视频地址:【WebApi+Vue3从0到1搭建《权限管理系统》系列视频:搭建JWT系统鉴权-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/R6cOcDO
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一、在appsettings.json中设置鉴权属性
/*jwt鉴权*/ "JwtSetting": { "Issuer": "zhangsan", //发行人 "Audience": "zhangsan", //订阅人 "ExpireSeconds": 120, //过期时间,默认分钟 "ENAlgorithm": "HS256", //秘钥算法 "SecurityKey": "Zmz=Start2024013OverallAuth.WebApi" //秘钥构成 },
二、新建模型
添加模型JwtSettingModel其中字段和appsettings.json中的字段一样,如下
/// <summary> /// jwt 配置模型 /// </summary> public class JwtSettingModel { /// <summary> /// 发行人 /// </summary> public string Issuer { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 订阅人 /// </summary> public string Audience { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 过期时间,默认分钟 /// </summary> public int ExpireSeconds { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 秘钥算法 /// </summary> public string ENAlgorithm { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 秘钥构成 /// </summary> public string SecurityKey { get; set; } }
三、新建解析appsettings.json节点的帮助类
/// <summary> /// 配置文件解析帮助类 /// </summary> public class ConfigurationHelper { /// <summary> /// 配置项 /// </summary> public static IConfiguration configuration { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 构造实例化 /// </summary> static ConfigurationHelper() { configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder().Add(new JsonConfigurationSource { Path = "appsettings.json", ReloadOnChange = true }).Build(); } /// <summary> /// 获取appsetings 配置节点 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="node"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static T GetNode<T>(string node) where T : new() { T mode = configuration.GetSection(node).Get<T>(); return mode; } }
四、在Startup.cs编写鉴权代码
找到ConfigureServices方法,在方法中添加如下代码
//添加jwt鉴权 services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme).AddJwtBearer(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme, option => { var jwtsetting = ConfigurationHelper.GetNode<JwtSettingModel>("JwtSetting"); Configuration.Bind("JwtSetting", jwtsetting); option.SaveToken = true; option.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters() { ValidIssuer = jwtsetting.Issuer,//发行人 ValidAudience = jwtsetting.Audience,//订阅人 IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jwtsetting.SecurityKey)),//解密的密钥 ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,//是否验证签名,不验证的画可以篡改数据,不安全 ValidateIssuer = true,//是否验证发行人,就是验证载荷中的Iss是否对应ValidIssuer参数 ValidateAudience = true,//是否验证订阅人,就是验证载荷中的Aud是否对应ValidAudience参数 ValidateLifetime = true,//是否验证过期时间,过期了就拒绝访问 ClockSkew = TimeSpan.Zero,//这个是token缓冲过期时间,如果设置了,token过期时间就是缓冲时间+过期时间 //RequireExpirationTime = true, }; });
并在Configure方法中添加jwt授权代码 app.UseAuthorization();
五、编写Jwt帮助类
/// <summary> /// jwt帮助类 /// </summary> public static class JwtHelper { /// <summary> /// 生成token /// </summary> /// <param name="loginResult"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string BuildToken(LoginModel loginResult) { LoginModel result = new(); var jwtsetting = ConfigurationHelper.GetNode<JwtSettingModel>("JwtSetting"); //获取登录信息 var calime = loginResult.PropValueType().Select(x => new Claim(x.Name, x.Value.ToString(), x.Type)).ToList(); //记录登录信息 var key = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jwtsetting.SecurityKey)); var creds = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256); var header = new JwtHeader(creds); var paylod = new JwtPayload(jwtsetting.Issuer, jwtsetting.Audience, calime, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(jwtsetting.ExpireSeconds)); //正式创建令牌 var token = new JwtSecurityToken(header, paylod); var tokenStr = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token); var ddd = token.ValidTo.AddHours(8).ToString(); return tokenStr; } /// <summary> /// 反射获取字段信息 /// </summary> /// <param name="obj">模型</param> /// <returns></returns> public static IEnumerable<(string Name, object Value, string Type)> PropValueType(this object obj) { List<(string a, object b, string c)> result = new(); var type = obj.GetType(); var props = type.GetProperties(); foreach (var item in props) { result.Add((item.Name, item.GetValue(obj), item.PropertyType.Name)); } return result; } }
然后再webapi接口控制器上方添加鉴权特性[Authorize],这样所有接口都会遵守jwt鉴权协议
文章来源地址https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-855014.html
六、Swagger接口文档使用Jwt鉴权
做好以上五点,webapi中就能正常使用jwt鉴权,但如果你使用Swagger测试接口,那么就要让Swagger遵守Jwt协议
所以必须在添加以下代码,注意这段代码是写在AddSwaggerGen中
//把jwt添加到swagger中 optinos.AddSecurityDefinition("OverallAuth.WebApi", new OpenApiSecurityScheme { Description = "直接在下框中输入Bearer token(注意两者之间是一个空格)", Name = "Authorization",//jwt默认的参数名称 In = ParameterLocation.Header,//jwt默认存放请求头中 Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey }); //swagger遵守jwt授权协议 optinos.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement { { new OpenApiSecurityScheme{ Reference = new OpenApiReference { Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme, Id = "OverallAuth.WebApi" } },new string[] { } } });
以上就是在webapi中使用jwt的详细代码文章来源:https://www.toymoban.com/news/detail-855014.html
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