STM32存储左右互搏 SPI总线FATS文件读写SD/MicroSD/TF卡

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STM32存储左右互搏 SPI总线FATS文件读写SD/MicroSD/TF卡

SD/MicroSD/TF卡是基于FLASH的一种常见非易失存储单元,由接口协议电路和FLASH构成。市面上由不同尺寸和不同容量的卡,手机领域用的TF卡实际就是MicroSD卡,尺寸比SD卡小,而电路和协议操作则是一样。这里介绍STM32CUBEIDE开发平台HAL库SPI总线FATS文件操作读写SD/MicroSD/TF卡的例程。

除了在硬件板子上集成SD/MicroSD/TF卡插槽的方式,也可以使用SD/MicroSD/TF卡模块,如下图所示为其中一种(支持MicroSD/TF卡):
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

SD/MicroSD/TF卡访问接口

SD/MicroSD/TF卡可以通过访问更快的SDIO专用协议接口或是访问慢一些的普通SPI接口进行操作,两种协议接口复用管脚。通过SPI接口进行操作,上面介绍的模块的接口连接特性如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
共6个引脚(GND、VCC、MISO、MOSI、SCK、CS)与标准SPI接口对应。除了供电为5V,通讯管脚的电平由于模块内部进行了转换,直接和STM32的一个SPI接口连接即可。
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
如果不采用模块,直接集成卡槽使用,SDIO协议管脚和SPI协议管脚的复用关系如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

例程采用STM32F401CCU6芯片(兼容STM32F401RCT6, 仅封装不同)对4GB的TF卡进行操作

STM32工程配置

首先建立基本工程并设置时钟:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
配置SPI1:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
不配置DMA:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
选择PA4管脚为软件代码控制的片选,单独配置为GPIO输出, 需要注意,SPI FATS访问SD/MicroSD/TF卡必须采用PA4作为软件片选的管脚,采用其它管脚如PA0/PA1/PA15等作为SP1的软件片选时,读文件操作正常,而写文件操作在写成功后STM32会挂死,原因未明,芯片内部机制和FATS库配合存在潜在的问题,需要规避。在采用SPI2时,也要采用PA4作为软件片选的管脚。
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
配置FATAS参数:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
配置UART1做为通讯口:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
DMA不配置:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
保存并生成初始代码:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

STM32工程代码

UART串口printf打印输出实现参考:STM32 UART串口printf函数应用及浮点打印代码空间节省 (HAL)

建立SPI操作SD/MicroSD/TF卡库头文件SDdriver.h:

#include "main.h"
/*
CID	128bit	卡标识号;
RCA	16bit	相对卡地址(Relative card address):本地系统中卡的地址,动态变化。在主机初始的时候确定。SPI模式中没有;
CSD	128bit	卡描述数据:卡操作条件相关的信息数据;
SCR	64bit	SD配置寄存器:SD卡特定信息数据;
OCR	32bit	操作条件寄存器。
*/


extern uint8_t SD_TYPE;

//SD卡类型
#define ERR     	0x00
#define MMC				0x01
#define V1				0x02
#define V2				0x04
#define V2HC			0x06

#define DUMMY_BYTE				 0xFF 
#define MSD_BLOCKSIZE			 512


//CMD定义
#define CMD0    0       //卡复位
#define CMD1    1
#define CMD8    8       //命令8 ,SEND_IF_COND
#define CMD9    9       //命令9 ,读CSD数据
#define CMD10   10      //命令10,读CID数据
#define CMD12   12      //命令12,停止数据传输
#define CMD16   16      //命令16,设置SectorSize 应返回0x00
#define CMD17   17      //命令17,读sector
#define CMD18   18      //命令18,读Multi sector
#define CMD23   23      //命令23,设置多sector写入前预先擦除N个block
#define CMD24   24      //命令24,写sector
#define CMD25   25      //命令25,写Multi sector
#define CMD41   41      //命令41,应返回0x00
#define CMD55   55      //命令55,应返回0x01
#define CMD58   58      //命令58,读OCR信息
#define CMD59   59      //命令59,使能/禁止CRC,应返回0x00

//数据写入回应字意义
#define MSD_DATA_OK                0x05
#define MSD_DATA_CRC_ERROR         0x0B
#define MSD_DATA_WRITE_ERROR       0x0D
#define MSD_DATA_OTHER_ERROR       0xFF
//SD卡回应标记字
#define MSD_RESPONSE_NO_ERROR      0x00
#define MSD_IN_IDLE_STATE          0x01
#define MSD_ERASE_RESET            0x02
#define MSD_ILLEGAL_COMMAND        0x04
#define MSD_COM_CRC_ERROR          0x08
#define MSD_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR   0x10
#define MSD_ADDRESS_ERROR          0x20
#define MSD_PARAMETER_ERROR        0x40
#define MSD_RESPONSE_FAILURE       0xFF


enum _CD_HOLD
{
	HOLD = 0,
	RELEASE = 1,
};

typedef struct               /* Card Specific Data */
{
  uint8_t  CSDStruct;            /* CSD structure */
  uint8_t  SysSpecVersion;       /* System specification version */
  uint8_t  Reserved1;            /* Reserved */
  uint8_t  TAAC;                 /* Data read access-time 1 */
  uint8_t  NSAC;                 /* Data read access-time 2 in CLK cycles */
  uint8_t  MaxBusClkFrec;        /* Max. bus clock frequency */
  uint16_t CardComdClasses;      /* Card command classes */
  uint8_t  RdBlockLen;           /* Max. read data block length */
  uint8_t  PartBlockRead;        /* Partial blocks for read allowed */
  uint8_t  WrBlockMisalign;      /* Write block misalignment */
  uint8_t  RdBlockMisalign;      /* Read block misalignment */
  uint8_t  DSRImpl;              /* DSR implemented */
  uint8_t  Reserved2;            /* Reserved */
  uint32_t DeviceSize;           /* Device Size */
  uint8_t  MaxRdCurrentVDDMin;   /* Max. read current @ VDD min */
  uint8_t  MaxRdCurrentVDDMax;   /* Max. read current @ VDD max */
  uint8_t  MaxWrCurrentVDDMin;   /* Max. write current @ VDD min */
  uint8_t  MaxWrCurrentVDDMax;   /* Max. write current @ VDD max */
  uint8_t  DeviceSizeMul;        /* Device size multiplier */
  uint8_t  EraseGrSize;          /* Erase group size */
  uint8_t  EraseGrMul;           /* Erase group size multiplier */
  uint8_t  WrProtectGrSize;      /* Write protect group size */
  uint8_t  WrProtectGrEnable;    /* Write protect group enable */
  uint8_t  ManDeflECC;           /* Manufacturer default ECC */
  uint8_t  WrSpeedFact;          /* Write speed factor */
  uint8_t  MaxWrBlockLen;        /* Max. write data block length */
  uint8_t  WriteBlockPaPartial;  /* Partial blocks for write allowed */
  uint8_t  Reserved3;            /* Reserded */
  uint8_t  ContentProtectAppli;  /* Content protection application */
  uint8_t  FileFormatGrouop;     /* File format group */
  uint8_t  CopyFlag;             /* Copy flag (OTP) */
  uint8_t  PermWrProtect;        /* Permanent write protection */
  uint8_t  TempWrProtect;        /* Temporary write protection */
  uint8_t  FileFormat;           /* File Format */
  uint8_t  ECC;                  /* ECC code */
  uint8_t  CSD_CRC;              /* CSD CRC */
  uint8_t  Reserved4;            /* always 1*/
}
MSD_CSD;

typedef struct				 /*Card Identification Data*/
{
  uint8_t  ManufacturerID;       /* ManufacturerID */
  uint16_t OEM_AppliID;          /* OEM/Application ID */
  uint32_t ProdName1;            /* Product Name part1 */
  uint8_t  ProdName2;            /* Product Name part2*/
  uint8_t  ProdRev;              /* Product Revision */
  uint32_t ProdSN;               /* Product Serial Number */
  uint8_t  Reserved1;            /* Reserved1 */
  uint16_t ManufactDate;         /* Manufacturing Date */
  uint8_t  CID_CRC;              /* CID CRC */
  uint8_t  Reserved2;            /* always 1 */
}
MSD_CID;

typedef struct
{
  MSD_CSD CSD;
  MSD_CID CID;
  uint32_t Capacity;              /* Card Capacity */
  uint32_t BlockSize;             /* Card Block Size */
  uint16_t RCA;
  uint8_t CardType;
  uint32_t SpaceTotal;            /* Total space size in file system */
  uint32_t SpaceFree;      	     /* Free space size in file system */
}
MSD_CARDINFO, *PMSD_CARDINFO;

extern MSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo;

int             SD_RST(void);
uint8_t		 	SD_init(void);
void 			SD_CS(uint8_t p);
uint32_t  	    SD_GetSectorCount(void);
uint8_t 		SD_GETCID (uint8_t *cid_data);
uint8_t 		SD_GETCSD(uint8_t *csd_data);
int 			MSD0_GetCardInfo(PMSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo);
uint8_t			SD_ReceiveData(uint8_t *data, uint16_t len);
uint8_t 		SD_SendBlock(uint8_t*buf,uint8_t cmd);
uint8_t 		SD_ReadDisk(uint8_t*buf,uint32_t sector,uint8_t cnt);
uint8_t 		SD_WriteDisk(uint8_t*buf,uint32_t sector,uint8_t cnt);


void SPI_setspeed(uint32_t speed);
uint8_t spi_readwrite(uint8_t Txdata);

建立SPI操作SD/MicroSD/TF卡库头文件SDdriver.c:

#include "SDdriver.h"

extern SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;
extern void PY_Delay_us_t(uint32_t Delay);

uint8_t SD_TYPE=0x00;
MSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo;

#define SD_CS_Pin GPIO_PIN_4
#define SD_CS_GPIO_Port GPIOA
#define SD_CS_EN HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SD_CS_GPIO_Port,SD_CS_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define SD_CS_DEN HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SD_CS_GPIO_Port,SD_CS_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET)

int SD_RST(void)
{
  uint8_t rst;

  SD_CS_DEN;
  PY_Delay_us_t(20000);
  SD_CS_EN;
  PY_Delay_us_t(1);
  spi_readwrite(CMD0 | 0x40);
  spi_readwrite(0 >> 24);
  spi_readwrite(0 >> 16);
  spi_readwrite(0 >> 8);
  spi_readwrite(0);
  spi_readwrite(0x95);

  for(uint32_t i=0; i<1000; i++)
  {
	  rst=spi_readwrite(0xFF);
	  if((rst&0X80)==0) break;
	  PY_Delay_us_t(100);
  }
      if((rst&0X80)==0) return 0x01;
      else return 0;
}

int SD_sendcmd(uint8_t cmd,uint32_t arg,uint8_t crc)
{
  uint8_t rst;
  uint8_t idle;

  SD_CS_DEN;
  PY_Delay_us_t(20000);
  SD_CS_EN;
  PY_Delay_us_t(1);
  do{
		idle=spi_readwrite(0xFF);
		PY_Delay_us_t(1);
  }while(idle!=0xFF); //Check SD idle status

  spi_readwrite(cmd | 0x40);
  spi_readwrite(arg >> 24);
  spi_readwrite(arg >> 16);
  spi_readwrite(arg >> 8);
  spi_readwrite(arg);
  spi_readwrite(crc);

  if(cmd==CMD12) spi_readwrite(0xFF); //Stop data transmission

  do{
		rst=spi_readwrite(0xFF);
		PY_Delay_us_t(1);
  }while(rst&0x80);

  return rst;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//SD卡初始化
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
uint8_t SD_init(void)
{
	uint8_t rst;
	uint8_t buff[6] = {0};
	uint16_t retry; 
	uint8_t i;

	SPI_setspeed(SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_256);
	SD_CS_DEN;
	PY_Delay_us_t(1);
	for(retry=0;retry<10;retry++) //向总线最少发送74个脉冲,为了让SD卡正常启动 (唤醒SD卡)
	{
		spi_readwrite(0xFF);
	};
    //发送新的命令之前,需要取消之前的片选,额外发多 8个 CLK (发送0xFF无效数据),结束之前的操作。

	//SD卡进入IDLE状态
	do{
		rst = SD_RST();
		PY_Delay_us_t(1);
	}while(rst!=0x01);

	//查看SD卡的类型
	SD_TYPE=0;
	rst = SD_sendcmd(CMD8, 0x1AA, 0x87);

	if(rst==0x01)
	{
		for(i=0;i<4;i++) buff[i]=spi_readwrite(0xFF);	//Get trailing return value of R7 resp
		if(buff[2]==0X01&&buff[3]==0XAA)//卡是否支持2.7~3.6V
		{
			retry=0XFFFE;
			do{
				SD_sendcmd(CMD55,0,0X01);	//发送CMD55
				rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD41,0x40000000,0X01);//发送CMD41
			}while(rst&&retry--);

			if(retry&&SD_sendcmd(CMD58,0,0X01)==0)//鉴别SD2.0卡版本开始
			{
				for(i=0;i<4;i++)buff[i]=spi_readwrite(0XFF);//得到OCR值
				if(buff[0]&0x40){
					SD_TYPE=V2HC;
				}else {
					SD_TYPE=V2;
				}						
			}
		}else{
			SD_sendcmd(CMD55,0,0X01);			//发送CMD55
			rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD41,0,0X01);	//发送CMD41
			if(rst<=1)
			{
				SD_TYPE=V1;
				retry=0XFFFE;
				do //等待退出IDLE模式
				{
					SD_sendcmd(CMD55,0,0X01);	//发送CMD55
					rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD41,0,0X01);//发送CMD41
				}while(rst&&retry--);
			}else//MMC卡不支持CMD55+CMD41识别
			{
				SD_TYPE=MMC;//MMC V3
				retry=0XFFFE;
				do //等待退出IDLE模式
				{											    
					rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD1,0,0X01);//发送CMD1
				}while(rst&&retry--);
			}
			if(retry==0||SD_sendcmd(CMD16,512,0X01)!=0)SD_TYPE=ERR;//错误的卡
		}
	}
	SD_CS_DEN;
	SPI_setspeed(SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_2);
    return SD_TYPE;
}

//读取指定长度数据
uint8_t SD_ReceiveData(uint8_t *data, uint16_t len)
{
   uint8_t rst;
   SD_CS_EN;
   do
   { 
      rst = spi_readwrite(0xFF);
      PY_Delay_us_t(100);
	}while(rst != 0xFE);

   while(len--)
   {
     *data = spi_readwrite(0xFF);
     data++;
   }
   spi_readwrite(0xFF);
   spi_readwrite(0xFF);
   return 0;
}

//向sd卡写入一个数据包的内容 512字节
uint8_t SD_SendBlock(uint8_t*buf,uint8_t cmd)
{	
	uint16_t t;	
    uint8_t rst;
	do{
		rst=spi_readwrite(0xFF);
	}while(rst!=0xFF);

	spi_readwrite(cmd);
	if(cmd!=0XFD)//不是结束指令
	{
		for(t=0;t<512;t++)spi_readwrite(buf[t]);//提高速度,减少函数传参时间
	    spi_readwrite(0xFF);//忽略crc
	    spi_readwrite(0xFF);
		t=spi_readwrite(0xFF);//接收响应
		if((t&0x1F)!=0x05)return 2;//响应错误
	}						 									  					    
    return 0;//写入成功
}

//获取CID信息
uint8_t SD_GETCID (uint8_t *cid_data)
{
		uint8_t rst;
	    rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD10,0,0x01); //读取CID寄存器
		if(rst==0x00)
		{
			rst=SD_ReceiveData(cid_data,16);
		}
		SD_CS_DEN;
		if(rst)return 1;
		else return 0;
}
//获取CSD信息
uint8_t SD_GETCSD(uint8_t *csd_data){
		uint8_t rst;
        rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD9,0,0x01);//发CMD9命令,读CSD寄存器
        if(rst==0)
	    {
    	   rst=SD_ReceiveData(csd_data, 16);//接收16个字节的数据
        }
	    SD_CS_DEN;//取消片选
	    if(rst)return 1;
	    else return 0;
}
//获取SD卡的总扇区数
uint32_t SD_GetSectorCount(void)
{
        uint8_t csd[16];
        uint32_t Capacity;
        uint8_t n;
		uint16_t csize;  					    
	    //取CSD信息,如果期间出错,返回0
        if(SD_GETCSD(csd)!=0) return 0;
        //如果为SDHC卡,按照下面方式计算
        if((csd[0]&0xC0)==0x40)	 //V2.00的卡
        {
		  csize = csd[9] + ((uint16_t)csd[8] << 8) + 1;
		  Capacity = (uint32_t)csize << 10;//得到扇区数
        }
        else//V1.XX的卡
        {
		  n = (csd[5] & 15) + ((csd[10] & 128) >> 7) + ((csd[9] & 3) << 1) + 2;
		  csize = (csd[8] >> 6) + ((uint16_t)csd[7] << 2) + ((uint16_t)(csd[6] & 3) << 10) + 1;
		  Capacity= (uint32_t)csize << (n - 9);//得到扇区数
        }
    return Capacity;
}
int MSD0_GetCardInfo(PMSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo)
{
  uint8_t rst;
  uint8_t CSD_Tab[16];
  uint8_t CID_Tab[16];

  /* Send CMD9, Read CSD */
  rst = SD_sendcmd(CMD9, 0, 0xFF);
  if(rst != 0x00)
  {
    return rst;
  }

  if(SD_ReceiveData(CSD_Tab, 16))
  {
	return 1;
  }

  /* Send CMD10, Read CID */
  rst = SD_sendcmd(CMD10, 0, 0xFF);
  if(rst != 0x00)
  {
    return rst;
  }

  if(SD_ReceiveData(CID_Tab, 16))
  {
	return 2;
  }  

  /* Byte 0 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CSDStruct = (CSD_Tab[0] & 0xC0) >> 6;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.SysSpecVersion = (CSD_Tab[0] & 0x3C) >> 2;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved1 = CSD_Tab[0] & 0x03;
  /* Byte 1 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.TAAC = CSD_Tab[1] ;
  /* Byte 2 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.NSAC = CSD_Tab[2];
  /* Byte 3 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxBusClkFrec = CSD_Tab[3];
  /* Byte 4 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CardComdClasses = CSD_Tab[4] << 4;
  /* Byte 5 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CardComdClasses |= (CSD_Tab[5] & 0xF0) >> 4;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.RdBlockLen = CSD_Tab[5] & 0x0F;
  /* Byte 6 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.PartBlockRead = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x80) >> 7;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrBlockMisalign = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x40) >> 6;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.RdBlockMisalign = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x20) >> 5;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DSRImpl = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x10) >> 4;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved2 = 0; /* Reserved */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x03) << 10;
  /* Byte 7 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize |= (CSD_Tab[7]) << 2;
  /* Byte 8 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize |= (CSD_Tab[8] & 0xC0) >> 6;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxRdCurrentVDDMin = (CSD_Tab[8] & 0x38) >> 3;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxRdCurrentVDDMax = (CSD_Tab[8] & 0x07);
  /* Byte 9 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrCurrentVDDMin = (CSD_Tab[9] & 0xE0) >> 5;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrCurrentVDDMax = (CSD_Tab[9] & 0x1C) >> 2;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSizeMul = (CSD_Tab[9] & 0x03) << 1;
  /* Byte 10 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSizeMul |= (CSD_Tab[10] & 0x80) >> 7;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.EraseGrSize = (CSD_Tab[10] & 0x7C) >> 2;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.EraseGrMul = (CSD_Tab[10] & 0x03) << 3;
  /* Byte 11 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.EraseGrMul |= (CSD_Tab[11] & 0xE0) >> 5;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrProtectGrSize = (CSD_Tab[11] & 0x1F);
  /* Byte 12 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrProtectGrEnable = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x80) >> 7;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.ManDeflECC = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x60) >> 5;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrSpeedFact = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x1C) >> 2;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrBlockLen = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x03) << 2;
  /* Byte 13 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrBlockLen |= (CSD_Tab[13] & 0xc0) >> 6;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WriteBlockPaPartial = (CSD_Tab[13] & 0x20) >> 5;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved3 = 0;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.ContentProtectAppli = (CSD_Tab[13] & 0x01);
  /* Byte 14 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.FileFormatGrouop = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x80) >> 7;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CopyFlag = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x40) >> 6;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.PermWrProtect = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x20) >> 5;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.TempWrProtect = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x10) >> 4;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.FileFormat = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x0C) >> 2;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.ECC = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x03);
  /* Byte 15 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CSD_CRC = (CSD_Tab[15] & 0xFE) >> 1;
  SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved4 = 1;

  if(SD0_CardInfo->CardType == V2HC)
  {
	 /* Byte 7 */
	 SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize = (uint16_t)(CSD_Tab[8]) *256;
	 /* Byte 8 */
	 SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize += CSD_Tab[9] ;
  }

  SD0_CardInfo->Capacity = SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize * MSD_BLOCKSIZE * 1024;
  SD0_CardInfo->BlockSize = MSD_BLOCKSIZE;

  /* Byte 0 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ManufacturerID = CID_Tab[0];
  /* Byte 1 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.OEM_AppliID = CID_Tab[1] << 8;
  /* Byte 2 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.OEM_AppliID |= CID_Tab[2];
  /* Byte 3 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 = CID_Tab[3] << 24;
  /* Byte 4 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 |= CID_Tab[4] << 16;
  /* Byte 5 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 |= CID_Tab[5] << 8;
  /* Byte 6 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 |= CID_Tab[6];
  /* Byte 7 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName2 = CID_Tab[7];
  /* Byte 8 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdRev = CID_Tab[8];
  /* Byte 9 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN = CID_Tab[9] << 24;
  /* Byte 10 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN |= CID_Tab[10] << 16;
  /* Byte 11 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN |= CID_Tab[11] << 8;
  /* Byte 12 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN |= CID_Tab[12];
  /* Byte 13 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.Reserved1 |= (CID_Tab[13] & 0xF0) >> 4;
  /* Byte 14 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ManufactDate = (CID_Tab[13] & 0x0F) << 8;
  /* Byte 15 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.ManufactDate |= CID_Tab[14];
  /* Byte 16 */
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.CID_CRC = (CID_Tab[15] & 0xFE) >> 1;
  SD0_CardInfo->CID.Reserved2 = 1;

  return 0;  
}


//写SD卡
//buf:数据缓存区
//sector:起始扇区
//cnt:扇区数
//返回值:0,ok;其他,失败.
uint8_t SD_WriteDisk(uint8_t*buf,uint32_t sector,uint8_t cnt)
{
	uint8_t rst;
	if(SD_TYPE!=V2HC) sector *= 512;//转换为字节地址
	if(cnt==1)
	{
		rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD24,sector,0X01);//读命令
		if(rst==0)//指令发送成功
		{
			rst=SD_SendBlock(buf,0xFE);//写512个字节
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if(SD_TYPE!=MMC)
		{
			SD_sendcmd(CMD55,0,0X01);	
			SD_sendcmd(CMD23,cnt,0X01);//发送指令
		}
 		rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD25,sector,0X01);//连续读命令
		if(rst==0)
		{
			do
			{
				rst=SD_SendBlock(buf,0xFC);//接收512个字节
				buf+=512;  
			}while(--cnt && rst==0);
			rst=SD_SendBlock(0,0xFD);//接收512个字节
		}
	}   
	SD_CS_DEN;//取消片选
	return rst;//
}	
//读SD卡
//buf:数据缓存区
//sector:扇区
//cnt:扇区数
//返回值:0,ok;其他,失败.
uint8_t SD_ReadDisk(uint8_t*buf,uint32_t sector,uint8_t cnt)
{
	uint8_t rst;
	if(SD_TYPE!=V2HC)sector <<= 9;//转换为字节地址
	if(cnt==1)
	{
		rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD17,sector,0X01);//读命令
		if(rst==0)//指令发送成功
		{
			rst=SD_ReceiveData(buf,512);//接收512个字节
		}
	}
	else
	{
		rst=SD_sendcmd(CMD18,sector,0X01);//连续读命令
		do
		{
			rst=SD_ReceiveData(buf,512);//接收512个字节
			buf+=512;  
		}while(--cnt && rst==0);
		SD_sendcmd(CMD12,0,0X01);	//发送停止命令
	}   
	SD_CS_DEN;//取消片选
	return rst;//
}

uint8_t spi_readwrite(uint8_t Txdata)
{
	uint8_t rd = 0xa5;
	uint8_t td = Txdata;
	HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(&hspi1, &td, &rd, 1 ,2700);
	return rd;
}
//SPI1波特率设置
void SPI_setspeed(uint32_t speed)
{
	hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = speed;
}


对ffconf.h添加包含信息:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

#include "main.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

修改user_diskio.c,对文件操作函数与底层SD/MicroSD/TF卡读写提供连接:

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
 ******************************************************************************
  * @file    user_diskio.c
  * @brief   This file includes a diskio driver skeleton to be completed by the user.
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
 /* USER CODE END Header */

#ifdef USE_OBSOLETE_USER_CODE_SECTION_0
/*
 * Warning: the user section 0 is no more in use (starting from CubeMx version 4.16.0)
 * To be suppressed in the future.
 * Kept to ensure backward compatibility with previous CubeMx versions when
 * migrating projects.
 * User code previously added there should be copied in the new user sections before
 * the section contents can be deleted.
 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
#endif

/* USER CODE BEGIN DECL */
/**************************s*******************************/
#include "diskio.h"		/* Declarations of disk functions */
#include "SDdriver.h"
/**************************e*******************************/
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <string.h>
#include "ff_gen_drv.h"
/**************************s*******************************/
#define SD_CS_Pin GPIO_PIN_4
#define SD_CS_GPIO_Port GPIOA
#define SD_CS_EN HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SD_CS_GPIO_Port,SD_CS_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define SD_CS_DEN HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SD_CS_GPIO_Port,SD_CS_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET)
/**************************e*******************************/
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Disk status */
static volatile DSTATUS Stat = STA_NOINIT;

/* USER CODE END DECL */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
DSTATUS USER_initialize (BYTE pdrv);
DSTATUS USER_status (BYTE pdrv);
DRESULT USER_read (BYTE pdrv, BYTE *buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
#if _USE_WRITE == 1
  DRESULT USER_write (BYTE pdrv, const BYTE *buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
#endif /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */
#if _USE_IOCTL == 1
  DRESULT USER_ioctl (BYTE pdrv, BYTE cmd, void *buff);
#endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */

Diskio_drvTypeDef  USER_Driver =
{
  USER_initialize,
  USER_status,
  USER_read,
#if  _USE_WRITE
  USER_write,
#endif  /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */
#if  _USE_IOCTL == 1
  USER_ioctl,
#endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */
};

/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/**
  * @brief  Initializes a Drive
  * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)
  * @retval DSTATUS: Operation status
  */
DSTATUS USER_initialize (
	BYTE pdrv           /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN INIT */
/**************************s*******************************/
	  uint8_t res;
	  res = SD_init();//SD_Initialize()

	  if(res) return RES_OK;
	  else return  STA_NOINIT;
/**************************e*******************************/
	/*
    Stat = STA_NOINIT;
    return Stat;
    */
  /* USER CODE END INIT */
}

/**
  * @brief  Gets Disk Status
  * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)
  * @retval DSTATUS: Operation status
  */
DSTATUS USER_status (
	BYTE pdrv       /* Physical drive number to identify the drive */
)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN STATUS */
/**************************s*******************************/
	switch (pdrv)
		{
			case 0 :
				return RES_OK;
			case 1 :
				return RES_OK;
			case 2 :
				return RES_OK;
			default:
				return STA_NOINIT;
		}
/**************************e*******************************/
	/*
    Stat = STA_NOINIT;
    return Stat;
    */
  /* USER CODE END STATUS */
}

/**
  * @brief  Reads Sector(s)
  * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)
  * @param  *buff: Data buffer to store read data
  * @param  sector: Sector address (LBA)
  * @param  count: Number of sectors to read (1..128)
  * @retval DRESULT: Operation result
  */
DRESULT USER_read (
	BYTE pdrv,      /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
	BYTE *buff,     /* Data buffer to store read data */
	DWORD sector,   /* Sector address in LBA */
	UINT count      /* Number of sectors to read */
)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN READ */
/**************************s*******************************/
	    uint8_t res;
		if( !count )
		{
			return RES_PARERR;  /* count不能等于0,否则返回参数错误 */
		}
		switch (pdrv)
		{
			case 0:
			    res=SD_ReadDisk(buff,sector,count);
					if(res == 0){
						return RES_OK;
					}else{
						return RES_ERROR;
					}
			default:
				return RES_ERROR;
		}
/**************************e*******************************/
	/*
    return RES_OK;
    */
  /* USER CODE END READ */
}

/**
  * @brief  Writes Sector(s)
  * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)
  * @param  *buff: Data to be written
  * @param  sector: Sector address (LBA)
  * @param  count: Number of sectors to write (1..128)
  * @retval DRESULT: Operation result
  */
#if _USE_WRITE == 1
DRESULT USER_write (
	BYTE pdrv,          /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
	const BYTE *buff,   /* Data to be written */
	DWORD sector,       /* Sector address in LBA */
	UINT count          /* Number of sectors to write */
)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WRITE */
  /* USER CODE HERE */
/**************************s*******************************/
	    uint8_t  res;
		if( !count )
		{
			return RES_PARERR;  /* count不能等于0,否则返回参数错误 */
		}
		switch (pdrv)
		{
			case 0:
			    res=SD_WriteDisk((uint8_t *)buff,sector,count);
					if(res == 0){
						return RES_OK;
					}else{
						return RES_ERROR;
					}
			default:return RES_ERROR;
		}
/**************************e*******************************/
	/*
    return RES_OK;
    */
  /* USER CODE END WRITE */
}
#endif /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */

/**
  * @brief  I/O control operation
  * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)
  * @param  cmd: Control code
  * @param  *buff: Buffer to send/receive control data
  * @retval DRESULT: Operation result
  */
#if _USE_IOCTL == 1
DRESULT USER_ioctl (
	BYTE pdrv,      /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
	BYTE cmd,       /* Control code */
	void *buff      /* Buffer to send/receive control data */
)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN IOCTL */
/**************************s*******************************/
	     DRESULT res;
		 switch(cmd)
		    {
			    case CTRL_SYNC:
							SD_CS_EN;
							do{
								HAL_Delay(20);
							}while(spi_readwrite(0xFF)!=0xFF);
							res=RES_OK;
							SD_CS_DEN;
			        break;
			    case GET_SECTOR_SIZE:
			        *(WORD*)buff = 512;
			        res = RES_OK;
			        break;
			    case GET_BLOCK_SIZE:
			        *(WORD*)buff = 8;
			        res = RES_OK;
			        break;
			    case GET_SECTOR_COUNT:
			        *(DWORD*)buff = SD_GetSectorCount();
			        res = RES_OK;
			        break;
			    default:
			        res = RES_PARERR;
			        break;
		    }
			return res;
/**************************e*******************************/
	/*
    DRESULT res = RES_ERROR;
    return res;
    */
  /* USER CODE END IOCTL */
}
#endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */


注意这里设置了卡大小为4GB,可以根据实际情况修改:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
代码实现在main.c文件里,实现如下功能:

  1. 串口收到0x01指令,初始化SD/MicroSD/TF卡
  2. 串口收到0x02指令,装载FATS文件操作系统
  3. 串口收到0x03指令,识别容量,此操作慢
  4. 串口收到0x04指令,创建/打开文件并从头位置写入数据
  5. 串口收到0x05指令,打开文件并从头位置读入数据
  6. 串口收到0x06指令,创建/打开文件并从特定位置写入数据
  7. 串口收到0x07指令,打开文件并从特定位置读入数据
  8. 串口收到0x08指令,读取CID信息
  9. 串口收到0x09指令,读取CSD信息

完整main.c代码如下:

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "fatfs.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "usart.h"
#include "SDdriver.h"
#include "string.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
__IO float usDelayBase;
void PY_usDelayTest(void)
{
  __IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;
  __IO uint32_t counter = 0;

  firstms = HAL_GetTick()+1;
  secondms = firstms+1;

  while(uwTick!=firstms) ;

  while(uwTick!=secondms) counter++;

  usDelayBase = ((float)counter)/1000;
}

void PY_Delay_us_t(uint32_t Delay)
{
  __IO uint32_t delayReg;
  __IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)(Delay*usDelayBase);

  delayReg = 0;
  while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}

void PY_usDelayOptimize(void)
{
  __IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;
  __IO float coe = 1.0;

  firstms = HAL_GetTick();
  PY_Delay_us_t(1000000) ;
  secondms = HAL_GetTick();

  coe = ((float)1000)/(secondms-firstms);
  usDelayBase = coe*usDelayBase;
}


void PY_Delay_us(uint32_t Delay)
{
  __IO uint32_t delayReg;

  __IO uint32_t msNum = Delay/1000;
  __IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)((Delay%1000)*usDelayBase);

  if(msNum>0) HAL_Delay(msNum);

  delayReg = 0;
  while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}
/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t uart1_rx[16];
uint8_t cmd;
uint8_t SD_Status = 0; //SD initialization status (0: none; 1: OK)
uint8_t SD_mount_status = 0; //SD fats mount status indication (0: unmount; 1: mount)
uint8_t FATS_Buff[_MAX_SS]; //Buffer for f_mkfs() operation

FRESULT retSD;
FIL file;
FATFS *fs;
DWORD fre_clust, AvailableSize, UsedSize;
uint16_t TotalSpace;

UINT bytesread;
UINT byteswritten;
uint8_t rBuffer[20];      //Buffer for read
uint8_t WBuffer[20] ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20}; //Buffer for write

extern char USERPath[4];
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#define sector_byte_size 512
uint8_t sdbuffer[sector_byte_size];
uint8_t sdinfo[16];
/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
	SD_mount_status = 0;
	uint32_t SD_Read_Size;

	char * dpath = "0:"; //Disk Path
    for(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++)
    {
	  USERPath[i] = *(dpath+i);
    }

	const TCHAR* filepath = "0:test.txt";
  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_SPI1_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  MX_FATFS_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  PY_usDelayTest();
  PY_usDelayOptimize();

  HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, uart1_rx, 1);

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
     if(cmd==1) //SD Init
     {
    	 cmd = 0;

    	 SD_Status = SD_init();
    	 if(SD_Status == 0) printf("\r\nSD initial failure\r\n");
    	 else
    	 {
        	 printf("\r\nSD type number: %d\r\n", SD_Status);
        	 printf("MMC: 1\r\n");
        	 printf("V1: 2\r\n");
        	 printf("V2: 4\r\n");
        	 printf("V2HC: 6\r\n");

    	 }


     }

     else if(cmd==2) //SD File System Mount
     {
    	 cmd = 0;

    	 if(SD_Status == 0) printf("\r\nSD initial failure\r\n");
    	 else
    	 {
    		 retSD=f_mount(&USERFatFS, (TCHAR const*)USERPath, 1);
    		 if (retSD != FR_OK)
    		 {
    		   printf("File system mount failure: %d\r\n", retSD);

    		   if(retSD==FR_NO_FILESYSTEM)
    		   {
    			   printf("No file system. Now to format......\r\n");
    			   retSD = f_mkfs((TCHAR const*)USERPath, FM_FAT, 1024, FATS_Buff, sizeof(FATS_Buff)); //SD formatting
    			   if(retSD == FR_OK)
    			   {
                      printf("SD formatting success!\r\n");
    			   }
    				else
    			   {
    					printf("SD formatting failure!\r\n");
    			   }

    		   }
    		 }
    		 else
    		 {
    			 SD_mount_status = 1;
    			 printf("File system mount success\r\n");
    		 }
    	 }


     }

     else if(cmd==3) //SD capacity recognition
     {
    	 cmd = 0;

    	 if(SD_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nSD File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retSD);
    	 else
    	 {
			    printf("Executing capacity recognition...It's slow...Waiting for minutes...\r\n");
				retSD = f_getfree((TCHAR const*)USERPath, &fre_clust, &fs);  //root directory

				if ( retSD == FR_OK )
				{
					TotalSpace=(uint16_t)(((fs->n_fatent - 2) * fs->csize ) / 2 /1024);
					AvailableSize=(uint16_t)((fre_clust * fs->csize) / 2 /1024);
					UsedSize=TotalSpace-AvailableSize;
					//Print free space in unit of MB (assuming 512 bytes/sector)
					printf("\r\n%d MB total drive space.\r\n""%d MB available.\r\n""%d MB  used.\r\n",(int)TotalSpace, (int)AvailableSize, (int)UsedSize);
				}
				else
				{
					printf("Get SDCard Capacity Failed (%d)\r\n", retSD);
				}

    	 }
     }

	 else if(cmd==4) //File creation and write
	 {
			  cmd = 0;

			  if(SD_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nSD File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retSD);
			  else
			  {
					retSD = f_open( &file, filepath, FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE );  //Open or create file
					if(retSD == FR_OK)
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open or creation successful\r\n");

						retSD = f_write( &file, (const void *)WBuffer, sizeof(WBuffer), &byteswritten); //Write data

						if(retSD == FR_OK)
						{
							printf("\r\nFile write successful\r\n");

						}
						else
						{
							printf("\r\nFile write error: %d\r\n",retSD);
						}

						f_close(&file);   //Close file
					}
					else
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open or creation error %d\r\n",retSD);
					}
			   }

    }

    else if(cmd==5) //File read
    {
			  cmd = 0;

			  if(SD_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nSD File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retSD);
			  else
			  {
					retSD = f_open( &file, filepath, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); //Open file
					if(retSD == FR_OK)
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open successful\r\n");

						retSD = f_read( &file, (void *)rBuffer, sizeof(rBuffer), &bytesread); //Read data

						if(retSD == FR_OK)
						{
							printf("\r\nFile read successful\r\n");
							PY_Delay_us_t(200000);

							SD_Read_Size = sizeof(rBuffer);
							for(uint16_t i = 0;i < SD_Read_Size;i++)
							{
								printf("%d ", rBuffer[i]);
							}
							printf("\r\n");

						}
						else
						{
							printf("\r\nFile read error: %d\r\n", retSD);
						}
						f_close(&file); //Close file
					}
					else
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open error: %d\r\n", retSD);
					}
			  }

	}

	else if(cmd==6) //File locating write
    {
			  cmd = 0;

			  if(SD_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nSD File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retSD);
			  else
			  {
					retSD = f_open( &file, filepath, FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE);  //Open or create file
					if(retSD == FR_OK)
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open or creation successful\r\n");

						retSD=f_lseek( &file, f_tell(&file) + sizeof(WBuffer) ); //move file operation pointer, f_tell(&file) gets file head locating

						if(retSD == FR_OK)
						{

							retSD = f_write( &file, (const void *)WBuffer, sizeof(WBuffer), &byteswritten);
							if(retSD == FR_OK)
							{
								printf("\r\nFile locating write successful\r\n");
							}
							else
							{
								printf("\r\nFile locating write error: %d\r\n", retSD);
							}

						}
						else
						{
							printf("\r\nFile pointer error: %d\r\n",retSD);
						}

						f_close(&file);   //Close file
					}
					else
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open or creation error %d\r\n",retSD);
					}
			  }
	}

    else if(cmd==7) //File locating read
	{
			  cmd = 0;

			  if(SD_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nSD File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retSD);
			  else
			  {
					retSD = f_open(&file, filepath, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); //Open file
					if(retSD == FR_OK)
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open successful\r\n");

						retSD =  f_lseek(&file,f_tell(&file)+ sizeof(WBuffer)/2); //move file operation pointer, f_tell(&file) gets file head locating

						if(retSD == FR_OK)
						{
							retSD = f_read( &file, (void *)rBuffer, sizeof(rBuffer), &bytesread);
							if(retSD == FR_OK)
							{
								printf("\r\nFile locating read successful\r\n");
								PY_Delay_us_t(200000);

								SD_Read_Size = sizeof(rBuffer);
								for(uint16_t i = 0;i < SD_Read_Size;i++)
								{
									printf("%d ",rBuffer[i]);
								}
								printf("\r\n");
							}
							else
							{
								printf("\r\nFile locating read error: %d\r\n",retSD);
							}
						}
						else
						{
							printf("\r\nFile pointer error: %d\r\n",retSD);
						}
						f_close(&file);
					}
					else
					{
						printf("\r\nFile open error: %d\r\n",retSD);
					}
			  }
     }


	 else if(cmd==8) //Get CID
     {
    	 cmd = 0;

    	 if(SD_Status == 0) printf("\r\nSD initial failure\r\n");
    	 else
    	 {
        	 if(SD_GETCID((uint8_t *)sdinfo)==0)
        	 {
        		printf("CID: ");
        		for(uint32_t i=0; i<16; i++)
        		{
        			printf("%.2x ", sdinfo[i]);
        		}
        		printf("\r\n");
        	 }
    	 }

     }

	 else if(cmd==9) //Get CSD
     {
    	 cmd = 0;

    	 if(SD_Status == 0) printf("\r\nSD initial failure\r\n");
    	 else
    	 {
        	 if(SD_GETCSD((uint8_t *)sdinfo)==0)
        	 {
        		printf("CSD: ");
        		for(uint32_t i=0; i<16; i++)
        		{
        			printf("%.2x ", sdinfo[i]);
        		}
        		printf("\r\n");
        	 }

    	 }

     }

	 else;

    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE2);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 25;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 336;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 7;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief SPI1 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 1 */
  /* SPI1 parameter configuration*/
  hspi1.Instance = SPI1;
  hspi1.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
  hspi1.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
  hspi1.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
  hspi1.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
  hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_4;
  hspi1.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
  hspi1.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCPolynomial = 10;
  if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief USART1 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : SPI1_CS_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = SPI1_CS_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
	if(huart==&huart1)
	{
		cmd = uart1_rx[0];
		HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, uart1_rx, 1);
	}

}
/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */


STM32例程测试

串口指令0x01测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL
串口指令0x02测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

串口指令0x03测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

串口指令0x04测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

串口指令0x05测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

串口指令0x06测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

串口指令0x07测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

串口指令0x08测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

串口指令0x09测试效果如下:
stm32 hal库 实现基于spi模式的sd卡、tf卡fats文件系统,STM32,stm32,FATS,SPI,SD,MICROSD,TF,HAL

STM32例程下载

STM32F401CCU6 SPI总线FATS读写SD/MicroSD/TF卡例程下载

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