        [[nodiscard]] double getAngle() const { return m_font->fontRotateAngle; }
        [[nodiscard]] bool getUnderline() const { return m_font->fontIsUnderline; }
        [[nodiscard]] double getDiaphaneity() const { return m_font->fontDiaphaneity; }
        [[nodiscard]] bool getVertical() const { return m_font->fontIsVertical; }

    private:
        void initFont();
        void rotateFont(double angle);
        void putTextStr(cv::Mat& img, const cv::String& text, cv::Point pos, const cv::Scalar& color);
        void putWChar(cv::Mat& img, uint32_t wc, cv::Point& pos, const cv::Scalar& color);
        friend void putText(cv::Mat&, const std::string&, cv::Point, cvx::CvxFont&, int, const cv::Scalar&);
        FT_Library   m_library{};   // font library
        FT_Face      m_face{};      // font type
        FT_Matrix    m_matrix{};
        FT_Vector    m_pen{};
        FT_Error     m_error;

        FontProperty* m_font;
        long m_maxDiffHeight{ 0 };

    };

    void putText(cv::Mat& img, const std::string& text, cv::Point pos, cvx::CvxFont& fontFace, int fontSize, const cv::Scalar& color);
    void putSymbols(cv::Mat& img, std::vector<uint32_t>& symbols, cv::Point pos, cvx::CvxFont& fontFace, int fontSize, const cv::Scalar& color);
    void putOneSymbol(cv::Mat& img, uint32_t symbol, cv::Point pos, cvx::CvxFont& fontFace, int fontSize, const cv::Scalar& color);
}

#endif //OPENCVUNICODE_CVXFONT_H

2、 cvxFont.cpp

#include "cvxFont.h"
#include <cassert>
#include <clocale>
#include <utility>
#include <sstream>
#include <cstdlib>

cvx::CvxFont::CvxFont(const cv::String& fontType)
{
    assert(!fontType.empty());
    m_error = FT_Init_FreeType(&m_library);
    if (m_error){
        std::cerr << "library initial error!" << std::endl;
        return;
    }
    m_error = FT_New_Face(m_library, fontType.c_str(), 0, &m_face);
    if (m_error == FT_Err_Unknown_File_Format){
        std::cerr << "unsupported font format!" << std::endl;
        return;
    }
    else if (m_error){
        std::cerr << " can not open font files" << std::endl;
        return;
    }
    // use default parameters
    m_font = new FontProperty;
    initFont();
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
}

// release freetype resource
cvx::CvxFont::~CvxFont()
{
    delete m_font;
    FT_Done_Face(m_face);
    FT_Done_FreeType(m_library);
}

void cvx::CvxFont::setFontSize(const int fontSize)
{
    m_font->fontSize = fontSize;
    FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(m_face, fontSize, 0);
}

// initial font
void cvx::CvxFont::initFont()
{
    setFontSize(16);
    setSpaceRatio(0.5);
    setFontRatio(0);
    setRotateAngle(0);
    setDiaphaneity(1);
    setUnderline(false);
    setVertical(false);
    // set font
    FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(m_face, getFontSize(), 0);
}

int my_mbtowc(wchar_t* dest, const char* src, size_t n)
{
    if (n == 0 || src == nullptr)
    {
        return 0;  // 输入为空，不进行转换
    }

    uint8_t firstByte = static_cast<uint8_t>(*src);
    int numBytes = 0;

    if (firstByte <= 0x7F)
    {
        // 单字节字符
        if (dest != nullptr)
        {
            *dest = static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte);
        }
        numBytes = 1;
    }
    else if (firstByte >= 0xC2 && firstByte <= 0xDF)
    {
        // 双字节字符
        if (n >= 2 && (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[1]) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
        {
            if (dest != nullptr)
            {
                *dest = ((static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte) & 0x1F) << 6) |
                        (static_cast<wchar_t>(src[1]) & 0x3F);
            }
            numBytes = 2;
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;  // 不完整或非法字符
        }
    }
    else if (firstByte >= 0xE0 && firstByte <= 0xEF)
    {
        // 三字节字符
        if (n >= 3 && (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[1]) & 0xC0) == 0x80 &&
            (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[2]) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
        {
            if (dest != nullptr)
            {
                *dest = ((static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte) & 0x0F) << 12) |
                        ((static_cast<wchar_t>(src[1]) & 0x3F) << 6) |
                        (static_cast<wchar_t>(src[2]) & 0x3F);
            }
            numBytes = 3;
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;  // 不完整或非法字符
        }
    }
    else if (firstByte >= 0xF0 && firstByte <= 0xF4)
    {
        // 四字节字符
        if (n >= 4 && (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[1]) & 0xC0) == 0x80 &&
            (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[2]) & 0xC0) == 0x80 &&
            (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[3]) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
        {
            if (dest != nullptr)
            {
                *dest = ((static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte) & 0x07) << 18) |
                        ((static_cast<wchar_t>(src[1]) & 0x3F) << 12) |
                        ((static_cast<wchar_t>(src[2]) & 0x3F) << 6) |
                        (static_cast<wchar_t>(src[3]) & 0x3F);
            }
            numBytes = 4;
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;  // 不完整或非法字符
        }
    }
    else
    {
        return -1;  // 非法字符
    }

    return numBytes;
}

void cvx::CvxFont::rotateFont(double angle) {
    angle = (angle / 360) * 3.14159 * 2;
    /* set up matrix */
    m_matrix.xx = static_cast<FT_Fixed>(cos(angle) * 0x10000L);
    m_matrix.xy = static_cast<FT_Fixed>(-sin(angle) * 0x10000L);
    m_matrix.yx = static_cast<FT_Fixed>(sin(angle) * 0x10000L);
    m_matrix.yy = static_cast<FT_Fixed>(cos(angle) * 0x10000L);

    FT_Set_Transform(m_face, &m_matrix, nullptr);
}

void cvx::CvxFont::putTextStr(cv::Mat& img, const cv::String& text, cv::Point pos, const cv::Scalar& color)
{
    CV_Assert(!img.empty());
    CV_Assert(!text.empty());

    int xStart = pos.x;
    int yStart = pos.y;
    m_maxDiffHeight = 0;
    const char* ptr = text.c_str();
    std::mbtowc(nullptr, nullptr, 0); // reset the conversion state
    const char* end = ptr + std::strlen(ptr);
    int ret;
    wchar_t wc;
    for (wchar_t wc; (ret = my_mbtowc(&wc, ptr, end - ptr)) > 0; ptr += ret) {
        putWChar(img, (wc & 0xffffffff), pos, color);
    }

    int xEnd = pos.x;
    int yEnd = pos.y;
    if (getUnderline()) {
        if (getVertical()) {
            cv::line(img, cv::Point(xStart + m_maxDiffHeight, yStart), cv::Point(xStart + m_maxDiffHeight, yEnd), color, 2);
        }
        else {
            cv::line(img, cv::Point(xStart, yStart + m_maxDiffHeight), cv::Point(xEnd, yStart + m_maxDiffHeight), color, 2);
        }
    }

}

void cvx::CvxFont::putWChar(cv::Mat& img, uint32_t wc, cv::Point& pos, const cv::Scalar& color)
{
    rotateFont(getAngle());
    const auto vertical = getVertical();
    const auto size = getFontSize();

    // Converting a Character Code Into a Glyph Index
    FT_UInt glyph_index = FT_Get_Char_Index(m_face, wc);
    FT_Load_Glyph(m_face, glyph_index, FT_LOAD_DEFAULT);
    FT_Render_Glyph(m_face->glyph, FT_RENDER_MODE_MONO);

    FT_GlyphSlot slot = m_face->glyph;
    FT_Bitmap bitmap = slot->bitmap;
    bool isSpace = wc == ' ';

    // get rows and cols of current wide char
    auto rows = bitmap.rows;
    auto cols = bitmap.width;

    cv::Point gPos = pos;
    //gPos.y += m_font->fontSize;
    if (vertical)
    {
        gPos.x += (slot->metrics.vertBearingX >> 6);
        gPos.y += (slot->metrics.vertBearingY >> 6);
        m_maxDiffHeight = std::max(m_maxDiffHeight, rows - (slot->metrics.vertBearingY >> 6));
    }
    else
    {
        gPos.x += (slot->metrics.horiBearingX >> 6);
        gPos.y -= (slot->metrics.horiBearingY >> 6);
        m_maxDiffHeight = std::max(m_maxDiffHeight, rows - (slot->metrics.horiBearingY >> 6));
    }

    // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52254639/how-to-access-pixels-state-in-monochrome-bitmap-using-freetype2
    for (auto i = 0; i < rows; ++i)
    {
        for (auto j = 0; j < cols; ++j)
        {
            int off = i * slot->bitmap.pitch + j / 8;

            if (slot->bitmap.buffer[off] & (0x80 >> (j % 8)))
            {
                const auto r = gPos.y + i; //vertical ? pos.y + i : pos.y + i + (size - rows); // to make align to bottom
                const auto c = gPos.x + j;

                if (r >= 0 && r < img.rows && c >= 0 && c < img.cols)
                {
                	if (color.channels == 3)
                	{
		                cv::Vec3b scalar = img.at<cv::Vec3b>(cv::Point(c, r));
		                // merge set color with origin color
		                double p = getDiaphaneity();
		                for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k)
		                {
		                    scalar.val[k] = static_cast<uchar>(scalar.val[k] * (1 - p) + color.val[k] * p);
		                }

		                img.at<cv::Vec3b>(cv::Point(c, r)) = cv::Vec3b(scalar[0], scalar[1], scalar[2]);                	
                	}
                	else if (color.channels == 4) // 如果 color 输入的个数为 4，表示包含透明度信息
		            {
		                cv::Vec4b scalar = img.at<cv::Vec4b>(cv::Point(c, r));
		                // merge set color with origin color
		                double p = getDiaphaneity();
		                for (int k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
		                {
		                    scalar.val[k] = static_cast<uchar>(scalar.val[k] * (1 - p) + color.val[k] * p);
		                }

		                img.at<cv::Vec4b>(cv::Point(c, r)) = cv::Vec4b(scalar[0], scalar[1], scalar[2], scalar[3]);    
		            }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    // modify position to next character
    const auto space = static_cast<int>(size * getSpaceRatio());
    const auto sep = static_cast<int>(size * getFontRatio());
    // vertical string or not, default not vertical
    if (vertical){
        const auto moveX = (static_cast<int>(getAngle()) == 0) ?  (slot->metrics.vertAdvance >> 6) : rows + 1;
        pos.y += isSpace ? space : moveX + sep;
    }else{
        const auto moveY = (static_cast<int>(getAngle()) == 0) ? (slot->metrics.horiAdvance >> 6) : cols + 1;
        pos.x += isSpace ? space : moveY + sep;
    }
}

void cvx::putText(cv::Mat& img, const std::string& text, cv::Point pos, cvx::CvxFont& fontFace, int fontSize, const cv::Scalar& color) {
    fontFace.setFontSize(fontSize);
    fontFace.putTextStr(img, text, std::move(pos), color);
    fontFace.initFont();
}

3、main.cpp

#include "cvxFont.h"
using namespace cvx;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    cvx::CvxFont font("../simsun.ttc");
    cv::Mat img(400, 800, CV_8UC3, cv::Scalar(255, 255, 255)); // create a black background
    cv::String msg6 = "文字:[主要功能】:可紧致头发磷层，从而达到";
     // be careful to use the font that support Chinese
    putText(img, msg6, cv::Point(10, 40), font, 18,  cv::Scalar(255, 0, 0));

    cv::imshow("test", img);
    cv::waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

4、CMakeLists.txt

X64的编译链

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(OpenCVUnicode)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)

find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
message(STATUS "OpenCV library status:")
message(STATUS "    version: ${OpenCV_VERSION}")
message(STATUS "    libraries: ${OpenCV_LIBS}")
message(STATUS "    include path: ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
include_directories(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})

find_package(Freetype REQUIRED)
message(STATUS "Freetype library status")
message(STATUS "    ${FREETYPE_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
message(STATUS "    ${FREETYPE_INCLUDE_DIR_ft2build}")
message(STATUS "    ${FREETYPE_INCLUDE_DIR_freetype2}")
include_directories(${FREETYPE_INCLUDE_DIRS})

set(SRC
    main.cpp
    cvxFont.cpp
)
include_directories (cvxFont.h) 

add_executable(OpenCVUnicode ${SRC})
target_link_libraries(OpenCVUnicode ${OpenCV_LIBS})
target_link_libraries(OpenCVUnicode ${FREETYPE_LIBRARIES})

Arm的编译链

#工程名称
project (OcrChinese)
#版本限定
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10.2)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR aarch64)
#设置编译链
SET(CMAKE_C_COMPILER "aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu-gcc")
SET(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu-g++")
SET(CMAKE_AR "aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu-ar")
SET(CMAKE_LINKER "aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu-ld")

link_directories(${SYS_LIB_PATH}/link)

#opencv库路径
set(OpenCV_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/source/rk3588_opencv455/lib/cmake/opencv4)
find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED COMPONENTS imgproc core imgcodecs)  # 指定需要的 OpenCV 组件

if (OpenCV_FOUND)
    message("OpenCV found: ${OpenCV_VERSION}")
    include_directories(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})
else()
    message(FATAL_ERROR "OpenCV not found")
endif()


# FreeType
link_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/FreeType/lib)
include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/FreeType/include)

#源文件
set (SRC_PATH
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/Font/src
)
foreach(item ${SRC_PATH})
    aux_source_directory (${item} SRC_LIST)
endforeach()
#头文件
set (STREAM_INCLUDE
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/Font/include
)
foreach(item ${STREAM_INCLUDE})
    include_directories ( ${item} ) 
endforeach()

add_compile_options(-Wall)

#添加库
set (LIBS pthread stdc++)

add_executable(OcrChinese ${SRC_LIST})
target_link_libraries (OcrChinese  ${LIBS} ${OpenCV_LIBS})

二、C++编译

1、X64系统

(1) 安装opencv

在 Ubuntu 上安装 OpenCV，你可以使用以下命令：

sudo apt update
sudo apt install libopencv-dev python3-opencv

在 CentOS 上安装 OpenCV，你可以使用以下命令：

sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum install opencv opencv-devel

(2) 安装FreeType

在 Ubuntu 上安装 FreeType，可以使用以下命令：

sudo apt update
sudo apt install libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev

在 CentOS 上安装 FreeType，可以使用以下命令：

sudo yum install freetype freetype-devel

(3) 编译

# 1、建一个build文件用于编译
mkdir build && cd build
# 2、编译
cmake .. && make -j8

2、Arm系统（这个中文没成功，可能是系统文字编码问题-已解决,修改方案如下：）

参考：
- freetype的交叉编译及在嵌入式linux上的简单使用 - 代码先锋网

将cvxFont.cpp中，void cvx::CvxFont::putTextStr 函数中的，std::mbtowc库函数换成下面自定义的函数my_mbtowc。（详细代码可以查看源代码）

int my_mbtowc(wchar_t* dest, const char* src, size_t n)
{
    if (n == 0 || src == nullptr)
    {
        return 0;  // 输入为空，不进行转换
    }
    uint8_t firstByte = static_cast<uint8_t>(*src);
    int numBytes = 0;

    if (firstByte <= 0x7F)
    {
        // 单字节字符
        if (dest != nullptr)
        {
            *dest = static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte);
        }
        numBytes = 1;
    }
    else if (firstByte >= 0xC2 && firstByte <= 0xDF)
    {
        // 双字节字符
        if (n >= 2 && (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[1]) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
        {
            if (dest != nullptr)
            {
                *dest = ((static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte) & 0x1F) << 6) |
                        (static_cast<wchar_t>(src[1]) & 0x3F);
            }
            numBytes = 2;
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;  // 不完整或非法字符
        }
    }
    else if (firstByte >= 0xE0 && firstByte <= 0xEF)
    {
        // 三字节字符
        if (n >= 3 && (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[1]) & 0xC0) == 0x80 &&
            (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[2]) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
        {
            if (dest != nullptr)
            {
                *dest = ((static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte) & 0x0F) << 12) |
                        ((static_cast<wchar_t>(src[1]) & 0x3F) << 6) |
                        (static_cast<wchar_t>(src[2]) & 0x3F);
            }
            numBytes = 3;
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;  // 不完整或非法字符
        }
    }
    else if (firstByte >= 0xF0 && firstByte <= 0xF4)
    {
        // 四字节字符
        if (n >= 4 && (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[1]) & 0xC0) == 0x80 &&
            (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[2]) & 0xC0) == 0x80 &&
            (static_cast<uint8_t>(src[3]) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
        {
            if (dest != nullptr)
            {
                *dest = ((static_cast<wchar_t>(firstByte) & 0x07) << 18) |
                        ((static_cast<wchar_t>(src[1]) & 0x3F) << 12) |
                        ((static_cast<wchar_t>(src[2]) & 0x3F) << 6) |
                        (static_cast<wchar_t>(src[3]) & 0x3F);
            }
            numBytes = 4;
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;  // 不完整或非法字符
        }
    }
    else
    {
        return -1;  // 非法字符
    }

    return numBytes;
}

(1) 交叉编译 opencv

参考
- RK3588移植-opencv交叉编译aarch64_arm64 opencv-CSDN博客

(2) 交叉编译FreeType

参考
- freetype的交叉编译及在嵌入式linux上的简单使用 - 代码先锋网
freetype源码下载地址：
- The FreeType Project - Browse /freetype2/2.8.1 at SourceForge.net
- (官网) The FreeType Project文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-854128.html
交叉编译

# 1、解压
tar zxvf freetype-2.8.1.tar.gz

cd freetype-2.8.1/

# 2、选定交叉编译侗剧，进行编译
./configure CC=/home/yang/b503/ctools/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.9-2014.09_linux/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --host=arm-linux --prefix=$PWD/INSTALL --with-zlib=no --with-png=n

# 3、编译
make
make install

(3) 编译

# 1、建一个build文件用于编译
mkdir build && cd build
# 2、编译
cmake .. && make -j8

三、效果图

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Opencv C++ 绘制中文

零、源码

一、代码编写

1、cvxFont.h

2、 cvxFont.cpp

3、main.cpp

4、CMakeLists.txt

二、C++编译

1、X64系统

(1) 安装opencv

(2) 安装FreeType

(3) 编译

2、Arm系统（这个中文没成功，可能是系统文字编码问题-已解决,修改方案如下：）

(1) 交叉编译 opencv

(2) 交叉编译FreeType

(3) 编译

三、效果图

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Opencv C++ 绘制中文

零、源码

一、代码编写

1、cvxFont.h

2、 cvxFont.cpp

3、main.cpp

4、CMakeLists.txt

二、C++编译

1、X64系统

(1) 安装opencv

(2) 安装FreeType

(3) 编译

2、Arm系统 （这个中文没成功，可能是系统文字编码问题-已解决,修改方案如下：）

(1) 交叉编译 opencv

(2) 交叉编译FreeType

(3) 编译

三、效果图

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2、Arm系统（这个中文没成功，可能是系统文字编码问题-已解决,修改方案如下：）